3 Tammuz

Gimmel Tammuz (ג' בתמוז) is the third day of Tammuz, which is the tenth month in the Hebrew year counting from Tishrei, and the fourth month counting from Nisan.[1]

Historical events on this date
  • In the year (2489) ב'תפ"ט is the traditional date for the defeat by Joshua of the five Kings in the battle of Givon.[2]
  • In the year 5687 (1927)[3] the sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn[4] was released from prison and sentenced to three years of exile in the remote city of Kostroma, (which was ultimately commuted 10 days later on the 12-13th of Tammuz) [5] he was arrested for spreading Judaism in communist Russia. His son-in-law and successor, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson stressed that even though his release from prison was followed by exile, it is nonetheless a joyous day since it was the "askhalta d'geulah" (beginning of redemption).
  • In the year (ה'תש"ח (5708, in part of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the Israeli Defense Forces captured the city of Lod during Operation Dani.[6]
  • In the year (ה'תשל"ז (5737, the IDF carried out an exercise in the largest reserve mobilization since the Yom Kippur War, to test the speed of reservists.
  • In the year (5774) the bodies of three abducted Yeshiva students Naftali Frenkel, Gil-Ad Sha'er and Eyal Yifrah were discovered by the IDF near Hevron.[7]

Births
  • In the year (ה'תרמ"ו (5646 Marc Bloch, the French-Jewish historian, of the French Resistance and founder of Annales School, was born (executed תש"ד) (5704).

Deaths
  • Of particular significance to the Chabad movement, one of the largest Hasidic communities in the world, on Gimmel Tammuz 5754 (1994), the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, died[8][9][10] at 1:50 am at Beth Israel hospital in Manhattan and was buried that day at the Ohel in Old Montefiore Cemetery in Queens, adjacent to the grave of his father-in-law and predecessor, the previous Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn. This day is commemorated by visiting the Rebbe’s resting place, or "The Ohel", attending Hasidic gatherings, known as farbrengens, learning the Rebbe’s Torah insights, as well as other customs. In this some Chabad chassidim follow the same customs inscribed in a letter the Rebbe wrote upon the first anniversary of the passing of his father-in-law.[11]

References
  1. "היו ימים - שטורעם.נט כל חב"ד יודעת". shturem.net.
  2. Rabbi Yonason Goldson. "The day the sun stood still". Jewish World Review. based on Seder Olam Rabbah, 11
  3. "Day View". chabad.org.
  4. "Rabbi Joseph Isaac Schneersohn, the "Rebbe Rayatz" (1880-1950) - A brief biography of the sixth Chabad Rebbe". chabad.org.
  5. "The Liberation of the Previous Rebbe - 12th & 13th of Tammuz". chabad.org.
  6. "Operation Dani and the Palestinian Exodus from Lydda and Ramle in 1948". Middle East Journal. 40: 82–109. JSTOR 4327250.
  8. "The Rebbe: A brief biography". chabad.org.
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/20160505014920/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-22548021.html
  10. Firestone, David (13 June 1994). "Thousands Gather in Crown Hts. To Grieve for Their Grand Rabbi". The New York Times.
  11. "Yahrtzeit Observances: The Rebbe's Yud Shevat Letter". chabad.org.
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