Vankarem

Vankarem
Ванкарем (Russian)
Ванкареман (Chukchi)
-  Rural locality[1]  -
Selo[1]

View of Vankarem village

Location of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in Russia
Vankarem
Location of Vankarem in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Administrative status (as of June 2009)
Country Russia
Federal subject Chukotka Autonomous Okrug[1]
Administrative district Iultinsky District[2]
Municipal status (as of June 2009)
Municipal district Iultinsky Municipal District[3]
Rural settlement Vankarem Rural Settlement[3]
Administrative center of Vankarem Rural Settlement[3]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 184 inhabitants[4][5]
Population (January 2016 est.) 166 inhabitants[6]
Time zone PETT (UTC+12:00)[7]
Postal code(s)[8] 689210
Dialing code(s) +7 42734[9]

Vankarem (Russian: Ванкарем; Chukchi: Ванкареман) is a village (selo) in Iultinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, in the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia, situated on Cape Vankarem on the coast of the Chukchi Sea. Population: 184 (2010 Census);[4] [5] Municipally, Vankarem is subordinated to Iultinsky Municipal District and incorporated as Vankarem Rural Settlement.[3]

Demographics

It is largely inhabited by indigenous Chukchi and Siberian Yupik people and has a population according to the most recent census results of 184,[4] of whom 98 were male and 86 female, a reduction on an estimate made in 2006 of 210 people.[10]

History

The origins of the name of the settlement are disputed.[10] Some people believe that the name is associated with the traditional beliefs commonly held by indigenous Asian Arctic peoples which equate sea creatures closely with humans and that the name comes from the Chukchi word "Vankaremen" meaning Tusk People, as indigenous hunters referred to their prey as "Walrus People".[10]

Other sources think that the name means "Temporarily Abandoned Bone Dwellings", a thought which has arisen due to puzzlement over the precise history of the settlement.[11] The Chukchi who arrived in the area in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries found well preserved homes built by a culture which they had previously not encountered and about which they knew nothing,[11] and it is speculated that the settlement might have been abandoned because the previous inhabitants died from some form of epidemic.[11] Indeed, Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld's expedition in the 1870s found a number of recently abandoned houses in the nearby village of Ryrkaypiy which were full of ivory carvings.[10]

The inhabitants of the village played a key role in the rescue of the passengers and crew aboard the SS Chelyuskin, when it was crushed by ices near Kolyuchin Island in 1934.[11]

Wildlife

In 2006, participants of the World Wildlife Fund Bear Patrol project reported that the village was as besieged by polar bears, with up to thirty polar bears visiting the village every night.[12]

Economy

The region's ancient coastal hunting and fishing cultures are preserved by the local population.

Transport

There is an airfield in the village however, Vankarem is not connected to any other part of the world by road. There is however a road network within the village including the following streets:[13]

  • улица Ленина (Ulitsa Lenina, lit. Lenin Street)
  • улица Прибойный (Ulitsa Priboyiniy)
  • улица Рынтыргина (Ulitsa Ryntyrgina)
  • улица Северная (Ulitsa Severnaya, lit. North Street)
  • улица Челюскинцев (Ulitsa Chelyuskintsev, lit. Chelyuskin Street)
  • улица Южная (Ulitsa Yuzhnaya, lit. South Street)

Climate

Vankarem has a Tundra climate (ET)[14] because the warmest month has an average temperature between 0 °C (32 °F) and 10 °C (50 °F).

Climate data for Vankarem
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1)		 0.8
(33.4)		 3.1
(37.6)		 2.9
(37.2)		 13.7
(56.7)		 23.6
(74.5)		 27.1
(80.8)		 27.4
(81.3)		 19.4
(66.9)		 6.8
(44.2)		 3.3
(37.9)		 3.3
(37.9)		 27.4
(81.3)
Average high °C (°F) −20.5
(−4.9)		 −22.1
(−7.8)		 −19.9
(−3.8)		 −13.2
(8.2)		 −2.3
(27.9)		 5.4
(41.7)		 10.2
(50.4)		 8.4
(47.1)		 4.0
(39.2)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 −10.3
(13.5)		 −18.1
(−0.6)		 −6.8
(19.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −23.9
(−11)		 −25.5
(−13.9)		 −23.8
(−10.8)		 −17.3
(0.9)		 −5.3
(22.5)		 2.0
(35.6)		 6.0
(42.8)		 5.0
(41)		 1.9
(35.4)		 −5.1
(22.8)		 −13.3
(8.1)		 −21.2
(−6.2)		 −10.0
(14)
Average low °C (°F) −27.3
(−17.1)		 −28.8
(−19.8)		 −27.3
(−17.1)		 −21.4
(−6.5)		 −8.2
(17.2)		 −0.4
(31.3)		 3.1
(37.6)		 2.7
(36.9)		 0.3
(32.5)		 −7.2
(19)		 −16.6
(2.1)		 −24.2
(−11.6)		 −12.9
(8.8)
Record low °C (°F) −44.9
(−48.8)		 −46.5
(−51.7)		 −44.6
(−48.3)		 −39.3
(−38.7)		 −28.0
(−18.4)		 −11.9
(10.6)		 −3.9
(25)		 −4.2
(24.4)		 −10.1
(13.8)		 −27.5
(−17.5)		 −36.3
(−33.3)		 −41.4
(−42.5)		 −46.5
(−51.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 3
(0.12)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 3
(0.12)		 6
(0.24)		 3
(0.12)		 6
(0.24)		 6
(0.24)		 3
(0.12)		 30
(1.2)
Average snowy days 12 9 7 11 12 4 0 1 6 16 16 12 106
Source: [15]

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Law #33, Article 12.2
  2. ↑ Directive #517-rp
  3. 1 2 3 4 Law #149, Article 8
  4. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. 1 2 The results of the 2010 Census are given for Vankarem Rural Settlement, a municipal formation of Iultinsky Municipal District. According to Law #149-OZ, Vankarem is the only inhabited locality on the territory of Vankarem Rural Settlement.
  6. ↑ Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2016 года (in Russian)
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ↑ Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation Archived 2012-02-07 at the Wayback Machine. Iultinsky District (in Russian)
  10. 1 2 3 4 Strogoff, p.126
  11. 1 2 3 4 Geography of Iultinsky District - Iultinsky Municipal District official website
  12. ↑ Vankarem village besieged by polar bears - World Wildlife Fund news article, December 6, 2006
  13. ↑ Pochtovik Mail Delivery Service Iultinsky District (in Russian)
  14. ↑ McKnight and Hess, pp.235-7
  15. ↑ "Архив климатических данных". climatebase.ru. Retrieved October 8, 2012.

Sources

  • Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №33-ОЗ от 30 июня 1998 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №55-ОЗ от 9 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня его официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №7 (28), 14 мая 1999 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #33-OZ of June 30, 1998 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #55-OZ of June 9, 2012 On Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of after ten days from the day of the official publication.). (in Russian)
  • Правительство Чукотского автономного округа. Распоряжение №517-рп от 30 декабря 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных и территориальных образований Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Распоряжения №323-рп от 27 июня 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Распоряжение Правительства Чукотского автономного округа от 30 декабря 2008 года №517-рп». Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (Government of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Directive #517-rp of December 30, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Formations of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Directive #323-rp of June 27, 2011 On Amending the Government of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Directive No. 517-rp of December 30, 2008. ). (in Russian)
  • Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №149-ОЗ от 24 ноября 2008 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Иультинского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №85-ОЗ от 20 октября 2010 г «Об упразднении сельского поселения Нутэпэльмен Иультинского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Чукотского автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №46/1 (373/1), 28 ноября 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #149-OZ of November 24, 2008 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #85-OZ of October 20, 2010 On the Abolition of Nutepelmen Rural Settlement of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.). (in Russian)
  • McKnight, Tom L; Hess, Darrel (2000). "Climate Zones and Types". Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-020263-0.
  • M Strogoff, P-C Brochet, and D. Auzias Petit Futé: Chukotka (2006). "Avant-Garde" Publishing House.
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