Wolfgang Schwanitz

Wolfgang Schwanitz
Leader of the Office for National Security
Head of the Stasi
In office
17 November 1989 – 31 March 1990
Prime Minister Hans Modrow
Preceded by Erich Mielke
Succeeded by Stasi dissolved
Personal details
Born Wolfgang Schwanitz
(1930-06-26) 26 June 1930
Berlin, Weimar Republic
Political party Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Alma mater College of the Stasi

Wolfgang Schwanitz (born 26 June 1930) is a former East German communist official, who was the last head of the Stasi, the East German secret police. It was officially renamed the "Office for National Security" on 17 November 1989. Unlike his predecessor, Erich Mielke, he did not hold the title "Minister of State Security", but held the title of "Leader of the Office for National Security". Since the German reunification, he has been active as a historical revisionist and author of works that seek to portray the Stasi in a positive light.[1][2]

Career in East Germany

Early developments

Schwanitz was born in Berlin. He became a member of the Free German Youth when the German Democratic Republic was founded. In 1950, he became a member of the Society for German-Soviet Friendship (German: Gesellschaft für Deutsch-Sowjetische Freundschaft), and in 1953, of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, the ruling East German communist party. He worked for the Stasi from 1951, and studied at the college of the Stasi, where he earned a doctorate with a dissertion on "combating hostile tendencies among the youth" (German: Bekämpfung feindlicher Erscheinungen unter Jugendlichen) (the doctorate is not recognized in present-day Germany).

Between 1974 and 1986, he was head of Stasi in East Berlin. In 1986, he was appointed Stasi Lieutenant General and deputy of the Minister for State Security Erich Mielke.

Appointment as the "Leader of the Office of National Security"

During the collapse of the communist regime in the autumn of 1989, both the long-time Head of State of East Germany, Erich Honecker, and the long-time head of the Stasi, Erich Mielke, resigned from their positions.

Schwanitz was appointed the successor of Mielke as Leader of the Office for National Security and member of the Council of Ministers. The Stasi was dissolved on 31 March 1990.

After the German reunification

Schwanitz has been a leading member of the historical revisionist[1] organisation Gesellschaft zur Rechtlichen und Humanitären Unterstützung, consisting of Stasi veterans who defend the communist regime and the Stasi. On 14 March 2006, a discussion of the future of the Stasi museum Gedenkstätte Berlin-Hohenschönhausen was massively disturbed by Schwanitz and 200 Stasi veterans, who attacked people repressed by the Stasi, mocking them and describing them as "criminal elements". The incident caused a political scandal, and led to harsh criticism against the responsible senator, Thomas Flierl, who had remained silent after the attacks.

References

  1. 1 2 Karl Wilhelm Fricke: Geschichtsrevisionismus aus MfS-Perspektive, Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial, 2006
  2. ↑ Eckhard Jesse: Fakten und Erkenntnisse, keine Mythen und Legenden, Federal Agency for Civic Education

Literature

  • "Schwanitz, Wolfgang". Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur.
  • Hubertus Knabe, Die Täter sind unter uns. Über das Schönreden der SED-Diktatur, Propyläen, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-549-07302-5
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