Rabigh

Miqat al-Juhfah
al-Juhfah
Masjid Miqat al-Juhfah, Wadi Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
Nickname(s): One of the Miqat

Location of al Juhfah is ES. of Rabigh
Country Saudi Arabia
Province Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
Time zone UTC+3 (AST)

Rabigh (Arabic: رابغ‎) is an ancient town on the Red Sea coast of the Arabian Peninsula, now within the province of Makkah in Saudi Arabia. It is located 17 kilometers northwest of Masjid Miqat al-Juhfah.[1]

History

Ubaydah's Expedition in Batn Rabigh

According to Muslim historical sources, in April 623, the Prophet Muhammad sent Ubaydah ibn al-Harith with a party of sixty armed Muhajirun to the valley of Rabigh. They expected to intercept a Quraysh caravan that was returning from Syria under the protection of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and 200 armed riders.[2][3][4][5][6] The Muslim party travelled as far as the wells at Thanyat al-Murra,[2][5] where Ubaydah ibn al-Harith shot an arrow at the Quraysh. This is known as the first arrow of Islam.[7][8] Despite this surprise attack, "they did not unsheath a sword or approach one another," and the Muslims returned empty-handed;[3][4][5] however, two Meccan traders left their caravan, became Muslim, and went with the expedition back to Medina.[9]

Ghadir Khumm

The hadith of the pond of Khumm narrates that the Prophet Muhammad is reported to have pronounced Ali ibn Abi Talib the mawla (master) of those for whom Muhammad was mawla.[10] Shia Muslims take and claim this hadith as an announcement and investiture of Ali bin Abi Talib as the first caliph or successor after the Prophet's death and they celebrate this announcement each year as Eid al-Ghadeer. Many Sunnis also accept that the Prophet did actually declare Ali as the mawla, however they refuse to believe that this meant succession to the Prophet.

Part of the sermon is as follows:

O people, Allah the Most Kind the Omniscient has told me that no apostle lives to more than half the age of him who had preceded him. I think I am about to be called (to die) and thus I must respond. I am responsible and you are responsible, then what do you say?' They said, 'We witness that you have informed, advised and striven. May Allah bless you.' He said, 'Do you not bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and Apostle, and that His Heaven is true, His Hell is true, death is true, the Resurrection after death is true, that there is no doubt that the Day of Judgment will come, and that Allah will resurrect the dead from their graves?' They said, 'Yes, we bear witness.' He said, 'O Allah, bear witness.' Then he said, 'O people, Allah is my Lord and I am the lord of the believers. I am worthier of believers than themselves. Of whomsoever I had been Mawla, Ali here is to be his Mawla.[lower-alpha 1] O Allah, be a supporter of whoever supports him (Ali) and an enemy of whoever opposes him and divert the Truth to Ali.'

O people, I will go ahead of you and you will arrive at my Pond (in Heaven) which is wider than the distance between Basra and San'a. It has receptacles as numerous as the stars, and two cups of gold and two of silver. I will ask you about the two weighty things that I have left for you when you come to me to see how you dealt with them. The greater weighty thing is Allah's book—the Holy Qur'an. One end is in Allah's hand and the other is in your hands. Keep it and you will not deviate. That other weighty thing is my family (Ahl al-Bayt) and my descendents. The Most Kind the Omniscient had told me that both of them, would not separate until they come to my Pond.

According to a similar narration of the event, the Prophet said:

O people! Reflect on the Quran and comprehend its verses. Look into its clear verses and do not follow its ambiguous parts, for by Allah, none shall be able to explain to you its warnings and its mysteries, nor shall anyone clarify its interpretation, other than the one that I have grasped his hand, brought up beside myself,(and lifted his arm), the one about whom I inform you that whomever I am his Mawla, this Ali is his Mawla; and he is Ali Ibn Abi Talib, my brother, the executor of my will (Wasiyyi), whose appointment as your guardian and leader has been sent down to me from Allah, the mighty and the majestic.[12]

(Note, however, that these above quotes are part of Muhammad's speech. The full sermon that Muhammad delivered is much longer.)

Right after Muhammad finished delivering the speech, the following verse of the Qu'ran was revealed:[13][14][15]

This day have those who reject faith given up all hope of your religion: yet fear them not but fear Me. This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion (5:3).

See also

References

  • E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. 1987. p. 134. ISBN 90-04-08265-4.
  1. ↑ "Al-Juhfah | Hajj & Umrah Planner". hajjumrahplanner.com. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
  2. 1 2 Ibn Ishaq/Guillaume, p. 281.
  3. 1 2 Ibn Saad/Bewley, p. 37.
  4. 1 2 Haykal, M. H. (1935). Translated by al-Faruqi, I. R. A. (1976). The Life of Muhammad, p. 256. Chicago: North American Trust Publications.
  5. 1 2 3 Mubarakpuri, S. R. (1979). Ar-Raheeq Al-Maktum (The Sealed Nectar), p. 92. Riyadh: Darussalem Publishers.
  6. ↑ Hawarey, Dr. Mosab (2010). The Journey of Prophecy; Days of Peace and War (Arabic). Islamic Book Trust. ISBN 9789957051648. Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation available here
  7. ↑ Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher. A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims. p. 128.
  8. ↑ Muir, Sir William (1877). The Life of Mohammed. London.
  9. ↑ Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher. A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims. p. 128.
  10. ↑ "Ghadir Khumm". oxfordislamicstudies.com.
  11. ↑
  12. ↑ The Last Sermon of Muhammad by Shia Accounts
  13. ↑ al-Bahrani, Seyyed Hashim. Al-Burhan Fi Tafsir al-Quran. 1. pp. 434–437.
  14. ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Naser. Tafsir Nemooneh. 4. pp. 263–271.
  15. ↑ Sobhani, Ja'far. Al-Iman va al-Kofr fi al-Ketab va al-Sunnah. 1. p. 244.
  1. ↑ Man kunṫu mawlāhu fa-ʿAlī mawlāh (Arabic: مَـن كُـنـت مَـولاه فَـعَـلي مَـولاه‎).[11]

Coordinates: 22°48′N 39°02′E / 22.800°N 39.033°E / 22.800; 39.033

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