35th Infantry Division (United States)

The 35th Infantry Division, formerly known as the 35th Division, is an infantry formation of the Army National Guard at Fort Leavenworth.

35th Infantry Division
35th ID Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
Active
  • 1917–1919
  • 1935–1945
  • 1946–1963
  • 1984–present
Country United States
Branch Army
TypeInfantry
RoleHeadquarters
SizeDivision
Part of Army National Guard
Garrison/HQFort Leavenworth
Nickname(s)"Santa Fe Division"
Colors         Red and blue
CampaignsWorld War I

World War II

Website35th Infantry Division
Commanders
Current
commander		Maj. Gen. William B. Blaylock
Notable
commanders
Insignia
Distinctive unit insignia

The 35th Division was organized August 25, 1917, at Camp Doniphan, Oklahoma, as a unit of the National Guard, with troops from Missouri and Kansas.[1][2] It was deactivated in 1919 but was reconstituted in 1935 and served with a brief interruption until it was deactivated again in 1963.

The Division was reactivated and the headquarters and headquarters company federally recognized on August 25, 1984, at Fort Leavenworth.[3]

Shoulder sleeve insignia

The division's shoulder patch, a white Santa Fe cross on a blue disc with a green border, was originally approved for the 35th Division on 29 October 1918.

The Santa Fe cross was a symbol used to mark the Santa Fe Trail, an area where the unit trained, and was designated as an identifying device for the unit by Headquarters, 35th Division General Orders 25, dated March 27, 1918. The organization is referred to as the Santa Fe Division.[4]

World War I

Major events
  • Ordered into federal service: 5 August 1917 (National Guard Division from Kansas and Missouri)
  • Overseas: 7 May 1918
  • Returned to U.S. and demobilized: April 1919.

Commanders
  • Major General William M. Wright (25 August 1917)
  • Brigadier General Lucien Grant Berry (18 September 1917)
  • Major General William M. Wright (10 December 1917)
  • Brigadier General Nathaniel F. McClure (15 June 1918)
  • Major General Peter E. Traub (2 November 1918)
  • Brigadier General Thomas B. Dugan (25 November 1918)
  • Major General Peter E. Traub (7 December 1918)
  • Brigadier General Thomas B. Dugan (27 December 1918 to inactivation)

Actions during World War I

The 35th Division arrived at Le Havre, France, on 11 May 1918. The 35th served first, a brigade at a time, in the Vosges mountains between 30 June and 13 August. The whole division served in the Gerardmer sector, Alsace, 14 August to 1 September; Meuse-Argonne, 21 to 30 September; Sommedieu sector, 15 October, to 6 November. Men of the division spent ninety-two days in quiet sectors and five in active; advanced twelve and one half kilometres against resistance, captured 781 prisoners, and lost 1,067 killed and 6,216 wounded.[5] The 35th Division had as an officer Captain Harry Truman, 33rd President of the United States, who commanded Battery D of the 129th Field Artillery Regiment.[6]

World War I order of battle

Units of the 35th Division during World War I included:[7][8][9]

  • Headquarters, 35th Division
  • 69th Infantry Brigade
    • 137th Infantry Regiment (1st Kansas Infantry, less band, and 2nd Kansas Infantry)
    • 138th Infantry Regiment (1st Missouri Infantry and 5th Missouri Infantry, less band)
    • 129th Machine Gun Battalion (2nd Battalion, 2nd Missouri Infantry)
  • 70th Infantry Brigade
    • 139th Infantry Regiment (3rd Kansas Infantry and 4th Missouri Infantry, less band)
    • 140th Infantry Regiment (3rd Missouri Infantry and 6th Missouri Infantry, less band)
    • 130th Machine Gun Battalion (3rd Battalion, 2nd Missouri Infantry)
  • 60th Field Artillery Brigade
    • 128th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (1st Missouri Field Artillery)
    • 129th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (2nd Missouri Field Artillery and Troop B, Missouri Cavalry)
    • 130th Field Artillery Regiment (155 mm) (1st Kansas Field Artillery)
    • 110th Trench Mortar Battery (Supply Company and Headquarters Company less band, 2nd Missouri Infantry)
  • 128th Machine Gun Battalion (Machine gun company and 1st Battalion, 2nd Missouri Infantry)
  • 110th Engineer Regiment (1st Separate Battalion Kansas Engineers, 1st Separate Battalion Missouri Engineers, and 1st Kansas Infantry)
  • 110th Field Signal Battalion (1st Battalion, Kansas Signal Corps)
  • Headquarters Troop, 35th Division (Troop A, 1st Squadron Kansas Cavalry)
  • 110th Train Headquarters and Military Police (Troops B, C, and D, 1st Squadron Kansas Cavalry)
    • 110th Ammunition Train (National Army men)
    • 110th Supply Train (Supply train, Missouri National Guard)
    • 110th Engineer Train (Engineer train, Kansas National Guard)
    • 110th Sanitary Train
      • 137th, 138th, 139th, and 140th Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals (1st and 2nd Kansas Field Hospitals, 1st and 2nd Missouri Field Hospitals, 1st and 2nd Kansas Ambulance Companies, 1st and 2nd Missouri Ambulance Companies)

Statistics
  • Campaigns: Meuse-Argonne Offensive

Casualties
  • Total battle casualties: 7,296
  • Killed in action: 1,018
  • Wounded in action: 6,278

Interwar period

Pursuant to Section 3a of the 1920 amendments to the National Defense Act of 1916, a systematic effort was made to return units of the National Guard and Organized Reserve (which assumed the unit designations of the wartime National Army) to the states from which they had originated. In 1921, the 35th Division was reconstituted in the National Guard, allotted to the states of Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska of the Seventh Corps Area, and assigned to the VII Corps. Due to a lack of funding and disputes between the states allotted for the division. the 35th Division headquarters was not organized and federally recognized until 13 September 1935. In the 1920s and 1930s, constituent units of the division performed various activities policing labor troubles and effecting disaster relief. 180 Organized Reserve officers of the 89th and 102nd Divisions were also provided with training by the division. Due to constricted funding, all the units of the 35th Division did not gather together in one place for training until the Fourth Army maneuvers at Fort Riley, Kansas in 1937. The division also concentrated at Camp Ripley, Minnesota, in 1940.[10]

Peacetime activities

130th Field Artillery Regiment[11]
  • Riot control duty during a coal miners' strike in Pittsburg, 14 December 1921 – 26 February 1922
  • Tornado relief duty in Hutchinson 13–15 January 1923, and Horton, 18–19 June 1923
  • Flood relief duty in Hutchinson, July 1929

134th Infantry Regiment[12]
  • Riot control duty during a workers' strike at the Nebraska City meat packing plant, 1922
  • Flood relief duty along the Republican River, 1935
  • Martial law in conjunction with a streetcar workers' strike in Omaha, 7–19 June 1935

137th Infantry Regiment[13]
  • Riot control duty during a coal miners' strike in Pittsburg, 14 December 1921 – 26 February 1922
  • Tornado relief duty in Augusta, 13–16 July 1924
  • Road patrols and bridge blocks during a prison breakout in Lansing, 19–20 January 1934
  • Riot control duty during a copper miners' disturbance in Baxter Springs, 8–27 June 1934, and during a coal miners' strike in Columbus, 17 June-6 August 1935

138th Infantry Regiment [13]
  • Riot control duty during a railroad workers' strike in Poplar Bluff, July 1922
  • Tornado relief duty in St. Louis, 29 September-6 October 1927

140th Infantry Regiment[14]
  • Riot control duty at railroad workers' strikes in Moberly, Macon, and Poplar Bluff, 13 July-23 November 1922, and during a workers' strike in New Madrid, May 1923
  • Flood relief duty along the Mississippi River at Charleston, Sikeston, and Poplar Bluff, 16 April-12 May 1927 and January 1937, and along the St. Francis River, June 1928, and every spring 1932-1933 and 1935-1938

142nd Field Artillery Regiment[15]

161st Field Artillery Regiment[16]
  • Road patrols and bridge blocks during a prison breakout in Lansing, 19–20 January 1934
  • Riot control duty during a coal miners' strike in Columbus, 17–25 June and 28 June-6 August 1935

Order of battle, 1924[17]

Italics indicates that the given 35th Division unit was unorganized or inactive at the time.

  • Headquarters, 35th Division (Missouri National Guard)
  • Headquarters, Special Troops (Missouri National Guard)
  • 69th Infantry Brigade (Topeka, Kansas)
  • 70th Infantry Brigade (Jefferson City, Missouri)
  • 60th Field Artillery Brigade (Topeka, Kansas)
    • 110th Ammunition Train (Kansas National Guard)
    • 130th Field Artillery Regiment (Topeka, Kansas)
    • 161st Field Artillery Regiment (Topeka, Kansas)
  • 110th Engineer Regiment (Kansas City, Missouri)
  • 110th Medical Regiment (Lincoln, Nebraska)
  • 35th Division Trains (Lincoln, Nebraska)
  • 35th Division Air Service (St. Louis, Missouri)

Order of battle, 1939[17]
  • Headquarters, 35th Division (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)
  • Headquarters, Special Troops (St. Joseph, Missouri)
    • Headquarters Company (Warrensburg, Missouri)
    • 35th Military Police Company (Garden City, Kansas)
    • 35th Signal Company (Kansas City, Kansas)
    • 35th Ordnance Company (Medium) (Kansas National Guard)
    • 35th Tank Company (Light) (St. Joseph, Missouri)
  • 69th Infantry Brigade (Omaha, Nebraska)
    • 134th Infantry Regiment (Omaha, Nebraska)
    • 137th Infantry Regiment (Horton, Kansas)
  • 70th Infantry Brigade (Jefferson City, Missouri)
    • 138th Infantry Regiment (St. Louis, Missouri)
    • 140th Infantry Regiment (Caruthersville, Missouri)
  • 60th Field Artillery Brigade (Topeka, Kansas)
    • 110th Ammunition Train (Kansas National Guard)
    • 130th Field Artillery Regiment (Topeka, Kansas)
    • 142nd Field Artillery Regiment (El Dorado, Arkansas)
    • 161st Field Artillery Regiment (Topeka, Kansas)
  • 110th Engineer Regiment (Kansas City, Missouri)
  • 110th Medical Regiment (Lincoln, Nebraska)
  • 110th Quartermaster Regiment (Lincoln, Nebraska)

World War II

Federalization

The 35th Division was ordered into federal service on 23 December 1940 at home stations. The division's units were ordered to report to Camp Joseph T. Robinson, Arkansas, and had arrived by the end of January, 1941. The incomplete ranks of the 35th were swelled by thousands of draftees, a large portion of whom, through the allowance of local recruitment while National Guard divisions were increasing their strength, were ordered to join the division from the states where the division's units had originated. After completing the War Department-mandated divisional training program, the 35th Division maneuvered against other units in Arkansas and Louisiana in the fall of 1941. After the Pearl Harbor attack came its first assignment, the defense of the Southern California Sector of the Western Defense Command.

Reorganization

On 3 February 1942, the 35th Division was "triangularized," losing its infantry and field artillery brigade headquarters. The 138th Infantry Regiment departed, assigned to GHQ. The 35th Division's engineer, field artillery, quartermaster, and medical regiments were reorganized as battalions. On 27 January 1943, the 140th Infantry Regiment was relieved from the division, and was replaced by the 320th Infantry Regiment on 26 January 1943.

Further training

The newly-christened 35th Infantry Division departed California for Camp Rucker, Alabama, arriving on 1 April 1943. After participating in the Second Army Tennessee Maneuvers from 22 November 1943 to 17 January 1944 and receiving mountain warfare training at the West Virginia Maneuver Area from 21 February to 28 March 1944, the 35th Infantry Division was declared ready for overseas service. Further movement to Camp Butner, North Carolina, and Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, saw the division through to England, where it arrived on 25 May 1944.

Commanders
  • Major General Ralph E. Truman (December 1940 – October 1941)
  • Major General William H. Simpson (October 1941 – April 1942)
  • Major General Maxwell Murray (May 1942 – January 1943)
  • Major General Paul W. Baade (January 1943 to inactivation)

Actions during World War II
Battle of the Bulge-Memorial in Boulaide: À la mémoire des vaillants soldats de la 35e division d'infanterie U.S. 1944-1945 .

The 35th Infantry Division arrived in England on 25 May 1944 and received further training. It landed on Omaha Beach, Normandy 5–7 July 1944 and entered combat on 11 July, fighting in the Normandy hedgerows north of St. Lo. The division beat off twelve German counterattacks at Emelie before entering St. Lo on 18 July. After mopping up in the St. Lo area, it took part in the offensive action southwest of St. Lo, pushing the Germans across the Vire River on 2 August, and breaking out of the Cotentin Peninsula. While en route to an assembly area, the division was "flagged off the road," to secure the Mortain-Avranches corridor and to rescue the 30th Division's "Lost Battalion" August 7–13, 1944.

Then racing across France through Orleans and Sens, the division attacked across the Moselle on 13 September, captured Nancy on 15 September, secured Chambrey on 1 October, and drove on to the German border, taking Sarreguemines and crossing the Saar on 8 December. After crossing the Blies River on 12 December, the division moved to Metz for rest and rehabilitation on 19 December. The 35th moved to Arlon, Belgium December 25–26, and took part in the fighting to relieve Bastogne, throwing off the attacks of four German divisions, taking Villers-laBonne-Eau on 10 January, after a 13-day fight and Lutrebois in a 5-day engagement. On 18 January 1945, the division returned to Metz to resume its interrupted rest.[6]

In late January, the division was defending the Foret de Domaniale area. Moving to the Netherlands to hold a defensive line along the Roer on 22 February, the division attacked across the Roer on 23 February, pierced the Siegfried Line, reached the Rhine at Wesel on 10 March, and crossed 25–26 March. It smashed across the Herne Canal and reached the Ruhr River early in April, when it was ordered to move to the Elbe April 12. Making the 295-mile dash in two days, the 35th mopped up in the vicinity of Colbitz and Angern, until 26 April 1945 when it moved to Hanover for occupational and mopping-up duty, continuing occupation beyond VE-day. The division left Southampton, England, on 5 September, and arrived in New York City on 10 September 1945.[6]

Assignments in the ETO
  • 5 May 1944: XV Corps, Third Army.
  • 8 July 1944: Third Army, but attached to the XIX Corps of First Army.
  • 27 July 1944: V Corps.
  • 1 August 1944: Third Army, Twelfth United States Army Group, but attached to the V Corps of First Army.
  • 5 August 1944: Third Army, 12th Army Group.
  • 6 August 1944: XX Corps.
  • 9 August 1944: Third Army, 12th Army Group, but attached to the VII Corps of First Army.
  • 13 August 1944: XII Corps, Third Army, 12th Army Group.
  • 23 December 1944: Third Army, 12th Army Group.
  • 24 December 1944: XX Corps.
  • 26 December 1944: III Corps.
  • 18 January 1945: XX Corps.
  • 23 January 1945: XV Corps, Sixth United States Army Group.
  • 30 January 1945: XVI Corps, Ninth Army, attached to the British 21st Army Group, 12th Army Group.
  • 4 April 1945: XVI Corps, Ninth Army, 12th Army Group.
  • 13 April 1945: XIX Corps for operations, and the XIII Corps for administration.
  • 16 April 1945: XIII Corps.

World War II order of battle

Units of the 35th Infantry Division from March 1942 included:

  • Headquarters, 35th Infantry Division
  • 134th Infantry Regiment
  • 137th Infantry Regiment
  • 320th Infantry Regiment
  • Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 35th Infantry Division Artillery
    • 127th Field Artillery Battalion (155 mm)
    • 161st Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
    • 216th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
    • 219th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
  • 60th Engineer Combat Battalion
  • 110th Medical Battalion
  • 35th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
  • Headquarters, Special Troops, 35th Infantry Division
    • Headquarters Company, 35th Infantry Division
    • 735th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company
    • 35th Quartermaster Company
    • 35th Signal Company
    • Military Police Platoon
    • Band
  • 35th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment[18][19][20]

Statistics

Awards
  • Unit Awards:
    • Distinguished Unit Citations: 7,
      • 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against the enemy during the period 28 December 1944 through 16 January 1945 (awarded 1947)
      • 1st Battalion, 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty against the enemy in the vicinity of Saint-Lô, Normandy, France, from 15 to 19 July 1944
      • Company C, 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty against the enemy in the vicinity of Habkirchen, Germany, from 12 to 21 December 1944
      • 2nd (machine gun) Platoon, Company D, 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism in action against the enemy in the vicinity of Habkirchen, Germany, from 12 to 21 December 1944
      • Company F, 137th Infantry Regiment, for outstanding performance of duty in action against the enemy at Sarreguemines, France, on 10 December 1944
      • 3rd Battalion, 137th Infantry Regiment, for outstanding performance of duty in action against the enemy in France, 18–21 November 1944
      • 1st Battalion, 320th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty in action against the enemy in the vicinity of Mortain, France, from 10 to 13 August 1944
  • Individual Awards:

Casualties
  • Total battle casualties: 15,822[21]
  • Killed in action: 2,485[21]
  • Wounded in action: 11,526[21]
  • Missing in action: 340[21]
  • Prisoner of war: 1,471[21]

Cold War to present
See also: Timeline of events in the Cold War

On 7 December 1945, the division was inactivated at Camp Breckinridge, Kentucky. During the next year and into 1947, the division was reestablished as a Kansas and Missouri National Guard division. In 1954 the division consisted of the 137th, 138th (Missouri), and 140th Infantry Regiments (Missouri); 185th, 194th, 554th, and 556th Field Artillery Battalions; the 113th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion; the 195th Tank Battalion; and signals, engineer, reconnaissance, military police, other combat support units, plus combat service support units.[22] After the Pentomic reorganization, the division's five battle groups were the 1-137 Infantry; 2-137 Infantry; 1-138 Infantry; 2-138 Infantry; and 1-140 Infantry.[23] In 1963 the division was inactivated along with three other National Guard divisions.

In early 1983, the Army began the process of reestablishing the division as a mechanized infantry formation to be made up of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Colorado, and Kentucky National Guard units. The division headquarters was established 30 September 1983, at Fort Leavenworth.[24] The division was formally reactivated as the 35th Infantry Division (Mechanized) on August 25, 1984 from the 67th Infantry Brigade (Mechanized) of Nebraska, the 69th Infantry Brigade (Mechanized) of Kansas, and the 149th Armored Brigade from Kentucky.[25] It continues in service today.

In 1984–85, the 69th Infantry Brigade was reported to comprise the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 137th Infantry Regiment, the 1st Battalion, 635th Armored Regiment, 1st Battalion, 127th Field Artillery Regiment, E Troop, 114th Cavalry, and the 169th Engineer Company.[26]

On 1 October 1987 the division's aviation units were reorganized, and the 135th Aviation was established. Two battalions of the regiment joined the division's aviation component.

Bosnia
35th ID Liaison Officer, Mostar, Bosnia, April 5, 2003

The 35th Infantry Division Headquarters commanded Task Force Eagle's Multi-National Division North in Bosnia and Herzegovina as part of SFOR-13 (Stabilization Force 13) with the NATO peacekeeping mandate under the Dayton Peace Accords. The headquarters were located at Eagle Base in the town of Tuzla. Brigadier General James Mason was the commander. He later went on to command the division. The division headquarters received the Army Superior Unit Award for its service in Bosnia. Division liaison officers served in the towns of Mostar, Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Zenica and Doboj. Several officers went on to other roles, including: Timothy J. Kadavy who served as Commander of 1st Squadron, 167th Cavalry, 35th Infantry Division in Bosnia. Lieutenant General Kadavy is now the Vice Chief of the National Guard Bureau. Victor J. Braden served as the Commander, 1st Battalion, 108th Aviation Regiment, 35th Infantry Division in Tuzla, Bosnia. Major General Braden was a recent Commander of the 35th Infantry Division. . Elliott Levenson was the Liaison Officer to the Italian Command at Multinational Brigade, South-East in Mostar, Bosnia. He earned the Bronze Star in Iraq with the 4th Brigade Combat Team, U.S. 1st Cavalry Division in 2008. .

Hurricane Katrina

The division provided headquarters control for National Guard units deployed to Louisiana in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.[27] while the 38th Infantry Division did the same for Mississippi.

Kosovo

A detachment of the 35th Infantry Division was the headquarters element for Task Force Falcon of Multi-National Task Force East (MNTF-E) for the NATO Kosovo Force 9 (KFOR 9) mission. The 35th provided command and control from 7 November 2007 until 7 July 2008, when they were succeeded by the 110th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade, Missouri Army National Guard.

Current structure
35th Infantry Division, June 2008

The 35th Infantry Division currently exercises training and readiness oversight over a special troops battalion, a weather flight unit, three infantry brigade combat teams, a combat aviation brigade, a maneuver enhancement brigade, and a field artillery brigade of the Army National Guard but they are not organic to the division. Specifically, these units are as follows:[28]

Readiness units:

Notable members
  • Captain Harry S Truman, President of the United States; commanded Battery D, 129th Field Artillery, 60th Artillery Brigade
  • Captain Alexander R. Skinker, Medal of Honor, WWI, Battle of the Meuse-Argonne, 138th Infantry Regiment
  • Private Nels Wold, Medal of Honor, WWI, Battle of the Meuse-Argonne, 138th Infantry Regiment
  • Second Lieutenant Erwin Russell Bleckley, Medal of Honor, WWI, Battle of the Meuse-Argonne, 130th Field Artillery Regiment (United States) Kansas
  • Staff Sergeant Junior J. Spurrier, Medal of Honor, WWII, Achain, France, 13 November 1944, Distinguished Service Cross, WWII, Lay St. Christopher, France, 16 September 1944, 134th Infantry Regiment (United States)

See also
  • Formations of the United States Army during World War I
  • Formations of the United States Army during World War II
  • Formations of the United States Army during the War on Terrorism
  • Meuse-Argonne order of battle
  • Normandy order of battle
  • Rhineland order of battle
  • Ardennes-Alsace order of battle
  • Clair Kenamore, military historian

Notes
  1. Clark, pp. 9-22.
  2. Wilson 1999, pp. 345-346.
  3. Wilson 1999, p. 346.
  4. Wilson 1999, p. 345.
  5. Wyllie, pp. 224-225.
  6. The Army Almanac, pp. 536-538.
  7. Heavey, pp. 95 & 99.
  8. Wilson 1998, pp. 47-78.
  9. Composition of National Guard Divisions and Disposition of Former National Guard Units. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1918. pp. 7–13.
  10. Clay, Vol. 1, p. 230-231
  11. Clay, Vol. 2, p. 821
  12. Clay, Vol. 1, p. 423
  13. Clay, Vol. 1, p. 424
  14. Clay, Vol. 1, p. 425
  15. Clay, Vol. 2, p. 816
  16. Clay, Vol. 2, p. 828
  17. Clay, Vol. 1, p. 231
  18. Presenting the 35th Infantry Division in World War II, 1941-1945, pp. 222-23
  19. Stanton, pp. 117-118
  20. Wilson 1998, pp. 180-206.
  21. Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths (Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, 1 June 1953)
  22. Tim Aumiller, Infantry Division Components, 76.
  23. Aumiller, 112.
  24. JonathanKoester (June 9, 2015). "'Screw-up' NCO highlights history of Midwest's storied 35th Infantry Division". NCO Journal. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  25. David Isby and Charles Kamps Jr., Armies of NATO's Central Front, Jane's Publishing Company, 1985, p.383.
  26. Isby and Kamps, 1985, 383.
  27. Maj. Les A. Melnyk, News analysis: Guard transformation taking shape, Army News Service, 13 January 2006
  28. AUSA, Torchbearer Special Report, 7 November 2005; "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 12, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  29. https://www.army.mil/article/229621/nebraska_stands_up_hooks_up_airborne_infantry_battalion Nebraska stands up, hooks up airborne infantry battalion
  30. https://www.army.mil/article/200004/oklahoma_army_national_guard_trains_on_flying_the_shadow

References

Further reading
Official
General information
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