12 cm/45 3rd Year Type naval gun

Type 3 120 mm 45 caliber naval gun
Bow gun on Yunagi, September 1936
Type Naval gun
Coast defense gun
Place of origin Japan
Service history
In service 1918-1945
Used by  Imperial Japanese Navy
Wars World War I
World War II
Production history
Designed 1895
Variants Type 11
Specifications
Weight 3,240 kilograms (7,140 lb)
Barrel length 5.4 metres (18 ft) bore
Caliber 120 millimetres (4.72 in)
Action manual
Breech single motion interrupted screw Welin breech block
Elevation -7° - +33°
Traverse +120°- 120°
Rate of fire 5-6 rounds per minute
Muzzle velocity 825 m/s (2,710 ft/s)
Effective firing range 16,000 metres (17,000 yd) at 33°

12 cm/45 3rd Year Type naval gun was a Japanese naval gun and coast defense gun used on destroyers, submarines and torpedo boats of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War I and World War II.

Design and development

The 12 cm/45 gun designed in 1895 was an indigenous variant of an Elswick Ordnance Company export design known as the Pattern Y. The Japanese designation was the "Type 41". Later in 1921 the 12 cm/45 gun was used as the basis for a high-angle anti-aircraft gun, designated the 12 cm/45 10th Year Type[1] The "Third Year Type" refers to the Welin breech block used and this should not be confused with the later Type 3 12 cm AA Gun developed by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1943. In the Japanese Army artillery naming system, "Type 3" refers to the year of introduction, rather than the type of breech block used.

A re-design in 1922 called the 12 cm/45 11th Year Type (Model 1922) with a shorter gun barrel and a horizontal sliding breech-block was used on submarines and torpedo boats. The 12 cm/45 was manually loaded and fired a 20.3 kilograms (45 lb) High-explosive, a illumination shell or after 1943 an anti-submarine shell.

See also

Weapons of comparable role, performance and era

References

  1. ↑ http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNJAP_47-45_10ns.php
  • Bishop, Chris (eds) The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II. Barnes & Nobel. 1998. ISBN 0-7607-1022-8
  • Campbell. John. Naval Weapons of World War Two", Naval Institute Press (1986). ISBN 0-87021-459-4
  • Chant, Chris. Artillery of World War II, Zenith Press, 2001, ISBN 0-7603-1172-2
  • DiGiulian, Tony. "12 cm/45 (4.7") 3rd Year Type". NavWeaps.com.
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