Timeline of Haifa

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Haifa, Israel.

Prior to 20th century

1046 – Persian traveler Nasir Khusraw visits village.^[1]
1100 or 1101 – a Crusader fleet and land army conquer Haifa. The Crusaders rename it Caiphas.^[2]^[3]
1187 – Saladin captures Haifa.^[1]
1251 – Fortifications built by Louis IX of France (approximate date).^[1]
1291 – Mamluk Al-Ashraf Khalil captures Haifa.^[1]
1869 – German Colony established near town.^[4]
1873 – Najib Effendi al-Yasin becomes mayor.
1883 – Rushdi school opens.^[5]
1887 – Haifa becomes part of the Ottoman Beirut Vilayet.^[5]
1898 – Pier and Jaffa-Haifa roadway built.^[1]

20th century

1905 – Hejaz Railroad branch begins operating;^[4] train station built.^[5]
1908 – Al-Karmil newspaper begins publication.^[6]
1909 – Shrine of the Báb built on Mt. Carmel.
1912 – Maccabi Haifa sport club formed.
1913 – Hebrew Reali School and Maccabi Haifa Football Club established.
1918 – 23 September: Haifa occupied by British forces.^[1]
1921 – Haifa Chamber of Commerce and Industry established.^[7]
1922 – Population: 24,600.
1924
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology opens.
- Hapoel Haifa Football Club formed.
1928 – Stella Maris Light built.
1931 – Population: 50,403.
1933 – Port of Haifa expanded.^[1]
1934 – Haifa Airport established.
1935
- Mosul–Haifa oil pipeline commissioned.
- Armon Cinema opens.^[8]
1937 – Orah Cinema in business (approximate date).^[8]
1938 – British Government Hospital established.
1939 – Oil refinery built.^[1]
1941 – Shabtai Levy becomes mayor.
1944 – Al-Ittihad newspaper begins publication.
1947 – Population: 145,140.
1948
- April: Battle of Haifa (1948).^[1]
- Haifa becomes part of the State of Israel.^[1]
1950 – New Haifa Symphony Orchestra established.
1951
- Haifa Museum of Art established.
- Abba Hushi becomes mayor.
- Al-Jadid literary journal begins publication.^[7]
1953 – Gordon College of Education established.
1955 – Kiryat Eliezer Stadium opens.
1959 – Haifa Underground Funicular Railway begins operating.^[7]
1960 – Tikotin Museum of Japanese Art opens on Mt. Carmel.
1961
- Haifa Theatre founded.
- Population: 183,021.
1963 – University of Haifa established.
1969
- Technion's Rappaport Faculty of Medicine established.
- Moshe Flimann becomes mayor.
- Clandestine Immigration and Naval Museum opens.
1971 – WIZO Haifa Academy of Design and Education established.
1972
- IBM Haifa Research Laboratory established.
- Israeli National Maritime Museum opens.
1973 – Sister city relationship established with San Francisco, USA.^[9]
1974
- Matam hi-tech area developed.
- Yosef Almogi becomes mayor.
1975
- Haifa Cinematheque established.
- Yeruham Zeisel becomes mayor.
1976 – Romema Arena opens.
1978 – Aryeh Gur'el becomes mayor.
1983
- Haifa International Film Festival begins.
- Israel Railway Museum opens.
- Population: 225,775.
1984 – Hecht Museum established.
1989 – September: Mount Carmel forest fire (1989).
1991 – Lev HaMifratz Mall in business.
1993 – Amram Mitzna becomes mayor.
1999 – Grand Canyon (mall) and Carmel Beach Railway Station open.

21st century

2001 – Hutzot HaMifratz Railway Station and Lev HaMifratz Railway Station open.
2002
- Sail Tower built.
- Haifa Bay Central Bus Station opens.
2003
- Yona Yahav becomes mayor.
- IEC Tower built.
- Carmel Beach Central Bus Station opens.
2004 – Almadina newspaper begins publication.
2006 – 13 July: Haifa bombarded by Lebanese Hezbollah forces.^[10]
2008 – Bahá'í World Centre designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2010
- December: Mount Carmel forest fire (2010).
- Carmel Tunnels open.
2011 – Wikimania 2011 held in Haifa.
2012 – Israeli Personal Computer Museum opens.
2013 – Population: 272,181.
2014 – Sammy Ofer Stadium opens.
2016 – November 2016 Israel wildfires^[11]

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bosworth 2007.
↑ Moshe Gil (1992). A History of Palestine, 634–1099. Cambridge University Press. p. 829. ISBN 9780521404372.
↑ Carmel 2010.
1 2 Agoston 2009.
1 2 3 Yazbak 1998.
↑ Philip Mattar (2005). "Chronology". Encyclopedia of the Palestinians. Facts on File. p. 572+. ISBN 978-0-8160-6986-6.
1 2 3 "Israel: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 2266+. ISBN 978-1-85743-254-1.
1 2 "Movie Theaters in Haifa, Israel". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
↑ "San Francisco Sister Cities". USA: City & County of San Francisco. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
↑ Bernard Reich; David H. Goldberg (2008). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Israel. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6403-0.
↑ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/11/24/five-countries-help-israel-fight-massive-fires/

This article incorporates information from the Hebrew Wikipedia.

Bibliography

"Haifa", Handbook for Travellers in Syria and Palestine, London: J. Murray, 1858, OCLC 2300777
"Haifa, Sycaminum", Palestine and Syria, Leipsig: Karl Baedeker, 1876
M. Franco (1907), "Haifa", Jewish Encyclopedia, 6, New York
"Haifa", The Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopædia Britannica, 1910, OCLC 14782424
Mahmoud Yazbak (1998). Haifa in the Late Ottoman Period, 1864–1914: A Muslim Town in Transition. Brill. ISBN 90-04-11051-8.
May Seikaly (2000). Haifa: Transformation of an Arab Society, 1918–39. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-0-85771-842-6.
Philip Mattar (2005). "Haifa". Encyclopedia of the Palestinians. Facts on File. p. 192. ISBN 978-0-8160-6986-6.
C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Haifa". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. p. 149+. ISBN 9004153888.
Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley, eds. (2008), "Haifa", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO
Gabor Agoston and Bruce Alan Masters, ed. (2009). "Haifa". Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Facts on File. p. 246. ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7.
Alex Carmel (2010). Ottoman Haifa: A History of Four Centuries under Turkish Rule. Library of Middle East History (Book 2). London: I. B. Tauris. p. 2 of the Introduction. ISBN 9781848855601.

External links

Map of Haifa (1958), via the University of Texas
Items related to Haifa (various dates), via Europeana
Items related to Haifa (various dates), via the Digital Public Library of America

Coordinates: 32°49′00″N 34°59′00″E / 32.816667°N 34.983333°E / 32.816667; 34.983333

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[FOOTNOTEBosworth2007-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bosworth 2007.

[2] Moshe Gil (1992). A History of Palestine, 634–1099. Cambridge University Press. p. 829. ISBN 9780521404372.

[FOOTNOTECarmel2010-3] Carmel 2010.

[FOOTNOTEAgoston2009-4] 1 2 Agoston 2009.

[FOOTNOTEYazbak1998-5] 1 2 3 Yazbak 1998.

[mattar2005chronology-6] Philip Mattar (2005). "Chronology". Encyclopedia of the Palestinians. Facts on File. p. 572+. ISBN 978-0-8160-6986-6.

[europa2004-7] 1 2 3 "Israel: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 2266+. ISBN 978-1-85743-254-1.

[cinema-8] 1 2 "Movie Theaters in Haifa, Israel". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 January 2015.

[9] "San Francisco Sister Cities". USA: City & County of San Francisco. Retrieved 1 December 2015.

[ReichGoldberg2008-10] Bernard Reich; David H. Goldberg (2008). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Israel. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6403-0.

[11] ttps://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/11/24/five-countries-help-israel-fight-massive-fires/