Toyota Corolla (E80)

Toyota Corolla E80
Overview
Manufacturer Toyota
Also called Corolla Levin/Sprinter Trueno AE85/86
Toyota Corolla Sprinter
Production 1983–1987
February 1985 – December 1988 (Australia)[1]
1986-1990 (Venezuela)[2] (AE82 Sedan)
Assembly Toyota City, Japan
Fremont, California (FX) (NUMMI)
Cumana, Sucre, Venezuela[2]
Durban, South Africa
Thames, New Zealand
Australia
North Jakarta, Indonesia
Body and chassis
Body style 3/5-door hatchback (FX)
4-door sedan
4-door sedan (six-window)
5-door liftback
2-door coupé (RWD)
3-door hatchback coupé (RWD)
Layout Front engine, front-wheel drive / rear-wheel drive
Related Chevrolet Nova
Powertrain
Engine 1.3 L 2A I4
1.3 L 2E I4
1.5 L 3A I4
1.6 L 4A I4
1.8 L 1C diesel I4
Transmission 5-speed manual
3/4-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,430 mm (96 in)
Length 4,135 mm (163 in)
FX: 3,970 mm (156 in)
North America:
4,254 mm (167.5 in)
FX: 4,064 mm (160.0 in)
Width 1,635 mm (64 in)
Height 1,328 mm (52.3 in)
FX: 1,346 mm (53.0 in)
FX16: 1,341 mm (52.8 in)
Curb weight 840–940 kg (1,850–2,070 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor Corolla E70
Successor Corolla E90

The Toyota Corolla E80 is a range of small automobiles manufactured and marketed by Toyota from 1983 to 1987 as the fifth generation of cars under the Corolla and Toyota Sprinter nameplates — with production totaling approximately 3.3 million and moving the Corolla mostly to a front-wheel drive layout.

Three-door "liftback" (E72), three-door van (E70) and five-door wagon (E70) of the previous generation remained in production. In addition to the AE85 models, the AE86 Corolla Levin / Sprinter Trueno models (SR-5 / GT-S in US) featured rear-wheel drive.

The AE86 variants ultimately gained international prominence in the motorsport of drifting and widely popularity in Showroom Stock, Group A, and Group N, Rally and Club racing.

Design

The front-wheel-drive wheelbase was now 95.6 in (2,430 mm).

It was the first Corolla to top the New Zealand top-ten lists, ending Ford's dominance of that market. A shorter hatchback range, called the Corolla FX in Japan and the Corolla Compact in Germany, arrived in October 1984 on the front-wheel-drive platform.[3] The three- and five-door hatchbacks resembled the Corolla sedan with a truncated rear deck and trunk. Although there was a five-door liftback model of the basic Corolla, the shorter FX hatchback was sold alongside it. The Corolla FX replaced the Toyota Starlet in North America.

A DOHC 16-valve engine, designated 4A-GE, was added in 1983 on the rear-drive cars. It was a 1.6 L (1,587 cc) I4 and produced an impressive 124 PS (91 kW), turning the Levin/Trueno (Japan), Corolla GT coupé (Europe) and Corolla GT-S (North America) into a what was arguably a sports car.[4] The three-door FWD hatchback was also available with this engine; it was known as the Corolla FX-16 in North America. This engine was also combined with the front-drive transaxle to power the mid-engined Toyota MR2.

The Sprinter sports cars, in two-door coupé and three-door liftback forms, were notable for being the line's first use of pop-up headlamps, which the equivalent Corolla Levin sports models did not have. The liftback has a drag coefficient of Cd=0.34.

Launched in Japan in May 1983, it reached Europe (including the right-hand drive UK market) three months later, and sold well in most European markets.

Japan

The 1.3 litre 2A engine was replaced by the more modern 12-valve 2E engine along with a May 1985 facelift at Toyota Corolla Store locations. The range began with the 1300 Custom DX and ended with the 1600 GT Limited, introduced in June 1986.[5] The FX hatchback lineup was considered a semi-separate line and received a different nose and different equipment levels than its sedan and liftback counterparts. The 1.3 was not available in the FX, targeted at sportier buyers, until the 2E engine became available.[3]

Japanese market engines:

Japanese market chassis:

  • AE81 — FWD, 3A-LU engine, 4-door sedan (DX, GL, SE), 5-door liftback (SX), 3/5-door hatchback (Corolla FX)
  • AE85 — RWD, 3A-U engine, 2-door coupé (Levin SE, Levin GL), 3-door liftback (Levin SR)
  • AE86 — RWD, 4A-GEU engine, 2-door coupé (Levin GT, Levin GT-APEX), 3-door liftback (Levin GT, Levin GT-APEX)

North America

The American specification was available with either SOHC or DOHC engines. From 1985 to 1988, NUMMI in Fremont, California built a rebadged version of the Sprinter sedan sold by Chevrolet as the Chevrolet Nova. During calendar 1985, Corolla sedans and Sprinter-type 5-door hatchbacks (sold under both Nova and Corolla nameplates) were added, with the Toyota-branded US built cars gradually superseding imports from Japan and Nova hatchbacks being offered from the 1986 model year. Only the Corolla FX hatchback, launched for 1987 to replace the 3-door AE86 Corolla Sport liftback, was imported from Japan. The Nova's successor, the Geo Prizm, was another American-built rebadged Corolla sold in the US from 1989 to 2002.

While all the rear-wheel drive 80-series Corollas were AE86 chassis in North America, the VINs differentiated between the three equipment levels: the DX got AE85, the SR-5 got AE86, and the GT-S received an AE88 VIN.

North American market engines:

North American market chassis:

  • AE82 — FWD sedan 4-door, hatchback (Std, LE, LE Ltd, SR-5, GT-S) 3-door (FX/FX16)
  • AE86 — RWD coupé 2-door, 3-door hatchback coupé
DX with 4A-C had AE85 in VIN
SR-5 with 4A-C had AE86 in VIN
GT-S with 4A-GE had AE88 in VIN

Europe

European market engines:

  • 2A 1.3 L I4, 8-valve SOHC, carb, 69 hp (51 kW)
  • 4A 1.6 L I4, 8-valve SOHC, carb, 84 PS (62 kW)
  • 4A-LC 1.6 L I4, 8-valve SOHC, carb, 78 PS (57 kW) (desmogged version for Sweden and Switzerland)[7]
  • 4A-GE 1.6 L I4, 16-valve DOHC, EFI, 116–124 PS (85–91 kW) (121 PS in the hatchback)
  • 1C 1.8 L I4, Diesel, Mechanical Injection, 58 PS (43 kW)
  • 2E 1.3 L I4, 12-valve SOHC, carb, 75 PS (55 kW)

European market chassis:

Australia

Australian market engines:

Australian market chassis:

Asia

Mainly 1.3 and 1.6 petrol engines were available in Asia:

After the 1985 facelift, the 1.3 was switched to the new 12-valve E-series unit. Model designations changed at the same time; in Indonesia it was switched from GL to SE Saloon. The newer model has slightly bigger headlamps and also received flush hubcaps.

Asian market chassis:

Motorsport

The rear-wheel-drive AE86 models campaigned in the Group A rally championship from 1985 until 1992. Victories included a class win in the 1985 Rally Portugal (its first), with Jorge Ortigão driving and J. Batista navigating.[9] The car continued to be raced as late as the 1993 Acropolis Rally, with its best finish a third overall in the 1989 Rallye Côte d'Ivoire (with Adolphe Choteau/Jean-Pierre Claverie).[10]

The AE86 became international prominent in the motorsport of drifting. Owners may heavily modify their AE86 models to where the only connection to the original model is the bodyshape.[11]

John Smith won the 1986 Australian 2.0 Litre Touring Car Championship driving a Corolla GT AE86.[12]

References

  • 別冊CG: 自動車アーカイヴ 80年代の日本 [Car Graphic: Car Archives Vol. 11, '80s Japanese Cars] (in Japanese). Tokyo: Nigensha. 2007. ISBN 978-4-544-91018-6.
  1. ↑ "Overview of Overseas Production Affiliates: Oceania". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2012. Retrieved 2014-07-11.
  2. 1 2 "Historia de Corolla" (in Spanish). Toyota de Venezuela. Retrieved 2014-07-23.
  3. 1 2 Car Graphic: '80s Car Archives, p. 21
  4. ↑ De Leener, Philippe (1983-12-15). "Toyota Corolla GT: une véritable GT" [a true GT]. Le Moniteur de l'Automobile (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Editions Auto-Magazine. 34 (784): 46.
  5. ↑ Car Graphic: '80s Car Archives, p. 19
  6. ↑ "Fuel Economy of 1984 Toyota Corolla". www.fueleconomy.gov. (US). Retrieved 2012-02-29.
  7. ↑ Büschi, Hans-Ulrich, ed. (1986-03-06). Automobil Revue 1986 (in German and French). 81. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag AG. ISBN 3-444-00450-8.
  8. ↑ Toyota Corolla (brochure) (in Indonesian), Jakarta, Indonesia: P.T. Toyota-Astra Motor, 1986, p. 8
  9. ↑ Bridier, Gérard (April 1985). "Walter retourne en enfer..." [Walter returns to hell]. Echappement (in French). Paris, France: Michael Hommell (198): 158.
  10. ↑ "Toyota Corolla (AE86) Profile". Rallye-Info.com. Retrieved 2014-09-14.
  11. ↑ "7 Epic AE86 drift car builds to blow your mind". Drifted.com. 2016-11-28. Retrieved 2018-02-01.
  12. ↑ "1986 Under 2 Litre Australian Touring Car Championship". touringcarracing.net. Australia. Retrieved 2016-10-03.
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