Zygophyllaceae

Zygophyllaceae
Larrea tridentata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Clade:Rosids
Order:Zygophyllales
Family:Zygophyllaceae
R.Br.
Subfamilies

Larreoideae
Morkillioideae
Seetzenioideae
Tribuloideae
Zygophylloideae

Synonyms

Balanitaceae Endl. (1841)
Krameriaceae Dumort. (1829) (optional synonym)
Tribulaceae Trautv. (1853)[1]

Zygophyllaceae (/ˌzaɪɡoʊfəˈleɪsieɪ, ˌzɪ-/[2]) is a family, of flowering plants, that contain the bean-caper and caltrop. The family includes around 285 species in 22 genera.[3]

In the APG III system of classification, the families Zygophyllaceae and Krameriaceae compose the order Zygophyllales. In the previous version of their classification system, the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group had included the option of placing Krameria within Zygophyllaceae.

Zygophyllaceae are divided into five subfamilies. A molecular phylogeny of the family was published in 2000.[4] Phylogenies of groups within the family have also been published. A phylogeny of the southern African species of Zygophyllum was published in 2008.

Peganum was in Zygophyllaceae before being moved to the newly created family Nitrariaceae.

King Clone, a Creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) in California, may be the oldest living organism.

Genera

Subfamily Larreoideae
Subfamily Morkillioideae
  • Morkillia Rose & J.H.Painter
  • Sericodes A.Gray
  • Viscainoa Greene[7]
Subfamily Seetzenioideae
  • Seetzenia R.Br. ex Decne.[8]
Subfamily Tribuloideae
Subfamily Zygophylloideae[10]
Unplaced
  • Metharme Phil. ex Engl.
  • Plectrocarpa Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.[11]

Systematics

Modern molecular phylogenetics suggest the following relationships:[4][10]

Zygophyllales

 

Krameriaceae (outgroup)

 
Zygophyllaceae

 

Morkillioideae

 

Sericodes

 
 

 

Viscainoa

 
 

Morkillia

 
 
 
Tribuloideae

 

Sisyndite

 
 

 

Neoluederitzia

 
 

 

Balanites

 
 

 

Kallstroemia

 
 

 

Tribulopis

 
 

 

Kelleronia

 
 

Tribulus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Seetzenioideae

Seetzenia

 
 

Larreoideae

 

Guaiacum

 
 

 

Porlieria

 
 

 

Bulnesia

 
 

 

Pintoa

 
 

Larrea

 
 
 
 
 
Zygophylloideae

 

Tetraena

 
 

 

Zygophyllum sensu stricto

 
 

 

Roepera

 
 

 

Augea

 
 

 

Melocarpum

 
 

Fagonia

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


References

  1. ↑ "Zygophyllaceae R. Br., nom. cons". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Retrieved 2009-09-25.
  2. ↑ "zygophyllaceous". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House.
  3. ↑ Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
  4. 1 2 Sheahan MC, Chase MW. (2000). "Phylogenetic Relationships within Zygophyllaceae Based on DNA Sequences of Three Plastid Regions, with Special Emphasis on Zygophylloideae". Syst Bot. 25 (2): 371–384. doi:10.2307/2666648. JSTOR 2666648.
  5. ↑ Navarro G. (1997). "Izozogia nellii (Zygophyllaceae), nuevo género y especie del Gran Chaco de Santa Cruz (Bolivia)" [Izozogia nellii (Zygophyllaceae), a new genus and species from the Gran Chaco de Santa Cruz (Bolivia)]. Novon. 7 (1): 1–5.
  6. ↑ "Genera of Zygophyllaceae subfam. Larreoideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-15.
  7. ↑ "Genera of Zygophyllaceae subfam. Morkillioideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-15.
  8. ↑ "Genera of Zygophyllaceae subfam. Seetzenioideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-15.
  9. ↑ "Genera of Zygophyllaceae subfam. Tribuloideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-15.
  10. 1 2 Beier, B.-A.; Chase, M. W. & Thulin, M. (2003), "Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy of subfamily Zygophylloideae (Zygophyllaceae) based on molecular and morphological data", Plant Systematics and Evolution, 240 (1–4): 11–39, doi:10.1007/s00606-003-0007-0
  11. ↑ "Genera of Zygophyllaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-15.


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