Yamunakalyani

Yamunakalyani
Arohanam S R₂ G₃ P M₂ G₃ P D₂ N₃ D₂ Ṡ
Avarohanam Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₂ G₃ M₁ R₂ S

Yamunakalyani is the janya raga of Kalyani, the 65th Melakarta ragam.[1][2] It brings out Bhakthi, Sringara, Gambheera and Shantha rasas.

Raga Lakshana

Yamunakalyani is a Sampoorna Bhashanga Raga. Its arohana-avarohana is as follows:

  • Arohana: S R₂ G₃ P M₂ G₃ P D₂ N₃ D₂ Ṡ[lower-alpha 1]
  • Avarohana: Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₂ G₃ M₁ R₂ S[lower-alpha 2]

The swaras are Shadjam, Chathusruthi Rishabham, Antara Gandharam, Panchamam, Prathi Madhyamam, Chathusruthi Dhaivatham, Kakali Nishadam. Shudha Madhyama is seen in avarohana, but it must be used sparingly. Usually the avarohana is sung with a brief instance of M1[3] between G2 and R2.

The jeeva swaras are– R, G, M, D and N.

S, G, P and N forms the Graha swaras. M1 is the anya swara. The characteristic phrases of this raga are NDNR -NRNG – DNRG. PMRGR – GMR SNRS( Ranjaka prayogas).

Another type of this raga, with shadava-shadava scale, according to some sources[1][2] is as follows:

Compositions

Jamboopathe by Muthuswamy Dikshitar, set to Roopaka talam is a famous composition. Some other famous compositions in Yamunakalyani are Krishna Nee Begane by Vyasaraaya, Bhavayami Gopalam by Annamacharya, Pibare Ramarasam by Sashiva Brahmendra, O Rama Nee Nama by Bhadrachala Ramadas, Sri Ramachandra Kripalu by Sant Tulsidas and Haridasulu by Tyagaraja.

Notes

  1. ↑ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S R G P M̄ G P D N D Ṡ
    • Western: C D E G F# E G A B A C
  2. ↑ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ N D P M̄ G M R S
    • Western: C B A G F# E F D C
  3. ↑ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S R G P M̄ P D Ṡ
    • Western: C D E G F# G A C
  4. ↑ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ D P M̄ P G R S
    • Western: C A G F# G E D C

References

  1. 1 2 Rao, B.Subba (1996). Raganidhi: A Comparative Study Of Hindustani And Karnatak Ragas. Volume Four (Q to Z). Madras: The Music Academy. p. 220.
  2. 1 2 Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  3. ↑ Rao, B.Subba (1996). Raganidhi: A Comparative Study Of Hindustani And Karnatak Ragas. Volume Four (Q to Z). Madras: The Music Academy. p. 219.
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