UEFA coefficient

In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions. Introduced in 1979,[1] the coefficients are calculated by UEFA, who administer football within Europe.

For men's competitions (discussed in this article), three different sets of coefficients are calculated:

While not discussed in this article, coefficients are calculated in a similar fashion for women's competitions such as the UEFA Women's Euro[2] and the UEFA Women's Champions League,[3][4] as well as for youth tournaments such as the UEFA Euro U-21 tournament.[5]

National team coefficient

The UEFA national team coefficient is derived from the results of each European national football team, and is only calculated by UEFA every second year in November; defined as being the point of time when all UEFA nations have completed the qualification stage of the upcoming World Cup or European Championship tournament.

The purpose of calculating the coefficients is to compile an official UEFA rank, to be used as seeding criteria for the European nations, when drawing up qualification groups and the final tournament groups of the European Championship. Previously, up until 2006, the UEFA national team coefficient was also used for the seeded draw of World Cup qualification groups in Europe, while the draw for final tournament groups of the World Cup was always seeded on the basis of the official FIFA World Rankings. UEFA stopped using UEFA national team coefficients for the seeding of World Cup qualification groups at the request of FIFA to only use the official FIFA ranking for all seeded draws related to the World Cup tournament.

Old ranking and calculation method

It was first introduced in 2003 and used for seeding the 2004 European Final tournament and 2006 World Cup qualification. Until the end of the Euro 2008 tournament, the UEFA national team coefficient was calculated by dividing the number of all points scored (three points for a win, one for a draw) by the number of all matches played, in the last two qualification rounds of the World Cup or European Championship. Results from the final tournaments, Play-off matches and friendly games were all ignored. In those cases where a nation did not take part at one of the two latest qualifying rounds, due to being directly qualified as a host, only one qualifying round would be taken into account.

If two or more nations ended up with exactly the same coefficient, the following ranking criteria was applied:

  1. Highest coefficient from the matches played in the most recent qualifying competition.
  2. Biggest average goal difference per game, found by dividing the sum of all goal differences by the number of ranked matches.
  3. Highest average number of goals scored per game.
  4. Highest average number of away goals scored per game.
  5. Drawing of lots.

The last three times UEFA used this calculation method was for the final UEFA coefficients in 2003, 2005 and 2007.

Current ranking and calculation method

On 20 May 2008, UEFA announced changes to the coefficient ranking system.[6][7][8] The ranking will continue to be calculated every second year in November, but under the new system, teams now gain ranking points for each game played in the most recently completed full cycle (defined as all qualifying games and final tournament games) of both the World Cup and European Championship, with addition of ranking points for each game played at the latest completed half cycle (defined as all games played in the latest qualifying round). Ranking points for all games played inside those two and a half cycles, will be awarded according to the rules listed below.

  1. 10,000 points are awarded for each match played, regardless of the match result.
  2. Each team earns an additional 30,000 for winning and 10,000 for drawing.
  3. In case of a game decided by penalty shoot-out, the points are allocated as a draw, with the winner of the shoot-out gaining an additional 10,000 points.
  4. Each match at the final tournament, or play-offs to determine qualification, are also granted bonus points, ranging from 6,000 points for all play-offs or World Cup group stage games, to 38,000 points for playing a final.
  5. 501 points are earned for each goal scored, and -500 are given for each goal conceded.
  6. Coefficients are calculated for each two and a half cycle, by dividing the sum of earned points with the number of games played.
  7. When calculating the overall average coefficient for the cycles, the latest full cycle and half cycle will each have double the weight, compared to the oldest full cycle.
  8. Special arrangements are in place for those nations that did not participate in one of the previous qualifying tournaments due to hosting the competition.

Final ranking in 2017

The coefficients from 2017, to be used for the seeding and pot placements in the draw for 2018–19 UEFA Nations League, were calculated for each country by averaging:

The seeding and pot placements of the teams in the draw for the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League were based on the UEFA coefficients, determined on 11 October 2017, which are as follows:[9]

History

After the recalculation of the coefficient rankings for the 2007 cycle, Italy were ranked top following their FIFA World Cup victory in 2006. Runners-up France lay behind them in second place, followed by the Czech Republic. Spain overtook Italy to gain first place following their UEFA Euro 2008 win, with beaten finalists Germany moving into second; the Netherlands were third.

Spain consolidated their top spot by winning the 2010 FIFA World Cup, with the Netherlands jumping above Germany by finishing second in the tournament. In the 2013 rankings, Spain maintained top spot by winning their third major competition in a row - UEFA Euro 2012. Germany regained second, with the Dutch falling back to third place after failing to make it out of their group.

Germany climbed to the top of the 2015 rankings as a result of their 2014 FIFA World Cup success; Spain dropped behind them. England reached their highest position in the rankings - placed third. Germany held on to top spot in 2017, with new European champions Portugal in second; Belgium were third.

Year First Second Third
Team Coeff. Team Coeff. Team Coeff.
2007[7]  Italy 36,986  France 36,219  Czech Republic 36,025
2009[10]  Spain 39,964  Germany 38,294  Netherlands 37,821
2011[11]  Spain 43,116  Netherlands 40,860  Germany 40,446
2013[12]  Spain 42,158  Germany 41,366  Netherlands 38,541
2015[13]  Germany 40,236  Spain 37,963  England 35,963
2017[9]  Germany 40,747  Portugal 38,655  Belgium 38,123

Country coefficient

Map of UEFA countries whose teams have reached the group stage of the UEFA Champions League
  UEFA member country that has been represented in the group stage
  UEFA member country that has not been represented in the group stage
  Not a UEFA member

The country coefficient is used to rank the football associations of Europe, and thus determine the number of clubs from an association that will participate in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League.

The UEFA ranking determines the number of teams competing in the season after the next, not in the first season after the publication of the ranking. Thus, the rankings at the end of the 2017–18 season determine the team allocation by association in the 2019–20 (not 2018–19) UEFA season; however, the actual teams that will be participating in the 2019–20 UEFA season are determined at the end of the 2018–19 season when the individual association classifications and national cups are finalized.

This coefficient is determined by the results of the clubs of the associations in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League games over the past five seasons. Two points are awarded for each win by a club, and one for a draw (points are halved in the qualifying and playoff rounds). Results determined by extra time do count in determining the allocation of points, but results determined by penalty-shootouts do not affect the allocation of points, other than for bonus points given for qualification into the latter rounds of the Champions League or the Europa League. The number of points awarded each season is divided by the number of teams that participated for that association in that season. This number is then rounded down to three decimal places (e.g. 2⅔ would be rounded to 2.666).[14][15]

To determine a country's coefficient for a particular season, the coefficients for the last five seasons are added. Bonus points are added to the number of points scored in a season. Bonus points are allocated for:

  • Clubs that reach the quarter-finals, semi-finals, or final of either the UEFA Champions League or the UEFA Europa League (1 bonus point).
  • Clubs that qualify for the group stage of the Champions League (4 bonus points).
  • Clubs that qualify for the round of 16 of the Champions League (5 bonus points).

Current ranking

The ranking below takes into account of each association's performance in European competitions from 2014–15 to 2018–19, with the 2018–19 season currently taking place.

The final ranking at the end of the 2018–19 season will be used to determine the number of places for each association in the 2020–21 UEFA Champions League and 2020–21 UEFA Europa League.

As of 4 October 2018 the coefficients are as follows:[16][17]

Ranking Member association
(L: League, C: Cup, LC: League cup1)
Coefficient Teams Places in 2020–21 season
2019 2018 Mvmt 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 Total CL EL Total
110Spain Spain (L, C) 20.214 23.928 20.142 19.714 5.714 89.712 7/7 4 3 7
220England England (L, C, LC1) 13.571 14.250 14.928 20.071 4.928 67.748 6/7
330 -Italy Italy (L, C) 19.000 11.500 14.250 17.333 5.642 67.725 6/7
440Germany Germany (L, C) 15.857 16.428 14.571 9.857 5.928 62.641 7/7
550France France (L, C, LC1) 10.916 11.083 14.416 11.500 4.250 52.165 6/6 3 6
660Russia Russia (L, C) 9.666 11.500 9.200 12.600 4.083 47.049 5/6
770Portugal Portugal (L, C) 9.083 10.500 8.083 9.666 4.300 41.632 3/5 2 5
880Ukraine Ukraine (L, C) 10.000 9.800 5.500 8.000 2.600 35.900 3/5
990Belgium Belgium (L, C) 9.600 7.400 12.500 2.600 3.400 35.500 4/5
10100Turkey Turkey (L, C) 6.000 6.600 9.700 6.800 3.100 32.200 4/5
11143 +3Netherlands Netherlands (L, C) 6.083 5.750 9.100 2.900 4.200 28.033 2/5
1211-1 –1Austria Austria (L, C) 4.125 3.800 7.375 9.750 2.800 27.850 2/5
13174 +4Denmark Denmark (L, C) 2.900 5.500 8.500 5.250 4.625 26.775 1/4
14151 +1Greece Greece (L, C) 6.200 5.400 5.800 5.100 3.700 26.200 3/5
1512-3 –3Switzerland Switzerland (L, C) 6.900 5.300 4.300 6.500 2.700 25.700 2/5
16160Croatia Croatia (L, C) 6.875 4.500 5.125 5.125 3.250 24.875 1/4 1 4
1713-4 –4Czech Republic Czech Republic (L, C) 3.875 7.300 5.500 5.500 2.300 24.475 3/5
18191 +1Cyprus Cyprus (L, C) 3.300 3.000 5.500 7.000 4.125 22.925 2/4
19256 +6Serbia Serbia (L, C) 2.750 4.250 2.875 6.375 5.500 21.750 1/4
20266 +6Scotland Scotland (L, C) 4.000 3.000 4.375 4.000 5.250 20.625 2/4
21276 +6Belarus Belarus (L, C) 5.500 5.125 3.000 3.250 3.500 20.375 1/4
22220Sweden Sweden (L, C) 3.900 4.750 2.750 5.375 2.875 19.650 1/4
23296 +6Norway Norway (L, C) 2.200 7.250 1.375 4.000 4.625 19.450 2/4
2421-3 –3Poland Poland (L, C) 4.750 5.500 3.875 2.875 2.250 19.250 0/4
2518-7 –7Israel Israel (L, C) 1.375 2.250 6.750 5.625 2.625 18.625 0/4
26282 +2Kazakhstan Kazakhstan (L, C) 3.375 4.625 2.750 4.250 3.500 18.500 1/4
2723-4 –4Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (L, C) 3.625 4.375 4.250 4.375 1.875 18.500 1/4
2824-4 –4Bulgaria Bulgaria (L, C) 4.250 1.000 4.250 4.000 3.000 16.500 1/4
2920-9 –9Romania Romania (L, C) 5.125 2.250 3.300 2.900 2.375 15.950 0/4
30300Slovenia Slovenia (L, C) 4.000 1.000 2.250 4.625 3.125 15.000 0/4
31321 +1Slovakia Slovakia (L, C) 2.750 3.750 2.125 1.875 4.375 14.875 1/4
3231-1 –1Liechtenstein Liechtenstein (C2) 2.500 5.000 2.500 2.000 1.500 13.500 0/1 0 1 1
33363 +3Hungary Hungary (L, C) 2.125 1.625 1.875 1.625 2.000 9.250 1/4 1 3 4
34373 +3Republic of Macedonia Macedonia (L, C) 1.125 1.500 1.250 3.125 1.000 8.000 0/4
3533-2 –2Moldova Moldova (L, C) 1.750 1.250 0.875 2.750 1.125 7.750 0/4
3634-2 –2Albania Albania (L, C) 0.875 2.125 0.875 2.625 1.000 7.500 0/4
37392 +2Republic of Ireland Republic of Ireland (L, C) 2.000 0.700 2.625 1.125 1.000 7.450 0/4
38380Finland Finland (L, C) 2.400 1.000 1.750 1.250 0.875 7.275 0/4
3935-4 –4Iceland Iceland (L, C) 2.500 1.125 1.000 1.125 1.500 7.250 0/4
40400Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina (L, C) 1.750 1.500 0.500 1.375 2.000 7.125 0/4
41432 +2Lithuania Lithuania (L, C) 0.500 0.750 0.500 2.375 2.625 6.750 0/4
4241-1 –1Latvia Latvia (L, C) 0.250 1.625 1.375 0.750 1.625 5.625 0/4
43485 +5Luxembourg Luxembourg (L, C) 0.500 0.750 0.750 0.875 2.375 5.250 1/4
44462 +2Armenia Armenia (L, C) 0.375 1.625 1.125 0.625 1.500 5.250 0/4
45472 +2Malta Malta (L, C) 0.125 0.875 1.250 1.375 1.500 5.125 0/4
4642-4 –4Estonia Estonia (L, C) 1.500 1.000 1.375 0.625 0.500 5.000 0/4
4745-2 –2Georgia (country) Georgia (L, C) 1.250 0.625 1.125 0.125 1.625 4.750 0/4
48502 +2Wales Wales (L, C) 0.125 1.500 1.000 0.500 1.000 4.125 0/4
4944-5 –5Montenegro Montenegro (L, C) 0.750 1.000 0.875 1.125 0.375 4.125 0/4
50511 +1Faroe Islands Faroe Islands (L, C) 1.375 0.375 0.375 0.750 1.125 4.000 0/4
51521 +1Gibraltar Gibraltar (L, C) 0.250 0.750 1.500 0.500 1.000 4.000 0/3
5249-3 –3Northern Ireland Northern Ireland (L, C) 1.375 0.750 0.500 0.750 0.500 3.875 0/4 2 3
53552 +2Kosovo Kosovo (L3, C)
Not a UEFA member
No entry 0.000 2.500 2.500 0/2
5453-1 –1Andorra Andorra (L, C) 0.500 0.166 0.166 0.166 0.833 1.831 0/3
5554-1 –1San Marino San Marino (L, C) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.166 0.500 0.666 0/3 1 2
  Indicates active countries which have all their teams still competing in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.
  Indicates active countries which have some teams still competing in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.
  Indicates countries which have no teams remaining in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.

1 The winners of the league cups of England and France are given a place in the UEFA Europa League by special permission from UEFA (replacing the lowest-ranked league team which would have qualified).
2 The Liechtenstein Football Association does not organize a national league competition and all its seven clubs compete in the Swiss football league system.[18][19] As a result, the only competitor from Liechtenstein in European competitions is the Liechtenstein Cup winners, who qualify for the UEFA Europa League.[19]
3 The Football Federation of Kosovo became a UEFA member on 3 May 2016.[20] The participation of their domestic league champions in the UEFA Champions League and their domestic cup winners in the UEFA Europa League were to be confirmed following the assessment of club licensing criteria by 31 May 2016,[21] but was denied by UEFA in June due to the clubs failing licensing requirements or provision of suitable stadiums (as UEFA did not allow them to play their home matches in a foreign country).[22][23]

UEFA uses this coefficient system to decide which teams gain automatic entry to the group stage and which teams must go through qualifying. The teams who occupy the top four league places in the countries ranked 1 to 4 in UEFA competition gain automatic entry into the group stages for the following season’s Champions League competition. The first and second placed teams of the country ranked 5 and 6 also gain automatic entry as do the champions in the countries ranked 7 to 11. The Champions League and Europa League winners also get the chance to participate in the following season’s competition, with the Champions League title holders guaranteed an automatic entry into the group stage.

Further information on Liechtenstein's status and similar cases

According to the UEFA regulations a National League needs to consist of at least eight clubs to be considered valid, otherwise no participants of such a league will be allowed to enter European competitions.

  • There are only seven clubs that are active in Liechtenstein, all of which play in neighbouring Switzerland's league competitions.
  • The league of Gibraltar used to have only six teams, but were expanded to eight in 2013–14 after admission to UEFA, to fulfill the requirement for entry into UEFA competitions starting from the 2014–15 season.[24]
  • Prior to the introduction of the Welsh Premier League in 1992 Wales also had a single participant in European competitions, the winner (or best placed Welsh team as several English teams also competed) of the Welsh Cup, in the now defunct UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.

History

La LigaPremier LeagueLa LigaSerie ABundesligaSerie AFootball League First DivisionBundesligaFootball League First DivisionLa Liga

The original European competition, the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, was limited to certain clubs and/or by invitation, so no coefficient calculation was necessary.

Following the introduction of the UEFA Cup in 1971, the competition began to grow in complexity. UEFA began to publish rankings in 1979,[1] to identify the number of participants for each country in the UEFA Cup.

Subsequently, for statistical purposes, various rankings were introduced to portray the history of competitions. According to the prorated (extended) calculation system, only four leagues have succeeded in being ranked as the top European league.[25]

Following the Heysel Stadium disaster, all English teams were banned from UEFA competitions in 1985. The ban was only lifted after five seasons, with the knock-on effects continuing to impact on the First Division and then the Premier League for a total of nine years from 1986 to 1994.[26] Having been top in 1985, England were unranked in 1990,[27] and would not regain the top position until 2008.[28]

Top leagues by period

The following data indicates the two top-ranked leagues in each five-year period.[29] Data prior to 1975–1979 period has been calculated, but precedes the first published by the Confederation and has merely informative value.[29] The color change indicates the change in the method of assigning points adopted by the UEFA.

Years 1st Place Coeff. 2nd Place Coeff.
1956–1960 Spain La Liga 70.833 France Ligue 1 40.500
1957–1961 Spain La Liga 68.333 England Football League 41.666
1958–1962 Spain La Liga 71.933 England Football League 34.666
1959–1963 Spain La Liga 68.433 Italy Serie A 32.500
1960–1964 Spain La Liga 66.833 Italy Serie A 39.700
1961–1965 Spain La Liga 52.333 Italy Serie A 43.128
1962–1966 Spain La Liga 53.333 England Football League 42.682
1963–1967 England Football League 45.482 Spain La Liga 41.733
1964–1968 England Football League 49.016 Hungary Nemzeti Bajnokság 43.665
1965–1969 England Football League 53.701 Hungary Nemzeti Bajnokság 53.665
1966–1970 England Football League 51.951 Hungary Nemzeti Bajnokság 46.415
1967–1971 England Football League 51.660 Hungary Nemzeti Bajnokság 40.999
1968–1972 England Football League 53.431 Hungary Nemzeti Bajnokság 41.666
1969–1973 England Football League 53.231 Netherlands Eredivisie 41.200
1970–1974 England Football League 54.279 Netherlands Eredivisie 43.500
1971–1975 England Football League 47.779 West Germany Bundesliga 46.331
1972–1976 West Germany Bundesliga 48.950 Netherlands Eredivisie 43.600
1973–1977 West Germany Bundesliga 51.902 England Football League 41.999
1974–1978 West Germany Bundesliga 48.783 Netherlands Eredivisie 43.450
1975–1979 West Germany Bundesliga 52.617 Netherlands Eredivisie 39.200
1976–1980 West Germany Bundesliga 53.998 England Football League 38.426
1977–1981 West Germany Bundesliga 52.284 England Football League 38.760
1978–1982 West Germany Bundesliga 51.999 England Football League 37.902
1979–1983 West Germany Bundesliga 54.118 Spain La Liga 34.999
1980–1984 West Germany Bundesliga 43.618 England Football League 37.950
1981–1985 England Football League 41.093 Italy Serie A 38.800
1982–1986 Italy Serie A 39.466 West Germany Bundesliga 37.332
1983–1987 Italy Serie A 41.716 Soviet Union Top League 37.250
1984–1988 Italy Serie A 41.082 Soviet Union Top League 37.550
1985–1989 Italy Serie A 42.498 West Germany Bundesliga 41.093
1986–1990 West Germany Bundesliga 45.427 Italy Serie A 43.212
Years 1st Place Coeff. 2nd Place Coeff.
1987–1991 Italy Serie A 48.171 Germany Bundesliga 43.594
1988–1992 Italy Serie A 52.837 Germany Bundesliga 42.927
1989–1993 Italy Serie A 60.337 France Ligue 1 40.450
1990–1994 Italy Serie A 62.313 France Ligue 1 45.150
1991–1995 Italy Serie A 63.884 France Ligue 1 45.283
1992–1996 Italy Serie A 61.259 France Ligue 1 45.408
1993–1997 Italy Serie A 60.735 Spain La Liga 46.532
1994–1998 Italy Serie A 59.640 Germany Bundesliga 49.932
1995–1999 Italy Serie A 57.212 Spain La Liga 49.628
1996–2000 Spain La Liga 59.599 Italy Serie A 55.927
1997–2001 Spain La Liga 65.210 Italy Serie A 56.239
1998–2002 Spain La Liga 68.467 Italy Serie A 58.668
1999–2003 Spain La Liga 75.539 Italy Serie A 62.311
2000–2004 Spain La Liga 79.851 England Premier League 62.153
2001–2005 Spain La Liga 73.717 England Premier League 63.224
2002–2006 Spain La Liga 72.748 Italy Serie A 66.731
2003–2007 Spain La Liga 76.891 England Premier League 68.540
2004–2008 England Premier League 75.749 Spain La Liga 75.266
2005–2009 England Premier League 79.499 Spain La Liga 74.266
2006–2010 England Premier League 81.856 Spain La Liga 79.757
2007–2011 England Premier League 85.785 Spain La Liga 82.329
2008–2012 England Premier League 84.410 Spain La Liga 84.186
2009–2013 Spain La Liga 88.025 England Premier League 82.963
2010–2014 Spain La Liga 97.713 England Premier League 84.748
2011–2015 Spain La Liga 99.999 England Premier League 80.391
2012–2016 Spain La Liga 105.713 Germany Bundesliga 80.177
2013–2017 Spain La Liga 104.998 Germany Bundesliga 79.498
2014–2018 Spain La Liga 106.998 England Premier League 79.605

The table shows the ranking of nations with respect to the total number of years in the top two of the rankings:

As of 26 May 2018
League 1st 2nd
Spain La Liga 21 9
England First Division/Premier League 15 15
Italy Serie A 13 10
Germany Bundesliga 10 8
Netherlands Eredivisie 0 5
France Ligue 1 0 5
Hungary Nemzeti Bajnokság 0 5
Soviet Union Top League 0 2

Club coefficient

The club coefficient rankings are determined by the results of clubs in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League over the previous five seasons, as well as by the coefficient of the clubs' association. The club coefficient is the sum of the points earned by the club over the five seasons, but no less than 20% of the club's association coefficient.[30] Prior to the 2018 club rankings, teams received the sum of their points earned over the last five seasons plus 20% of the club's association coefficient.[31][32]

The clubs receive two points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a defeat in games of the main stages of the Champions League and the Europa League. Results determined after extra-time are included in this method, however results determined after penalty shoot-outs are not (the result is considered a draw). Bonus points for entering the Europa League group stage are not additional to win/draw points; they provide a minimum points allowance for participating clubs, whereas bonus points for entering the Champions League group stage (and those for qualifying to the knockout stage) are additional to win/draw points.

Qualifying round results are only taken into account if the team is eliminated in one of the rounds (see table below). Otherwise, the qualifying round results are taken into account only for the calculation of the association's coefficient and are halved.[31] The clubs do not receive any points for elimination in the Champions League qualifying because those teams move to the Europa League and receive points from participation in that competition.[32]

Round Points awarded
Champions League Europa League
Preliminary Round elimination 0.5
First qualifying round elimination 1.0
Second qualifying round elimination 1.5
Third qualifying round elimination 2
Play-off elimination 2.5
Group stage participation 4 3 (minimum)
Win in group stage or subsequent round 2 2
Draw in group stage or subsequent round 1 1
Round of 16 participation 5
Quarter-finals, semi-finals, and finals participation 1 1

This ranking is used by UEFA to determine a club's seeding in club competition draws, including the preliminary and first rounds of the Champions League, and the preliminary, first and second rounds of the Europa League.

Before 1999 a number of strong teams in the UEFA Cup were seeded such that those teams did not meet in the first two rounds. To determine these teams, the sum of the ratio of the number of points achieved to the number of games played by each team, was calculated for the past five years.

UEFA team ranking

The top 25 clubs as of 4th October 2018 are as follows.[33][34]

Ranking Club Association Coefficient
2019 2018 Mvmt 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 Total Country Part
110Real MadridSpain Spain 29.000 33.000 33.000 32.000 6.000 133.000 17.942
2 42 +2BarcelonaSpain Spain 34.000 26.000 23.000 25.000 8.000 116.000 17.942
322 –1Atlético MadridSpain Spain 22.000 28.000 29.000 28.000 8.000 115.000 17.942
432 –1Bayern MunichGermany Germany 28.000 29.000 22.000 29.000 7.000 115.000 12.528
550JuventusItaly Italy 29.000 18.000 33.000 23.000 8.000 111.000 13.545
660SevillaSpain Spain 28.000 23.000 19.000 21.000 3.000 94.000 17.942
770Paris Saint-GermainFrance France 21.000 24.000 20.000 19.000 6.000 90.000 10.433
880Manchester CityEngland England 15.000 26.000 18.000 22.000 6.000 87.000 13.549
990ArsenalEngland England 20.000 15.000 19.000 21.000 4.000 79.000 13.549
10 111 +1PortoPortugal Portugal 25.000 11.000 17.000 17.000 7.000 77.000 8.326
11144 +3Shakhtar DonetskUkraine Ukraine 17.000 20.000 14.000 19.000 6.000 76.000 7.180
12102 –2Borussia DortmundGermany Germany 18.000 17.000 22.000 10.000 8.000 75.000 12.528
13218 +8RomaItaly Italy 12.000 14.000 13.000 25.000 6.000 70.000 13.545
14 162 +2NapoliItaly Italy 22.000 13.000 17.000 10.000 7.000 69.000 13.545
15228 +7LiverpoolEngland England 10.000 22.000 0.000 30.000 6.000 68.000 13.549
16125 –4Manchester UnitedEngland England 0.000 13.000 26.000 20.000 7.000 66.000 13.549
17162 –1Zenit Saint PetersburgRussia Russia 17.000 19.000 12.000 14.000 3.000 65.000 9.409
18 127 –6ChelseaEngland England 21.000 18.000 0.000 18.000 4.000 61.000 13.549
19268 +7MonacoFrance France 21.000 5.000 25.000 6.000 4.000 61.000 10.433
20267 +6BeşiktaşTurkey Turkey 11.000 7.000 20.000 19.000 3.000 60.000 6.440
21158 –6BenficaPortugal Portugal 8.000 22.000 17.000 4.000 6.000 57.000 8.326
22220Dynamo KyivUkraine Ukraine 16.000 18.000 8.000 12.000 3.000 57.000 7.180
23193 –4Tottenham HotspurEngland England 9.000 12.000 10.000 21.000 4.000 56.000 13.549
24 329 +8VillarrealSpain Spain 12.000 23.000 9.000 8.000 3.000 55.000 17.942
25187 –7BaselSwitzerland Switzerland 15.000 12.000 6.000 19.000 2.500 54.500 5.140
  Indicates teams still active in this year's UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League.
  Indicates teams from active countries in this year's UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League.
  Indicates teams from countries which have no teams remaining in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.

Top club by period

The following data indicate the top-ranked clubs in each 5-year period.[29] Data prior to 1975–1979 period has been calculated, but precedes the first published by the Confederation and has merely informative value.[29]

Years Club Coeff.
1975–1979 West Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach 8.402
1976–1980 West Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach 7.985
1977–1981 Spain Barcelona 7.652
1978–1982 Spain Barcelona 7.832
1979–1983 Spain Barcelona 7.998
1980–1984 England Liverpool 8.277
1981–1985 England Liverpool 9.054
1982–1986 Belgium Anderlecht 7.915
Italy Juventus 7.915
1983–1987 Italy Juventus 8.665
1984–1988 Italy Juventus 8.388
1985–1989 West Germany Bayern Munich 7.846
1986–1990 West Germany Bayern Munich 8.096
1987–1991 Italy Juventus 8.291
1988–1992 Spain Real Madrid 7.975
1989–1993 Spain Real Madrid 7.850
1990–1994 Spain Real Madrid 7.600
1991–1995 Spain Real Madrid 7.266
1992–1996 Netherlands Ajax 9.124
1993–1997 Italy Juventus 8.719
Years Club Coeff.
1994–1998 France Paris Saint-Germain 8.716
1995–1999 Italy Juventus 121.606
1996–2000 Italy Juventus 109.963
1997–2001 Spain Real Madrid 114.605
1998–2002 Spain Real Madrid 147.233
1999–2003 Spain Real Madrid 151.769
2000–2004 Spain Real Madrid 146.350
2001–2005 Spain Real Madrid 131.326
2002–2006 Italy Milan 129.020
2003–2007 Italy Milan 133.808
2004–2008 England Chelsea 124.996
2005–2009 Spain Barcelona 121.853
2006–2010 Spain Barcelona 136.951
2007–2011 England Manchester United 151.157
2008–2012 Spain Barcelona 157.837
2009–2013 Spain Barcelona 157.605
2010–2014 Spain Real Madrid 161.542
2011–2015 Spain Real Madrid 171.999
2012–2016 Spain Real Madrid 176.142
2013–2017 Spain Real Madrid 176.999
2014–2018 Spain Real Madrid 162.000

Top-rated clubs listed by number of times they were top-ranked over a 5-year period since the first period officially analysed (1975–1979):

Rank Club Total
1 Spain Real Madrid 14
2 Italy Juventus 7
Spain Barcelona 7
4 West Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach 2
Germany Bayern Munich 2
England Liverpool 2
Italy Milan 2
8 Netherlands Ajax 1
Belgium Anderlecht 1
France Paris Saint-Germain 1
England Chelsea 1
England Manchester United 1

Criticisms

The UEFA coefficient system has been criticised for being likely to preserve the status quo for rankings and seedings, as well as for favouring teams from stronger leagues.[35]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Patric Andersson; Peter Ayton; Carsten Schmidt (2009). Myths and Facts about Football: The Economics and Psychology of the World's Greatest Sport. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 136. ISBN 14-4381-525-X.
  2. "UEFA Women's National Team Coefficient Ranking" (PDF). UEFA.com. 25 October 2012.
  3. "UEFA Women's Champions League Association Coefficient Ranking" (PDF). UEFA.com.
  4. "UEFA Women's Champions League 2012/13 Entry List" (PDF). UEFA.com.
  5. "Spain and Israel top seeds for Under-21 draw". UEFA.com. 19 October 2012.
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  9. 1 2 "National Team Coefficients Overview" (PDF). UEFA.com. Union of European Football Associations. 11 October 2017. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
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  13. "National Ranking UEFA 2015". footballseeding.com. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  14. "UEFA Country Coefficients 2012-2013". UEFA. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
  15. "Regulations of UEFA Champions League" (PDF). UEFA. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  16. "UEFA Country Ranking 2019". kassiesa.home.xs4all.nl. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  17. uefa.com. "Member associations - UEFA rankings - Country coefficients – UEFA.com". UEFA.com. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  18. "Border crossing". When Saturday Comes (WSC). July 2008. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
  19. 1 2 "Liechtenstein making strides (Liechtenstein's profile)". UEFA. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
  20. "Football Federation of Kosovo joins UEFA". UEFA. 3 May 2016.
  21. "Timeline for UEFA Presidential elections decided". UEFA. 18 May 2016.
  22. https://www.b92.net/eng/news/society.php?yyyy=2016&mm=06&dd=03&nav_id=98208
  23. "Infrastruktura i lë jashtë Evropës!". zeri.info. 2 June 2016.
  24. "Gibraltar Premier Division to expand". Gibraltar Football. 7 June 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
  25. UEFA European Cup Coefficients Database (Bert Kassies)
  26. "UEFA Country Ranking 1985". Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  27. "UEFA Country Ranking 1990". Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  28. "UEFA Country Ranking 2008". Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  29. 1 2 3 4 "UEFA European Cup Coefficients Database". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  30. "Evolution of UEFA club competitions from 2018". UEFA.com. 26 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  31. 1 2 "UEFA Coefficients calculation method". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 28 August 2010.
  32. 1 2 "UEFA Club Coefficients 2012-2013". UEFA. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
  33. "UEFA Team Ranking 2018–19". kassiesa.home.xs4all.nl. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  34. uefa.com. "Member associations - UEFA rankings - Club coefficients – UEFA.com". UEFA.com. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
  35. Chris Bevan (28 August 2013). "How Uefa's seeding system helps Arsenal & hinders Celtic". BBC Sport. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
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