Abdalla Hamdok

Abdalla Hamdok (also transliterated: Abdallah,[3] Hamdouk;[3] Arabic: عبدالله حمدوك; born 1956[1]) is a public administrator who became the 15th Prime Minister of Sudan. Prior to his appointment, Hamdok served in numerous national and international administrative positions.[4] From November 2011 to October 2018, he was Deputy Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA).[4][5] UNECA staff described Hamdok as "A diplomat, a humble man and a brilliant and disciplined mind".[5] In August 2019, Hamdok was floated around as a likely candidate for Prime Minister of Sudan for the 2019 Sudanese transition to democracy.[3][6]

Abdalla Hamdok
عبدالله حمدوك
Abdalla Hamdok at the World Hydropower Congress 2017
15th Prime Minister of Sudan
Assumed office
21 August 2019[1]
Appointed bySovereignty Council of Sudan[1]
Preceded byMohamed Tahir Ayala
Deputy Executive Secretary of United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
In office
November 2011  30 October 2018
Executive SecretaryVera Songwe
Personal details
Born1956 (age 6364)[1]
Al-Dibaibat, Kordofan, Sudan
Political partyIndependent
Other political
affiliations
Forces of Freedom and Change
Spouse(s)Muna Abdalla[2]
Children2[2]
Alma materUniversity of Khartoum, University of Manchester

Following the transfer of power from the Transitional Military Council to the Sovereignty Council of Sudan, the Sovereignty Council appointed Abdalla Hamdok as Prime Minister during the transitional period. He was sworn in on 21 August 2019.[1]

Education

Abdalla Hamdok holds a bachelor of science from the University of Khartoum and a doctorate in economic studies from the University of Manchester.[4]

Early and international career

From 1981 to 1987, Hamdok was a senior official in the Sudanese Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning.[4]

In the 1990s, Hamdok held senior positions first at Deloitte & Touche and then at the International Labour Organization in Zimbabwe, followed by several years at the African Development Bank in Côte d'Ivoire. Hamdok was the Regional Director for Africa and the Middle East of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance from 2003 to 2008.[4]

Hamdok worked briefly for the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) in 2001 and 2002 as Director of Regional Integration and Trade[5] and from 2011 to October 2018 was the Deputy Executive Secretary of UNECA.[4][5] UNECA staff described Hamdok as "a true Pan-Africanist, a diplomat, a humble man and a brilliant and disciplined mind".[5]

In September 2018, Hamdok was named as Minister of Finance under the al-Bashir presidency of Sudan, but refused the nomination.[7]

Prime Minister of Sudan

Hamdok with Steven Mnuchin at U.S. Treasury in 2019

Suggestions were made in June 2019 by a spokesperson of the Forces of Freedom and Change (FFC) and in August 2019 by The Sudan Daily that Hamdok would be proposed as Prime Minister of Sudan by the FFC, which negotiated the 2019 Sudanese transition to democracy with the Transitional Military Council.[3][6] The transition procedures were formally defined in the Political Agreement signed on 17 July 2019 by the FFC and TMC[8][9] and the Draft Constitutional Declaration signed by the FFC and the TMC on 4 August 2019.[10][11]

The Sovereignty Council of Sudan appointed Hamdok to be Prime Minister on 20 August, as required by the Draft Constitutional Declaration. He was subsequently sworn in on 21 August.[1] Under Article 19 of the August 2019 Draft Constitutional Declaration, as a minister during the transitional period, Hamdok is forbidden (along with other senior transition leaders) from running in the 2022 Sudanese general election scheduled to end the transitional period.[11]

As prime minister, Hamdok selected a cabinet of ministers. On 4 October 2019, he purged the leadership of public Sudanese universities, dismissing 28 chancellors and 35 vice-chancellors and appointed 34 vice-chancellors. The aim was to replace people in positions of power representing the al-Bashir government.[12]

Assassination attempt

On 9 March 2020, Hamdok survived an assassination attempt in the capital Khartoum. The culprit(s) has yet to be publicly identified. At least 3 vehicles were damaged in the attempt, but there were no human casualties[13][14] except for one security officer who was "lightly wounded."[15]

Views

Agriculture

Hamdok has pushed for a change from subsistence agriculture to "more dynamic, commercial oriented" agriculture in Africa, stating in 2014 that Africa was capable of food self-sufficiency, but that 300 million Africans were hungry. Referring to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) estimate of the effects of a 2-degree Celsius global average warming above pre-industrial levels, Hamdok noted that effects such as reduced rainfall could prevent Africa from reducing extreme poverty. To combat hunger, Hamdok proposed infrastructure improvements (such as methods of transforming, storing and transporting excess produce to markets); the use of "climate information"; improved water management; and greater integration of agriculture with national industry and science and technology research institutions.[16]

Women's rights

As Prime Minister, Hamdok had the role in late August 2019 of selecting ministers from a list of candidates proposed to him by the Forces of Freedom and Change (FFC), apart from the Ministers of Interior and Defence, to be chosen by military members of the Sovereignty Council. Hamdok delayed his decision on which candidates to select, stating that one his reasons for objecting was that too few women were present on the list. He stated that he would "take into account a fair representation of women".[17] Four women became ministers in the Hamdok Cabinet: Asma Mohamed Abdalla as Foreign Minister,[18] Lina al-Sheikh as Minister of Social Development and Labour,[19][20] Wala'a Essam al-Boushi as Minister for Youth and Sports and Intisar el-Zein Soughayroun as Minister of Higher Education.[21]

In November 2019, the government of Sudan repealed all laws restricting women's freedom of dress, movement, association, work and study. Hamdok praised women in a message published on social media, saying that the laws were "an instrument of exploitation, humiliation, violation, aggression on the rights of citizens."[22] In 2020, Hamdok passed a law to prohibit female genital mutilation.[23] The change is an amendment to Sudan’s Criminal Law Article 141. The act is defined as removing or mutilating "the female genitalia by cutting, mutilating or modifying any natural part of it leading to the full or partial loss of its functions."

Personal life

Hamdok married fellow economist Muna Abdalla in 1993 in south Manchester. They have 2 grown-up sons; one studying at Exeter University as of 2019 and one who graduated from a university in the United States in the late 2010s.[2]

References

  1. "Abdalla Hamdok: Who is Sudan's new prime minister?". Al Jazeera English. 21 August 2019. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  2. Halle-Richards, Sophie (1 September 2019). "The new prime minister of Sudan lived, studied and married in Manchester". men. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
  3. Abdelaziz, Khalid (12 June 2019). "Sudan opposition says to nominate members for transitional council". Thomson Reuters. Archived from the original on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  4. "Abdalla Hamdok – Deputy Executive Secretary – United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". United Nations Industrial Development Organization. 2018. Archived from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  5. " "ECA staff bid adieu to Abdalla Hamdok – "a brilliant, true Pan-Africanist"". United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. 30 October 2018. Archived from the original on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  6. "FFC pick Hamdok as prime minister". Sudan Daily. 4 August 2019. Archived from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
  7. "Sudan economic crisis: New central bank chief appointed as inflation soars". Middle East Eye. 15 September 2018. Archived from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  8. FFC; TMC; Idris, Insaf (17 July 2019). "Political Agreement on establishing the structures and institutions of the transitional period between the Transitional Military Council and the Declaration of Freedom and Change Forces" (PDF). Radio Dabanga. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  9. "Int'l community applauds Sudan political agreement". Radio Dabanga. 18 July 2019. Archived from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  10. FFC; TMC (4 August 2019). "(الدستوري Declaration (العربية))" [(Constitutional Declaration)] (PDF). raisethevoices.org (in Arabic). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
  11. FFC; TMC; IDEA; Reeves, Eric (10 August 2019). "Sudan: Draft Constitutional Charter for the 2019 Transitional Period". sudanreeves.org. Archived from the original on 10 August 2019. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  12. "Hamdok sacks Sudan's university chancellors and vice-chancellors". Sudan Tribune. 4 October 2019. Archived from the original on 4 October 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2019.
  13. "Sudanese Prime Minister Abdullah Hamdouk survives an assassination attempt". Gulf News. 9 March 2020.
  14. "Sudan PM Abdalla Hamdok survives assassination attempt". BBC.com. 9 March 2020.
  15. Chakraborty, Barnini (9 March 2020). "Sudan Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok survives harrowing assassination attempt". FoxNews.com.
  16. Hamdok, Abdalla (8 October 2014). "Abdalla Hamdok: How Africa can feed its people, create wealth". environewsnigeria.com. Archived from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  17. "Hamdok delays formation of Sudan's transitional government". Sudan Tribune. 29 August 2019. Archived from the original on 7 September 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  18. "Sudan's PM chooses 14 members of cabinet". Sudan Daily. 3 September 2019. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
  19. "Hamdouk approves several candidates for the transitional cabinet". Sudan Daily. 4 September 2019. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
  20. "FFC, Hamdok reach deal on Sudan's transitional cabinet". Sudan Tribune. 4 September 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
  21. Hendawi, Hamza (4 September 2019). "Women take prominent place in Sudanese politics as Abdalla Hamdok names cabinet". The National (Abu Dhabi). Archived from the original on 5 September 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
  22. Burke, Jason; Zeinab Mohammad Salih (29 November 2019). "Sudan dissolves ex-ruling party and repeals law targeting women". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  23. Walsh, Declan (30 April 2020). "In a Victory for Women in Sudan, Female Genital Mutilation Is Outlawed". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
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