12th Canadian Parliament
The 12th Canadian Parliament was in session from 15 November 1911 until 6 October 1917. The membership was set by the 1911 federal election on 21 September 1911, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1917 election. At 5 years, 10 months and 22 days, it was the longest parliament in Canadian history. The parliament was extended beyond the normal limit of five years by the British North America Act, 1916 as a result of World War I.
It was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden and the 9th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier. The last year of the wartime parliament was dominated by the Conscription Crisis of 1917. At the end of the parliament, a new ministry, the Union Government, was formed by Borden as a wartime coalition government including Liberals. Laurier refused to join and those Liberals who supported Borden took the name Liberal Unionists. The Union Government went on to win the 1917 federal election.
The Speaker was first Thomas Simpson Sproule, and later Albert Sévigny. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1907-1914 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were seven sessions of the 12th Parliament:
Session | Start | End |
---|---|---|
1st | 15 November 1911 | 1 April 1912 |
2nd | 21 November 1912 | 6 June 1913 |
3rd | 15 January 1914 | 12 June 1914 |
4th | 18 August 1914 | 22 August 1914 |
5th | 4 February 1915 | 15 April 1915 |
6th | 12 January 1916 | 18 May 1916 |
7th | 18 January 1917 | 20 September 1917 |
List of members
Following is a full list of members of the twelfth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.
Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.
Alberta
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Calgary | Richard Bedford Bennett | Conservative | |
Edmonton | Frank Oliver | Liberal | |
Macleod | David Warnock | Liberal | |
Medicine Hat | William Ashbury Buchanan | Liberal | |
Red Deer | Michael Clark | Liberal | |
Strathcona | James McCrie Douglas | Liberal | |
Victoria | William Henry White | Liberal |
British Columbia
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Comox—Atlin | Herbert Sylvester Clements | Conservative | |
Kootenay | Arthur Samuel Goodeve (until 4 May 1912 railway appointment) | Conservative | |
Robert Francis Green (by-election of 30 May 1912) | Conservative | ||
Nanaimo | Francis Henry Shepherd | Conservative | |
New Westminster | James Davis Taylor | Conservative | |
Vancouver City | Henry Herbert Stevens | Conservative | |
Victoria City | George Henry Barnard | Conservative | |
Yale—Cariboo | Martin Burrell (until 10 October 1911 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | |
Martin Burrell (by-election of 4 November 1911) | Conservative |
Manitoba
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Brandon | James Albert Manning Aikins | Conservative | |
Dauphin | Robert Cruise | Liberal | |
Lisgar | William Henry Sharpe | Conservative | |
Macdonald | William D. Staples (until 10 April 1912 commissioner appointment) | Conservative | |
Alexander Morrison (by-election of 12 October 1912, until election voided 10 November 1913) | Conservative | ||
Alexander Morrison (by-election of 13 December 1913) | Conservative | ||
Marquette | William James Roche (until 10 October 1911 Secretary of State appointment) | Conservative | |
William James Roche (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | ||
Portage la Prairie | Arthur Meighen (until 26 June 1913 Solicitor General appointment) | Conservative | |
Arthur Meighen (by-election of 19 July 1913) | Conservative | ||
Provencher | John Patrick Molloy | Liberal | |
Selkirk | George Henry Bradbury | Conservative | |
Souris | Frederick Laurence Schaffner | Conservative | |
Winnipeg | Alexander Haggart (resigned 11 October 1911) | Conservative | |
Robert Rogers (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative |
New Brunswick
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Carleton | Frank Broadstreet Carvell | Liberal | |
Charlotte | Thomas Aaron Hartt | Conservative | |
City and County of St. John | John Waterhouse Daniel (resigned 17 October 1911) | Conservative | |
John Douglas Hazen (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | ||
City of St. John | William Pugsley | Liberal | |
Gloucester | Onésiphore Turgeon | Liberal | |
Kent | Ferdinand Joseph Robidoux | Conservative | |
King's and Albert | George William Fowler | Conservative | |
Northumberland | William Stewart Loggie | Liberal | |
Restigouche | James Reid | Liberal | |
Sunbury—Queen's | Hugh Havelock McLean | Liberal | |
Victoria | Pius Michaud | Liberal | |
Westmorland | Henry Emmerson (died 9 July 1914) | Liberal | |
Arthur Bliss Copp (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Liberal | ||
York | Oswald Smith Crocket (until 11 December 1913 judicial appointment) | Conservative | |
Harry Fulton McLeod (by-election of 31 December 1913) | Conservative |
Nova Scotia
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Annapolis | Avard Longley Davidson | Conservative | |
Antigonish | William Chisholm | Liberal | |
Cape Breton South | William F. Carroll | Liberal | |
Colchester | John Stanfield | Conservative | |
Cumberland | Edgar Nelson Rhodes | Conservative | |
Digby | Clarence Jameson | Conservative | |
Guysborough | John Howard Sinclair | Liberal | |
Halifax* | Robert Laird Borden (until 10 October 1911 Prime Minister appointment) | Conservative | |
Alexander Kenneth Maclean | Liberal | ||
Robert Laird Borden (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | ||
Hants | Hadley Brown Tremain | Conservative | |
Inverness | Alexander William Chisholm | Liberal | |
Kings | Arthur de Witt Foster | Conservative | |
Lunenburg | Dugald Stewart | Conservative | |
North Cape Breton and Victoria | Daniel Duncan McKenzie | Liberal | |
Pictou | Edward Mortimer Macdonald | Liberal | |
Richmond | George William Kyte | Liberal | |
Shelburne and Queen's | Fleming Blanchard McCurdy | Conservative | |
Yarmouth | Bowman Brown Law | Liberal | |
Bowman Brown Law died in the 1916 Parliament fire | Vacant |
Ontario
Prince Edward Island
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
King's | James Joseph Hughes | Liberal | |
Prince | James William Richards | Liberal | |
Queen's* | Angus Alexander McLean | Conservative | |
Donald Nicholson | Conservative |
Quebec
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Argenteuil | George Halsey Perley | Conservative | |
Bagot | Joseph Edmond Marcile | Liberal | |
Beauce | Henri Sévérin Béland | Liberal | |
Beauharnois | Louis-Joseph Papineau | Conservative | |
Bellechasse | Joseph Octave Lavallée | Conservative | |
Berthier | Joseph Arthur Barrette | Conservative | |
Bonaventure | Charles Marcil | Liberal | |
Brome | George Harold Baker | Conservative | |
Chambly—Verchères | Joseph Hormisdas Rainville | Conservative | |
Champlain | Pierre Édouard Blondin (until 20 October 1914 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | |
Pierre Édouard Blondin (by-election of 7 November 1914) | Conservative | ||
Charlevoix | Joseph David Rodolphe Forget | Conservative | |
Chicoutimi—Saguenay | Joseph Girard | Independent Conservative | |
Châteauguay | James Pollock Brown (died 30 May 1913) | Liberal | |
James Morris (by-election of 11 October 1913) | Conservative | ||
Compton | Frederick Robert Cromwell | Conservative | |
Dorchester | Albert Sévigny (until 8 January 1917 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | |
Albert Sévigny (by-election of 27 January 1917) | Conservative | ||
Drummond—Arthabaska | Joseph Ovide Brouillard | Liberal | |
Gaspé | Louis-Philippe Gauthier | Conservative | |
Hochelaga | Louis Coderre (until 29 October 1912 Secretary of State appointment) | Conservative | |
Louis Coderre (by-election of 19 November 1912, until 6 October 1915 judicial appointment) | Conservative | ||
Esioff-Léon Patenaude (by-election of 15 October 1915) | Conservative | ||
Huntingdon | James Alexander Robb | Liberal | |
Jacques Cartier | Frederick Debartzch Monk (until 10 October 1911 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | |
Frederick Debartzch Monk (by-election of 27 October 1911, resigned 2 March 1914) | Conservative | ||
Joseph Adélard Descarries (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Conservative | ||
Joliette | Joseph Pierre Octave Guilbault | Conservative | |
Kamouraska | Ernest Lapointe | Liberal | |
Labelle | Honoré Achim | Conservative | |
Liberal | |||
Laprairie—Napierville | Roch Lanctôt | Liberal | |
L'Assomption | Paul-Arthur Séguin | Liberal | |
Laval | Charles Avila Wilson | Liberal | |
Lévis | Joseph Boutin Bourassa | Liberal | |
L'Islet | Eugène Paquet | Conservative | |
Lotbinière | Edmond Fortier | Liberal | |
Maisonneuve | Alphonse Verville | Labour | |
Maskinongé | Adélard Bellemare | Independent Conservative | |
Mégantic | Lucien Turcotte Pacaud | Liberal | |
Missisquoi | William Frederic Kay | Liberal | |
Montcalm | David Arthur Lafortune | Liberal | |
Montmagny | David Ovide L'Espérance | Conservative | |
Montmorency | Joseph David Rodolphe Forget | Conservative | |
Nicolet | Paul-Émile Lamarche | Conservative | |
Pontiac | Gerald Hugh Brabazon | Conservative | |
Portneuf | Michel-Siméon Delisle | Liberal | |
Quebec-Centre | Arthur Lachance | Liberal | |
Quebec County | Louis-Philippe Pelletier (until 10 October 1911 Postmaster General appointment) | Conservative | |
Louis-Philippe Pelletier (by-election of 27 October 1911, resigned 20 October 1914) | Conservative | ||
Thomas Chase Casgrain (by-election of 7 November 1914) | Conservative | ||
Quebec East | Wilfrid Laurier | Liberal | |
Quebec West | William Power | Liberal | |
Richelieu | Pierre-Joseph-Arthur Cardin (until election voided 29 April 1912) | Liberal | |
Pierre-Joseph-Arthur Cardin (by-election of 24 October 1912) | Liberal | ||
Richmond—Wolfe | Edmund William Tobin | Liberal | |
Rimouski | Herménégilde Boulay | Conservative | |
Rouville | Rodolphe Lemieux | Liberal | |
St. Anne | Charles Joseph Doherty (until 10 October 1911) | Conservative | |
Charles Joseph Doherty (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | ||
St. Antoine | Herbert Brown Ames | Conservative | |
St. Hyacinthe | Louis Joseph Gauthier | Liberal | |
St. James | Louis Audet Lapointe | Liberal | |
St. Johns—Iberville | Marie Joseph Demers | Liberal | |
St. Lawrence | Robert Bickerdike | Liberal | |
St. Mary | Médéric Martin | Liberal | |
Shefford | Georges Henri Boivin | Liberal | |
Sherbrooke (Town of) | Francis N. McCrea | Liberal | |
Soulanges | Wilfrid Laurier | Liberal | |
Stanstead | Charles Henry Lovell | Liberal | |
Témiscouata | Charles Arthur Gauvreau | Liberal | |
Terrebonne | Wilfrid Bruno Nantel (until 10 October 1911 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | |
Wilfrid Bruno Nantel (by-election of 27 October 1911, until 20 October 1914 railway appointment) | Conservative | ||
Gédéon Rochon (by-election of 8 February 1915) | Conservative | ||
Three Rivers and St. Maurice | Jacques Bureau | Liberal | |
Two Mountains | Joseph Arthur Calixte Éthier | Liberal | |
Vaudreuil | Gustave Benjamin Boyer | Liberal | |
Wright | Emmanuel Berchmans Devlin | Liberal | |
Yamaska | Albéric Archie Mondou | Conservative |
Saskatchewan
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Assiniboia | John Gillanders Turriff | Liberal | |
Battleford | Albert Champagne | Liberal | |
Humboldt | David Bradley Neely | Liberal | |
Mackenzie | Edward L. Cash | Liberal | |
Moose Jaw | William Erskine Knowles | Liberal | |
Prince Albert | James McKay (until 16 December 1914 judicial appointment) | Conservative | |
Samuel James Donaldson (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Conservative | ||
Qu'Appelle | Levi Thomson | Liberal | |
Regina | William Melville Martin | Liberal | |
Saltcoats | Thomas MacNutt | Liberal | |
Saskatoon | George Ewan McCraney | Liberal |
Yukon
Electoral district | Name | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
Yukon | Alfred Thompson | Conservative |
By-elections
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause | Retained | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dorchester | January 27, 1917 | Albert Sévigny | Conservative | Albert Sévigny | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue | Yes | ||
Toronto East | December 14, 1916 | Albert Edward Kemp | Conservative | Albert Edward Kemp | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Militia and Defence | Yes | ||
Hochelaga | October 15, 1915 | Louis Coderre | Conservative | Esioff-Léon Patenaude | Conservative | Appointed a judge of the Superior Court of Quebec | Yes | ||
Terrebonne | February 8, 1915 | Wilfrid Bruno Nantel | Conservative | Gédéon Rochon | Conservative | Appointed a Railway Commissioner | Yes | ||
Westmorland | February 1, 1915 | Henry R. Emmerson | Liberal | Arthur Bliss Copp | Liberal | Death | Yes | ||
Jacques Cartier | February 1, 1915 | Frederick D. Monk | Conservative | Joseph Adélard DesCarries | Conservative | Resignation (ill health) | Yes | ||
Prince Albert | February 1, 1915 | James McKay | Conservative | Samuel James Donaldson | Conservative | Appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Saskatchewan | Yes | ||
London | February 1, 1915 | George Adam Clare | Conservative | Frank Stewart Scott | Conservative | Death | Yes | ||
Waterloo South | February 1, 1915 | Thomas Beattie | Conservative | William Gray | Conservative | Death | Yes | ||
Champlain | November 7, 1914 | Pierre Édouard Blondin | Conservative | Pierre Édouard Blondin | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue | Yes | ||
Quebec County | November 7, 1914 | Louis-Philippe Pelletier | Conservative | Thomas Chase-Casgrain | Conservative | Resignation prior to being appointed a judge | Yes | ||
York | December 31, 1913 | Oswald Smith Crocket | Conservative | Harry Fulton McLeod | Conservative | Appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of New Brunswick | Yes | ||
Lanark South | December 13, 1913 | John Graham Haggart | Conservative | Adelbert Edward Hanna | Conservative | Death | Yes | ||
Macdonald | December 13, 1913 | Alexander Morrison | Conservative | Alexander Morrison | Conservative | Election declared void | Yes | ||
Bruce South | October 30, 1913 | James J. Donnelly | Conservative | Reuben Eldridge Truax | Liberal | Called to the Senate | No | ||
Middlesex East | October 21, 1913 | Peter Elson | Conservative | Samuel Francis Glass | Conservative | Death | Yes | ||
Châteauguay | October 11, 1913 | James Pollock Brown | Liberal | James Morris | Conservative | Death | No | ||
Portage la Prairie | July 19, 1913 | Arthur Meighen | Conservative | Arthur Meighen | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Solicitor General | Yes | ||
Hochelaga | November 19, 1912 | Louis Coderre | Conservative | Louis Coderre | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Secretary of State for Canada | Yes | ||
Carleton | October 30, 1912 | Edward Kidd | Conservative | William Foster Garland | Conservative | Death | Yes | ||
Richelieu | October 24, 1912 | Pierre-Joseph-Arthur Cardin | Liberal | Pierre-Joseph-Arthur Cardin | Liberal | Election declared void | Yes | ||
Macdonald | October 12, 1912 | William D. Staples | Conservative | Alexander Morrison | Conservative | Appointed Grain Commissioner for Canada | Yes | ||
Simcoe South | June 10, 1912 | Haughton Lennox | Conservative | William Alves Boys | Conservative | Appointed a judge | Yes | ||
Kootenay | May 30, 1912 | Arthur Samuel Goodeve | Conservative | Robert Francis Green | Conservative | Appointed a Railway Commissioner | Yes | ||
Renfrew South | February 22, 1912 | Thomas Andrew Low | Liberal | George Perry Graham | Liberal | Resignation | Yes | ||
Nipissing | November 8, 1911 | George Gordon | Conservative | Francis Cochrane | Conservative | Called to the Senate | Yes | ||
Leeds | November 6, 1911 | George Taylor | Conservative | William Thomas White | Conservative | Called to the Senate | Yes | ||
Yale—Cariboo | November 4, 1911 | Martin Burrell | Conservative | Martin Burrell | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture | Yes | ||
Halifax | October 27, 1911 | Robert Borden | Conservative | Robert Borden | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Prime Minister | Yes | ||
Elgin West | October 27, 1911 | Thomas Wilson Crothers | Conservative | Thomas Wilson Crothers | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Labour | Yes | ||
St. Anne | October 27, 1911 | Charles Doherty | Conservative | Charles Doherty | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Justice | Yes | ||
Toronto North | October 27, 1911 | George Eulas Foster | Conservative | George Eulas Foster | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Trade and Commerce | Yes | ||
City and County of St. John | October 27, 1911 | John Waterhouse Daniel | Conservative | John Douglas Hazen | Conservative | Resignation to provide a seat for Hazen | Yes | ||
Victoria | October 27, 1911 | Samuel Hughes | Liberal-Conservative | Samuel Hughes | Liberal-Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Militia and Defence | Yes | ||
Jacques Cartier | October 27, 1911 | Frederick Debartzch Monk | Conservative | Frederick Debartzch Monk | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Public Works | Yes | ||
Terrebonne | October 27, 1911 | Wilfrid Bruno Nantel | Conservative | Wilfrid Bruno Nantel | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue | Yes | ||
Quebec County | October 27, 1911 | Louis-Philippe Pelletier | Conservative | Louis-Philippe Pelletier | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Postmaster-General | Yes | ||
Grenville | October 27, 1911 | John Dowsley Reid | Conservative | John Dowsley Reid | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Customs | Yes | ||
Marquette | October 27, 1911 | William James Roche | Conservative | William James Roche | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Secretary of State for Canada | Yes | ||
Winnipeg | October 27, 1911 | Alexander Haggart | Conservative | Robert Rogers | Conservative | Resignation to provide a seat for Rogers | Yes |
References
- Government of Canada. "9th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 9 November 2006.
- Government of Canada. "12th Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 20 December 2006. Retrieved 30 November 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 14 September 2005. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 11 March 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 17 September 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.