Timeline of Sibiu
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Sibiu, Transylvania, Romania.
Prior to 17th century
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- 12th century - Area settled by Hermann of Nuremberg.[1][2]
- 1191 - Mentioned for the first time in a document of the Vatican, under the name "Cibinium" (due to the Cibin River that flows through the city)
- 1241 - Sibiu gets sacked by the invading Mongols; Hungarian army loses a major battle on April 11
- 1292 - The first hospital in the Kingdom of Hungary was attested.
- 1324 - First Rathaus(town hall) is documented, current address Piaţa Mică 31.[3]
- 1380 - The first documented school in the Kingdom of Hungary.
- 1438 - Town besieged by Turkish forces.[4]
- 1442 - The Battle of Hermannstadt fought March 18–25 between the army of the Hungarian Kingdom under John Hunyadi and the Ottoman Turks
- 1494 - The first pharmacy in the Kingdom of Hungary.
- 1520 - Protestant church finished.[1]
- 1534 - The first paper mill in the Kingdom of Hungary.
- 1544 - The first book in the Romanian language was printed in Sibiu, funded by John II Sigismund Zápolya. This was in Cyrillic letters.
- 1545 - Rathaus (town hall) in use.[5]
- 1551 - Conrad Haas's experiment with rockets.
- 1570 - The Ottoman-dependent Principality of Transylvania was formed after the Ottoman conquest in Hungary.
- 1588 - Tower built on the Grosse Ring.[5]
17th-19th centuries
- 1671 - Methane gas was discovered near Sibiu.
- 1699 - Town becomes capital of Austrian Transylvania.[6]
- 1717 - Town's brewery is opened, first of the present territory of Romania.[7]
- 1726 - Jesuit Church established.[1]
- 1769 - The first hall for theater opens in the home of Baron von Möringer in Piața Mare (Blue House, 5 Piața Mare). It operated between 1769-1783[8]
- 1782 - Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein discovered the chemical element tellurium.[9]
- 1787 - Brukenthal palace built.[1]
- 1788 - First theatre in Transylvania.
- 1795 - The first lightning rod in Transylvania and in Southeastern Europe was installed in Cisnădie (formerly Nagydisznód).
- 1817 - Brukenthal Museum opens.
- 1849 - Austrian-Hungarian conflict.[1]
- 1861 - Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and the Culture of the Romanian People headquartered in Sibiu.
- 1867 - The Principality of Transylvania was incorporated into Hungary in the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary
- 1872 - The first railway opened between Sibiu and Copșa Mică
- 1891 - Population: 21,465.[4]
- 1896 - The first use of electricity in Austria-Hungary, and the first power line in Southeastern Europe.
- 1900 - Population: 26,077.[1]
20th century
- 1904 - The second city in Europe to use an electric-powered trolley.
- 1905 - The Electric Tram is inaugurated(replacing the trolley)
- 1918 - Upon the Union of Transylvania with Romania, Sibiu became part of Romania.
- 1927 - Stadionul Municipal (stadium) opens.
- 1928 - The first zoo in Romania.
- 1940
- University of Cluj relocates to Sibiu temporarily.
- Sibiu Literary Circle active.
- 1941 - Saxons lost their historical majority in the population
- 1948 - Population: 60,602.[6]
- 1959 - Sibiu Airport terminal in use.
- 1964 - Population: 102,959.[10]
- 1977 - Population: 151,120.[11]
- 1985 - Hotel Continental Sibiu in business.
- 1989 - The third city to take part in the Romanian Revolution.
- 1993
- 1994 - Sibiu Stock Exchange established.
- 2000 - Klaus Iohannis becomes mayor.
21st century
- 2007
- Sibiu International Airport renovated.
- City designated a European Capital of Culture.[13]
- 2011 - Population: 147,245; county 375,992.
- 2011 - The 17.5 km of motorway forming a partial beltway around Sibiu was fully completed on August 30.
- 2012 - Host of the NATO Military Committee Conference
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Britannica 1910.
- ↑ Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 1040, OL 5812502M
- ↑ http://patrimoniu.sibiu.ro/cladiri_en/piata_mica/116
- 1 2 Chambers 1901.
- 1 2 Baedeker 1905.
- 1 2 Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 1761, OL 6112221M
- ↑ http://patrimoniu.sibiu.ro/cladiri_en/turnului/324
- ↑ http://patrimoniu.sibiu.ro/cladiri_en/piata_mare/80
- ↑ Marshall, James L.; Marshall, Virginia R. "Rediscovery of the Elements: Tellurium and Fața Băii (Fascebanya), Romania". UNT Digital Library. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
- ↑ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
- ↑ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
- ↑ "History". Sibiu International Theatre Festival. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ↑ Habit 2013.
This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Romanian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- A. A. Paton (1861). "Herrmanstadt". Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic. Leipzig: Brockhaus.
- Charles Boner (1865), "Hermannstadt", Transylvania, London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, OCLC 4572134
- David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Hermannstadt", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington
- Adressbuch der k. freien Stadt Hermannstadt [Directory of the Imperial Free City of Hermannstadt] (in German). Hermannstadt: W. Krafft. 1898.
- "Hermannstadt", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
- "Hermannstadt", Türkei, Rumänien, Serbien, Bulgarien [Turkey, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria], Meyers Reisebücher (in German) (6th ed.), Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1902
- Corneliu Diaconovich, ed. (1904). "Sibiiu". Enciclopedia Română [Romanian Encyclopedia] (in Romanian). 3. Sibiiu: W. Krafft.
- "Hermannstadt", Austria-Hungary, Including Dalmatia and Bosnia, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1905, OCLC 344268
- "Nagyszeben", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- Daniel Habit (2013). "Peripheral ECOCs between cultural policy and cultural governance: the case of Sibiu 2007". In Kiran Klaus Patel. Cultural Politics of Europe: European Capitals of Culture and European Union Since the 1980s. Routledge. pp. 127–140. ISBN 9780203081082.
External links
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