ADEOS I

ADEOS I (Advanced Earth Observing Satellite 1) was an Earth observation satellite[4] launched by NASDA in 1996.[5][6] The mission's Japanese name, Midori, means "green".[7]

ADEOS I
Launch of ADEOS I aboard an H-II rocket
NamesAdvanced Earth Observing Satellite
Midori
Mission typeEarth observation
Environmental monitoring
OperatorNASDA
COSPAR ID1996-046A
SATCAT no.24277
Mission durationFinal: 10 months, 13 days
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass3,500 kg (7,700 lb)
Dimensions4 × 4 × 5 m (13 × 13 × 16 ft)
Power5,000 watts
Start of mission
Launch date17 August 1996, 01:53:00 (1996-08-17UTC01:53) UTC[1]
RocketH-II
Launch siteTanegashima Yoshinobu 1
End of mission
DisposalSpacecraft failure
Last contact30 June 1997, 07:21 (1997-06-30UTC07:22) UTC
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeSun-synchronous[2]
Eccentricity0.0002193
Perigee altitude792 km (492 mi)
Apogee altitude795 km (494 mi)
Inclination98.7 degrees
Period101 minutes
Mean motion14.29 rev/day
Epoch26 December 2016, 19:33:18 UTC[3]
 

The mission ended in July 1997 after the satellite sustained structural damage to the solar panel array.[5] Its successor, ADEOS II, was launched in 2002. Like the first mission, it ended after less than a year[7] – also following solar panel malfunctions.[8]

Purpose
ADEOS I satellite

ADEOS was designed to observe Earth's environmental changes, focusing on global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, and deforestation.[7]

On board the satellite are eight instruments developed by NASDA, NASA, and CNES. The Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (OCTS) is a whisk broom radiometer developed by NASDA.[4] The Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer (AVNIR), an optoelectronic scanning radiometer with CCD detectors, was also produced by NASDA.[4] The NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT), developed with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, used fan-beam Doppler signals to measure wind speeds over bodies of water.[4] The Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) was built by CNES to study changes to Earth's ozone layer.[4] The Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectance (POLDER) device was also developed by CNES, and was also launched on ADEOS II.[4] The Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) was developed by NASDA and the Environment Agency of Japan, and used grating spectrometers to measure the properties of trace gases using solar occultation.[4] The Retroreflector in Space (RIS) and Interferometric Monitor for Greenhouse Gases (IMG) were both developed by Japan, and studied atmospheric trace gases and greenhouse gases respectively.[4]

Mission

Failure

On 28 August 1996, the satellite adjusted its attitude to control its orbit. As a result of this maneuver, the solar panel received sunlight from the rear. This caused the solar paddle mast to expand and the panel blanket to contract, placing tension on a soldered joint on the paddle, which eventually broke.[5]

The final communication from the satellite was received at 07:21 UTC on 30 June 1997,[5] 9 months after launch.[7]

Footnotes
  1. Earth Observation Research and Application Center (2005)
  2. Earth Observation Research and Application Center (1998)
  3. "ADEOS I - Orbit". Heavens Above. 27 December 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  4. Earth Observation Portal (2008)
  5. Satellite News Digest (2006)
  6. International Laser Ranging Service (2010)
  7. Darling (2010)
  8. Satellite News Digest (2003)

Sources

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