Timeline of Swedish history
This is a timeline of Swedish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Sweden and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Sweden. See also the list of Swedish monarchs and list of Prime Ministers of Sweden.
1st century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
98 | The tribe of the Swedes (Suiones) is first mentioned by Tacitus in his Germania. |
2nd century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
100 | The Iron Age settlement at Uppåkra is founded. |
6th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
530 | The possibly legendary Battle on the Ice of Lake Vänern is supposed to have taken place. |
8th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
750-790 | The trade center Birka is established on Lake Mälaren, near present-day Stockholm. |
9th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
800 | The Rök Runestone is carved. | |
829 | The monk Ansgar makes the first campaign to introduce Christianity to Sweden. |
10th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
960 | Birka is abandoned. | |
980 | The city of Sigtuna is founded. | |
984 | the Battle of Fyrisvellir takes place near Uppsala. | |
990 | The city of Lund is founded. | |
11th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1000 | Gothi Þorgeirr Ljósvetningagoði endorses the adoption of Christianity. | |
1004 | King Olof Skötkonung is baptized and makes Christianity the official religion of Sweden. | |
1036 | Ingvar the Far-Travelled leads an unsuccessful Viking attack against Persia. | |
1085 | The city of Helsingborg is founded. | |
1087 | The Temple at Uppsala, the central place of worship within Ancient Norse paganism, is destroyed at the order of King Inge the Elder. |
12th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1100 | Vreta Abbey, the first Christian convent in Sweden, is established. | |
1187 | Estonians, Curonians or/and Karelians invade and pillage Sigtuna and kill archbishop Johannes.[1] | |
The city of Nyköping is founded. |
13th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1208 | The Battle of Lena takes place. | |
1240 | The Battle of the Neva takes place. | |
1252 | The city of Stockholm is founded. | |
1280 | The Ordinance of Alsnö gives birth to the frälse, a class of tax-exempt secular nobility, in Sweden. |
14th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1306 | The conflict known as the Håtuna games takes place. | |
1310 | The Treaty of Helsingborg is signed, establishing peace between Sweden, Norway and Denmark. | |
1317 | The Nyköping Banquet takes place, following which King Birger imprisons his two brothers and starves them to death. | |
1319 | Sweden and Norway are first united. | |
1323 | The Treaty of Nöteborg is signed, establishing peace between Sweden and the Novgorod Republic. | |
1344 | The Bridgettine Order is founded by St. Bridget (Heliga Birgitta). | |
1350 | The Black Death arrives in Sweden. | |
1359 | King Magnus IV of Sweden summons the first Swedish Riksdag. | |
1389 | February 24 | The Battle of Åsle takes place. |
1397 | Sweden, Denmark and Norway unite into the Kalmar Union. | |
1398 | Gotland is conquered by Teutonic Knights. |
15th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1409 | The Teutonic Order sells Gotland to the Kalmar Union. | |
1434 | The Engelbrekt rebellion, led by Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson against King Erik of Pomerania, begins. | |
1436 | Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson is assassinated. | |
1471 | The Battle of Brunkeberg takes place. | |
1477 | Uppsala University is founded. | |
1495 | The Russo-Swedish War (1495-1497) begins. | |
1497 | The Russo-Swedish War ends. |
16th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1505 | The Kalmar Bloodbath (1505) occurs. | |
1520 | Christina Gyllenstierna defends Stockholm but is defeated by the Danes under Christian II of Denmark, who is crowned king of Sweden. The Stockholm bloodbath occurs at the order of king Christian. | |
1523 | Gustav Vasa liberates Stockholm, reasserting Sweden's independence from Denmark-Norway and initiating the monarchical rule of the House of Vasa. | |
1524 | The Treaty of Malmö is signed. Denmark-Norway recognizes the independence of Sweden, while in return Sweden renounces its claims to Scania and Blekinge. | |
1525 | The First Dalecarlian Rebellion occurs in parallel with an attempt made by Christina Gyllenstierna and Sören Norby to conquer the Swedish throne. | |
1526 | The first Swedish translation of the New Testament is published. | |
1529 | The Westrogothian Rebellion takes place. | |
1531 | The Third Dalecarlian Rebellion, also known as the Bell Rebellion (Klockupproret) begins, and is suppressed two years later. | |
1535 | War with Lübeck leads to the expulsion of the Hanseatic traders, who previously had a monopoly on foreign trade. | |
1540 | The first full Swedish translation of the Bible, the Gustav Vasa Bible, is published. | |
1542 | Nils Dacke starts a peasant uprising in Småland, which is defeated the following year. | |
1554 | Border skirmishes between Sweden and Russia lead to the outbreak of the Russo-Swedish War (1554-1557). | |
1555 | A Description of the Northern Peoples (Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus) by Olaus Magnus is published. | |
1561 | Estonia becomes a Swedish dominion. | |
1567 | The Sture Murders take place at the order of King Eric XIV. | |
1577 | February 26 | Eric XIV dies in imprisonment, most likely murdered. |
1584 | The city of Karlstad is founded. | |
1592 | Poland and Sweden enter into a short-lived personal union following the crowning of Sigismund III Vasa as King of Sweden. | |
1598 | A conflict between Duke Charles, later King Charles IX, and Sigismund, King of Sweden and Poland, leads to the outbreak of the War against Sigismund. | |
September 25 | The Battle of Stångebro takes place. | |
1599 | The War against Sigismund ends, resulting in the deposition of King Sigismund. The Kalmar Bloodbath (1599) and Åbo Bloodbath occurs on the followers on Sigismund. |
17th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1600 | March 20 | The Linköping Bloodbath takes place. |
1610 | The Ingrian War between Russia and Sweden begins. | |
1611 | Denmark declares war on Sweden, initiating the Kalmar War. | |
1613 | The Treaty of Knäred is signed, ending the Kalmar War. Sweden is obligated to pay the Älvsborg Ransom of one million rixdollars for the return of the fortress of Älvsborg. | |
1614 | The city of Kristianstad is founded. | |
1617 | February 27 | The Treaty of Stolbovo is signed, ending the Ingrian War. Russia cedes the province and fortress of Kexholm, southwestern Karelia and the province of Ingria to Sweden, laying the foundation for Sweden's rise as a Great Power. |
1621 | The city of Gothenburg is founded. | |
1628 | August 10 | The sinking of the Swedish warship Vasa. |
1630 | Sweden enters the Thirty Years' War. | |
1631 | April 13 | The Battle of Frankfurt an der Oder takes place. |
September 7 | The Battle of Breitenfeld takes place. | |
1632 | November 6 | The Battle of Lützen takes place. King Gustav II Adolf is killed in battle. |
1638 | The colony of New Sweden is established along the Delaware River in North America. | |
1648 | The Thirty Years' War ends, with Sweden among the winners. The Peace of Westphalia grants Sweden the provinces of Western Pomerania, Wismar, and the bishoprics of Bremen-Verden. | |
1650 | The colony of the Swedish Gold Coast is established on the Gulf of Guinea in present-day Ghana. | |
1654 | Queen Christina abdicates her throne and converts to Roman Catholicism, creating a major scandal. | |
1658 | February 26 | Treaty of Roskilde. Denmark-Norway cedes the provinces of Blekinge, Bornholm, Bohuslän, Scania, Trøndelag and Halland to Sweden. |
1663 | The colony of the Swedish Gold Coast is seized by Denmark, and integrated in the Danish Gold Coast. | |
1666 | Lund University is founded. | |
1668 | Sweden's central bank Sveriges Riksbank is founded. | |
1674 | December 24 | Sweden invades Brandenburg, triggering the Swedish-Brandenburg War. |
1675 | Denmark invades Scania, triggering the Scanian War. | |
1676 | June 1 | The Battle of Öland takes place. |
August 17 | The Battle of Halmstad takes place. | |
December 4 | The Battle of Lund takes place. | |
1677 | June 26 | The Siege of Malmö takes place. |
July 14 | The Battle of Landskrona takes place. | |
1678 | The Invasion of Rügen takes place. | |
1679 | August 23 | The Treaty of Fontainebleau is signed, restoring all Danish conquests during the Scanian War to Sweden. |
1680 | The city of Karlskrona is founded. | |
The Great Reduction of 1680 is enacted, returning to the Swedish Crown lands that had earlier been granted to the nobility. | ||
1697 | May 7 | The castle of Tre Kronor burns down, destroying a significant portion of Sweden's national library and royal archives. |
18th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1700 | An alliance consisting of Denmark-Norway, Saxony, Poland and Russia declares war on Sweden, initiating the Great Northern War. | |
The Battle of Narva takes place. | ||
1702 | July 8 | The Battle of Kliszów takes place. |
1706 | October 13 | The Treaty of Altranstädt is signed, following Sweden's victorious invasion of Poland. King Augustus the Strong is forced to renounce his claims to the Polish throne and his alliance with Russia. |
1708 | January 1 | Charles XII crosses the Vistula, initiating the Swedish invasion of Russia. |
1709 | June 27 | The Battle of Poltava takes place. The Swedish army under Charles XII is destroyed by the Russian forces of Peter the Great, marking the beginning of Sweden's decline as a Great Power. |
1710 | February 28 | The Battle of Helsingborg takes place. Denmark's last attempt to regain Scania fails. |
1713 | February 1 | The Skirmish at Bender, a battle to remove Charles XII and the remnants of his army from the Ottoman Empire, takes place. |
1718 | November 30 | Charles XII is killed at Frederikshald. |
1719 | The Treaties of Stockholm are signed, requiring Sweden to cede parts of Swedish Pomerania to Prussia and Bremen-Verden to Hanover. | |
1720 | The Treaty of Frederiksborg is signed, requiring Sweden to cede Schleswig to Denmark-Norway. | |
1721 | The Treaty of Nystad is signed, requiring Sweden to cede Estonia, Livonia and Ingria to Russia. | |
1731 | The Swedish East India Company is founded. | |
1732 | Carl Linnaeus departs on his Expedition to Lapland. | |
1732 | The Civil Code of 1734 establish the same law in the entire nation. | |
1735 | The first edition of Carl Linnaeus' Systema Naturae is published. | |
1737 | The Swedish language Theater of Bollhuset is founded. | |
1739 | June 2 | The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is founded. |
1741 | August 23 | The Battle of Villmanstrand takes place. |
1742 | Anders Celsius proposes the Celsius temperature scale. | |
1743 | The Fourth Dalecarlian Rebellion breaks out. | |
1749 | The Storskifte Enclosure Act of 1749 | |
1756 | An attempted coup d'état by Queen Louisa Ulrika and a few devoted nobles to reinstate absolute monarchy in Sweden is exposed and subdued. | |
1757 | Sweden enters the Seven Years' War. | |
1762 | May 22 | The Treaty of Hamburg is signed, concluding Sweden's involvement in the Seven Years' War. |
1766 | The Freedom of the Press Act is enacted, abolishing censorship and restricting limitations only to vocal opposition to the king or the Church of Sweden. | |
1768 | The December Crisis (1768) fails to increase royal power. | |
1772 | Absolute monarchy is reintroduced in Sweden through the Revolution of 1772. | |
1773 | Carl Wilhelm Scheele discovers oxygen. | |
The Royal Swedish Opera is founded. | ||
1782 | Sweden purchases the Caribbean island of Saint Barthélemy from France. | |
1786 | March 20 | The Swedish Academy is founded. |
1787 | The first secondary education school in Sweden for girls, Societetsskolan, is founded in Gothenburg. | |
1788 | Sweden declares war against Russia, beginning the Russo-Swedish War (1788-90). | |
1790 | The Treaty of Värälä is signed, concluding the Russo-Swedish War. | |
1792 | March 16 | King Gustav III is assassinated at a masked ball. |
19th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1807 | The Swedish General Enclosure Act of 1807 | |
1808 | The Finnish War breaks out. | |
1809 | Sweden cedes Finland to Russia following the Finnish War. | |
The Coup of 1809 is carried out, resulting in the deposition of King Gustav IV Adolf. | ||
1810 | Karolinska Institutet is founded. | |
1814 | The countries of Sweden and Norway are united. | |
1832 | The Göta Canal, providing a route from Gothenburg on the west coast to Söderköping on the east coast, is completed. | |
1848 | The series of riots known as Marsoroligheterna take place in Stockholm. | |
1855 | Construction of the first railway line in Sweden begins. | |
1864 | The daily newspaper Dagens Nyheter is founded. | |
1867 | The telecommunications company Ericsson is founded by Lars Magnus Ericsson. | |
Alfred Nobel invents dynamite. | ||
1873 | Sweden and Denmark form the Scandinavian Monetary Union. | |
The krona replaces the riksdaler as the currency of Sweden. | ||
1876 | The office of prime minister (statsminister) is instituted. | |
1878 | The island of Saint Barthélemy is sold back to France. | |
1884 | The daily newspaper Svenska Dagbladet is founded. | |
The Fredrika Bremer Association, Sweden's oldest women's rights organization, is founded. | ||
1889 | The Social Democratic Party is founded. | |
1897 | S. A. Andrée's arctic balloon expedition. | |
1898 | The formation of the Swedish Trade Union Confederation (LO).[2] |
20th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1901 | The first Nobel Prizes are awarded. | |
1903 | The Swedish Employers' Association (SAF) was founded.[3] | |
1904 | The Moderate Party (Moderaterna) is founded. | |
1905 | The personal union between Sweden and Norway is dissolved. | |
1906 | An official spelling reform of the Swedish language is enacted, reforming and simplifying the previous spelling. | |
1909 | The Stockholm School of Economics (Handelshögskolan i Stockholm) is founded. | |
The General Strike of 1909 (Swedish General Strike). | ||
1919 | AB Svensk Filmindustri is founded. | |
1921 | June 30 | Capital punishment is abolished for all crimes committed in peacetime. |
1934 | Crisis in the Population Question (Kris i befolkningsfrågan) by Alva and Gunnar Myrdal is published, and plays a major role in the design of Sweden's welfare policy. | |
1938 | The Saltsjöbaden Agreement, establishing rules for collective bargaining and trade relations, is signed. | |
1943 | The food packaging company Tetra Pak is founded by Ruben Rausing. | |
1945 | January 17 | Raoul Wallenberg is detained by Soviet authorities in Budapest and subsequently disappears. |
1947 | The furniture company IKEA is founded by Ingvar Kamprad. | |
1954 | October 29 | Sweden conducts its first television broadcast. |
1967 | September 3 | Right-hand traffic is introduced in Sweden. |
1971 | The Riksdag becomes unicameral. | |
1973 | The Norrmalmstorg bank robbery and hostage crisis takes place. | |
1986 | February 28 | Prime Minister and Social Democratic leader Olof Palme is murdered. |
1994 | The MS Estonia disaster occurs en route from Tallinn to Stockholm. 852 people on board are killed. | |
1995 | Sweden becomes a member of the European Union. | |
1999 | The Church of Sweden is separated from the state and becomes an independent organization. |
21st century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
2000 | July 1 | The Øresund Bridge is opened, creating a road and railway connection between Sweden and mainland Europe. |
2003 | Voters decide not to adopt the Euro as the country's official currency. | |
2009 | May 1 | Same-sex marriage is legalized in Sweden. |
2010 | Military conscription is abolished in Sweden. |
See also
- Cities in Sweden
References
Further reading
- Jacques Lacombe (author) (1762). Abrégé chronologique de l'histoire de Suede [Short Chronological History of Sweden]. Abrégé chronologique de l'histoire du Nord (in French). Paris: Jean-Thomas Herissant.
- Jon Stefansson (1917). "Synchronistic Tables of Events in Sweden, Denmark, and Norway". Denmark and Sweden, with Iceland and Finland. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
- Elisabeth Elgán; Irene Scobbie (2015). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Sweden (3rd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4422-5071-0.
External links
- "Sweden Profile: Timeline", BBC News
This article is issued from
Wikipedia.
The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike.
Additional terms may apply for the media files.