Bihag

Bihag is a Hindustani classical raga belonging to the Bilaval thaat.

Behag
ThaatBilaval
Time of dayLate night, 12–3
Arohana'Ni Sa Ga ma Pa Ni Sa'
AvarohanaSa' Ni (Dha) Pa Ma Pa Ga ma Ga Re Sa
PakadPa Ma Pa Ga ma Ga
VadiGa
SamavadiNi
Similar
  • Maru Bihag
  • Bihagra
Hindustani classical music
Concepts
Genres
Thaats

Theory

Arohana and Avarohana

Arohana

Ni Sa Ga ma Pa Ni Sa

Avarohana

Sa' Ni (Dha) Pa Ma Pa Ga ma Ga Re Sa

Vadi and Samavadi

Vadi

The Vadi note is Ga.

Samavadi

The Samavadi note is Ni.

Pakad or Chalan

Bihag uses both shuddha Ma (ma) and teevra Ma (Ma).

It has the pakad Pa Ma Pa Ga ma Ga.

Both R and D are never used in ascent, but always on the way down. That is,

Pa Ni Dha Pa Ma Pa Ga ma Ga Re Sa

or

Ni Sa Ni Dha Pa Ma Pa Ga ma Ga Re Sa

Organization and relationships

Related ragas: Maru Bihag, Bihagra.

Bihag is usually assigned to the Thaat Bilaval, but if Teevra Madhyam is given more importance, Bihag seems to be more akin to Kalyan Thaat.

Samay (Time)

Bihag is played in the second quarter of night. The mood of the raga is celebratory as well as romantic, making it a common raga sung especially on occasions of marriage.

Origins

The origin can be traced back to pure classical ragas widely prevalent in the 16th century, and in many folk songs in the Vaishnava period (14th-18th century). It is used in many songs of Tagore and in various Bengali and north Indian compositions.

Recordings

Film

A portion of the alap of Bihag may be seen in a scene from Satyajit Ray's 1958 film Jalsaghar, played by the surbahar player Wahid Khan, from 29:50 to 31:58. Dil cheez kya hai from Umrao Jaan contains elements of Bihag.[1]

The song "Hamare Dil Se Na Jana" from the film Udan Khatola is based on Bihag. The song "Tere Sur Aur Mere Geet"[2] from Goonj Uthi Shehnai is based on Bihag, when shehnai maestro Ustad Bismillah Khan appeared in film music.

The song "Malargal Kaettaen" from Oh Kadal Kanmani sung by Chitra and A.R. Rahman is based on Bihag.

The song "Piya Bawari" sung by Asha Bhosle and composed by R.D. Burman from Khubsoorat is based on Bihag.[3]

Film Songs

Language:Tamil
Song Movie Composer Singer
Yaaradi Vanthaar Vanambadi K. V. Mahadevan L. R. Eswari
Kannethire Thondrinal Iruvar Ullam T. M. Soundararajan
Chitthiram Pesuthadi Sabaash Meena T. G. Lingappa
Paavadai Dhavaniyil Nichaya Thaamboolam Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy
Oru Pennai Parthu Dheiva Thaai
Tamizhukku Amethendru Per Panchavarna Kili P. Susheela
Aalaya Mainiyin Palum Pazhamum
Oru Naal Yaaro Major Chandrakanth V. Kumar
Aadi Velli Moondru Mudichu M. S. Viswanathan P. Jayachandran, Vani Jairam
Hey Oraiyiram Meendum Kokila Ilaiyaraaja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Un Paarvayil Amman Kovil Kizhakale K. J. Yesudas, K.S. Chitra
Inimel Naalum Iravu Pookal S. Janaki
Kannai Padithaen Ponnar Shankar Sriram Parthasarathy, Shreya Ghoshal
Thai Matham Kalyanam Thambikku Oru Paattu P. Jayachandran, Swarnalatha
Suttum Vizhi Kandukondain Kandukondain A. R. Rahman Hariharan
Malargal Kaettaen O Kadhal Kanmani K.S. Chitra, A. R. Rahman,Sajith
Mudhal Murai Killi Parthen Sangamam Srinivas, Sujatha Mohan
Kalvare Raavanan Shreya Ghoshal
Kadhalaam Kadavul Mun (MaruBihag Raga) Uttama Villain Ghibran Padmalatha
Malavika Malavika Unnai Thedi Deva Hariharan, K.S. Chitra
Vizhiyil Un Vizhiyil Kireedam G. V. Prakash Kumar Sonu Nigam, Swetha Mohan

Theatre

In the Kannada Yakshagana play Maatanado mativanta preeta composition of Shahiprabha Parinaya the prasanga (plot) is in Behag.

References
  1. Ranade, Ashok Damodar (November 16, 2006). Hindi Film Song: Music Beyond Boundaries. Bibliophile South Asia. ISBN 9788185002644 – via Google Books.
  2. "YouTube". www.youtube.com.
  3. "10 terrific RD Burman songs – Raga based". Times of India Blog. January 1, 2014.
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