Vallur Thermal Power Station
| Vallur Thermal Power Station | |
|---|---|
 Vallur Thermal Power Plant as viewed from new Ennore creek road bridge | |
| Country | India |
| Location | Athipattu Pudunagar Vallur, Chennai Tamil Nadu |
| Coordinates | 13°14′2″N 80°18′21″E / 13.23389°N 80.30583°ECoordinates: 13°14′2″N 80°18′21″E / 13.23389°N 80.30583°E |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | September 2007 |
| Commission date |
Unit 1: October 2010 Unit 2: March 2011 Unit 3: September 2012 |
| Construction cost | ₹91.93 billion |
| Owner(s) | NTPC Limited and TANGEDCO |
| Operator(s) | NTPC Tamil Nadu Energy Company Limited |
| Thermal power station | |
| Primary fuel | Coal |
| Power generation | |
| Units operational | 3 x 500 MW |
| Nameplate capacity | 1,500 MW |
Vallur Thermal Power Station is a power plant located in Athipattu Pudunagar, Vallur in Thiruvallur district, North Chennai, India. The power plant is operated by NTPC Tamil Nadu Energy Company Limited, a joint venture between NTPC Limited and TANGEDCO and has three units with 500 MW each.[1]
In January 2014, the units in the power plant achieved a record generation of 24.09 million units of electricity.[2] The project adds nearly 24 million units a day to the grid. Tamil Nadu is the major beneficiary of power generated from this facility (about 750 MW), while some of it is supplied to Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Puducherry.[3]
The plant will consume 4.62 mt of coal a year. Coal for the plant will be brought from Orissa through ship to Ennore Port, from where it will be transported by pipe conveyor crossing ennore creek .[3]
Location
The power plant is located on a triangular tract of land between Ennore creek and Athipattu Pudhunagar railway station, southwest of Ennore Port.
Construction
The plant was established under the mega power project policy.[3] The erstwhile Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB) and the NTPC, in a joint venture, formed the NTPC Tamil Nadu Energy Company Limited. The foundation stone for the Vallur thermal plant was laid on 5 September 2007, with an estimated cost of ₹80 billion (€100 million),[4] and the ₹19,900-million main plant package to supply steam generators and turbine for stage I was awarded to Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), a state-run power equipments manufacturer, on 13 August 2007.[5][6] The projected was constructed in two phases: phase I with two 500 MW units at a cost of ₹54 billion and phase II with one 500 MW unit at a cost of ₹30 billion. Initially expected to be operational by 2010, the project was delayed due to the late implementation of the coal-handling facility established by the BHEL.[4] Erection of the boiler column began on 5 January 2009.[5]
In September 2009, the ₹130 million contract to supply units for Vallur was given to BHEL, which supplied and installed steam generator and steam turbine packages. BHEL was responsible for the design, engineering manufacture, supply, erection and commissioning of the steam generators, turbine generators, electrostatic precipitators and associated auxiliaries, and controls and instrumentation systems in the plant.[3]
The 216-tonne boiler drum of Unit I was erected in June 2010. Unit I was commissioned in March 2012 but operating at full capacity was delayed further due to problems with coal-handling facilities. Independent works on phase II began in 2010.[3]
The first, second and third units were synchronised with the grid on 9 March 2012, 26 February 2013 and 28 February 2014, respectively.[7] The total cost of the project without IDC was ₹91,930 million.[7] The plant commenced its commercial operation on 29 November 2012, with the operation of its first unit. The second unit commenced its commercial operations on 25 August 2013,[7] while that of the third unit was commenced on 28 February 2014.[8]
Cost and finance
The cost of phase I was ₹54 billion ($1.15 billion) and that of phase II was ₹30 billion ($639 million). The debt equity ratio of the project is 7:3. The Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) sanctioned ₹38 billion ($809 million) to meet the entire debt portion of the project. REC advanced a loan of ₹21 billion ($447 million) for the second phase in April 2010.[3]
Technology and operations
The boiler systems at the plant consists of single- or two-pass type, with front/rear/side mill layout, which can have single/bi-drum arrangement with natural or controlled circulation. There is constant or sliding pressure operation, and hot or cold primary air systems. Steam turbine operates at a speeds of 3,000 rpm. The main steam is at 130–250 bar at 500–540 °C. Steam reheat is at 30–70 and 500–600 °C. The back pressure is between 20 and 300 mbar.[3]
The plant has six induced draft cooling towers (IDCTs), which have a capacity of 30,000 m3/h with nine cells of 21 × 14 m each.[3] The IDCTs use seawater, which is drawn from the intake channel of North Chennai Thermal Power Station, and fresh water requirement is met from a desalination plant. The plant has adopted closed cycle re-circulating type cooling water system for its operations.[3][9]
The coal conveyor system in the plant includes a 4.4-km-long pipe conveyor with a capacity of 4,000 tonnes/hour, which is the world's largest pipe conveyor.[7]
The plant requires 13,400 tonnes of coal per day, and 53 percent of the need is met from domestic coalfields and the remainder through coal imports.[10]
Installed capacity
Following is the unit wise capacity of the 1500 MW plant.
| Stage | Unit Number | Installed Capacity (MW) | Date of Commissioning | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stage I | 1 | 500 | 29 November 2012 | Running[7] |
| Stage I | 2 | 500 | 25 August 2013 | Running[11] |
| Stage I | 3 | 500 | 28 February 2014 | Running[8] |
The share of Tamil Nadu would be 375 MW from each of the three units in the plant.[4]
Pollution and threats
The Vallur Thermal Power Station is polluting the Ennore Creek and thus has taken away the livelihood of many residents. Air pollution is one part of it, as toxic gases get free when coal is burned and the dust of the coal that is stored around the plants accesses the lungs while breathing. Data of the Central Pollution Control Board proves that the air in Athipattu Pudunagar and Ennore is unhealthy to breathe.[12] A huge threat to the environment in Athipattu Pudunagar, Vallur and the adjacent Ennore and Manali, Chennai is the fact that Fly ash from the ash pond of the Vallur Thermal Power Station is entering the Ennore Creek through a channel. [13] The Ennore Creek is threatened by the toxic ash; that contains heavy metals such as arsenic, boron, cadmium, chromium, mercury and selenium.[14] Heavy metals such as selenium bioaccumulate in fish and harm their ability to reproduce. This affects fish resources and in turn, livelihood of fishermen. In some areas the ash has reduced the depth of the creek from 14 feet below sea level to 2 to 4 feet. This reduces the creek´s ability to carry water, which is crucial, especially in times of flooding and in some areas makes it nearly impossible for fishermen to use their boats on the water.
See also
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vallur Thermal Power Station. |
References
- ↑ https://www.tangedco.gov.in/linkpdf/vallur.pdf
- ↑ PTI (8 March 2014). "Power generation suspended from second unit of Vallur plant". Business Line. Chennai: The Hindu. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Vallur Conventional Thermal Power Plant, India". Power-technology.com. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- 1 2 3 Ramakrishnan, T. (22 August 2012). "Vallur project to start power generation by October". The Hindu. Chennai: The Hindu. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- 1 2 "Vallur power plant works progressing". The Hindu. Chennai: The Hindu. 29 March 2009. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- ↑ "BHEL bags order for Vallur thermal power project". Live Mint. Tiruchirapalli: LiveMint.com. 5 September 2007. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Vallur Thermal Power Project". Tangedco.gov.in. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- 1 2 "NTPC's Unit III of 500 MW of Vallur Thermal Power Project commissioned". MoneyControl.com. 1 March 2014. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- ↑ "NTPC to set up 500 MW Vallur Thermal Power Project Stage-I, Phase-II at Thiruvallur". ThermalPowerIndustryFocus.net. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- ↑ Jagannath, G. (22 December 2013). "Coal shortage affects Unit-1 of Vallur plant". Deccan Chronicle. Chennai: Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- ↑ Jagannath, G. (27 August 2013). "Vallur unit II to give power relief for Tamil Nadu". Deccan Chronicle. Chennai: Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 30 Mar 2014.
- ↑ "CPCB: Continuous Ambient Air quality". Central Pollution Control Board. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
- ↑ "Death by a Thousand Cuts: Report of Public Hearing Held On Loss of Ecology and Fisher Livelihood in Ennore Creek" (PDF). Ennore Anaithu Meenava Grama Kootamaipu. April 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
- ↑ "Ennore Creek – Ecology and Violations" (PDF). The Coastal Resource Centre. Retrieved 23 June 2017.