381 series

The 381 series (381系, 381-kei) is a tilting DC electric multiple unit (EMU) train type introduced in 1973 by Japanese National Railways (JNR), and currently operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West), and formerly also operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) in Japan.[1]

381 series
A 381 series on a Mahoroba service in May 2010
ManufacturerHitachi, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo
Replaced183 series
Constructed1973–1982
Entered service1973
Refurbished1997–2011 (JR West)
Number built277 vehicles
Number in service136 vehicles (as of 1 April 2015)
Number preserved1 vehicle
Number scrapped140 vehicles
Formation3/4/6/7/9 cars per trainset
Operator(s)JNR (1973–1987)
JR Central (1987–2008)
JR West (1987–Present)
Depot(s)Hineno, Goto, Fukuchiyama
Specifications
Car body constructionAluminium alloy
Car length21,300 mm (69 ft 11 in)
Width2,920 mm (9 ft 7 in)
Height3,383 mm (11 ft 1.2 in)
Maximum speed120 km/h (75 mph)
Traction systemResistor control
Electric system(s)1,500 V DC
Current collection methodOverhead wire
Track gauge1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)

Fleet

As of 1 April 2015, 136 vehicles were operated by JR-West.[2]

Operations

JR Central

JR-West
  • Kuroshio (from October 1978 until 30 October 2015[3])
  • Yakumo
  • Kounotori (until 31 May 2011,[4] from 1 June 2012[5] until 30 October 2015[6])
  • Kinosaki (from 1 June 2012[5] until 30 October 2015[6])
  • Hashidate (from 16 March 2013 until 30 October 2015[6])
  • Hanwa Liner rapid service (until March 2011)
  • Yamatoji Liner rapid service (until March 2011)

Livery variations
  • JNR Livery (JR Central Shinano set), July 2006
  • JR-West Kuroshio refurbished set
  • 381 series Super Kuroshio set, 1992
  • 381 series Super Kuroshio KuRo 380 refurbished car
  • JR-West Yakumo set, July 2007
  • JR-West set in Super Yakumo livery, September 2007
  • JR-West set in Yuttari Yakumo livery, December 2009

History

The 381 series EMU was developed from the experimental 591 series 3-car articulated tilting EMU tested from 1970.[7]

The 381 series entered revenue service from 10 July 1973 on the Shinano limited express between Nagoya and Nagano.[7]

JR-West 381 series trains were removed from Kuroshio, Kounotori, Kinosaki, and Hashidate limited express services in October 2015, with the last services operating on 30 October.[6]

Preserved examples
Preserved KuHa 381-1 at the SCMaglev and Railway Park, April 2011
  • KuHa 381-1: (built 1973 by Kawasaki Heavy Industries) SCMaglev and Railway Park, Nagoya.[8]
  • KuRo 381-11: (built 1974 by Kawasaki Heavy Industries) formerly at the SCMaglev and Railway Park, Nagoya,[8] removed in June 2019.[9]

References
  1. Jēāru zensharyō handobukku: Rail Magazine 2009 JR全車輌ハンドブック2009 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009] (in Japanese). Japan: Neko Publishing. 2009. ISBN 978-4-7770-0836-0.
  2. JR電車編成表 2015夏 [JR EMU Formations - Summer 2015] (in Japanese). Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. 20 May 2015. p. 406. ISBN 978-4-330-56915-4.
  3. くろしお３８１系引退へ…パンダシートも見納め [Kuroshio 381 series to be withdrawn - Also end of panda seats]. Yomiuri Online (in Japanese). Japan: The Yomiuri Shimbun. 29 October 2015. Archived from the original on 24 October 2015. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  4. "新型車両（287 系）追加投入の詳細" [Details of further introduction of new (287 series) trains] (PDF). JR-West news release (in Japanese). West Japan Railway Company. 28 April 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  5. "JR西日本　381系福知山車ＦＥ編成が営業運転開始" [JR-West: Fukichiyama-based 381 series FE sets enter service]. Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine. 41 (340): 75. August 2012.
  6. 381系が関西地区の定期運用から離脱 [381 series removed from scheduled Kansai area services]. Japan Railfan Magazine Online (in Japanese). Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. 31 October 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
  7. プロトタイプの世界 - Prototype World. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbunsha. December 2005. pp. 12–19. OCLC 170056962.
  8. "「リニア・鉄道館」ファーストガイド" ["SCMaglev and Railway Park" First Guide]. Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine. 40 (324): 20–33. April 2011.
  9. リニア・鉄道館 N700系車両の展示について [N700 series shinkansen exhibit at SCMaglev and Railway Park] (PDF). News release (in Japanese). Japan: Central Japan Railway Company. 17 May 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
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