Time–manner–place
| Linguistic typology |
|---|
| Morphological |
| Morphosyntactic |
| Word order |
| Lexicon |
In linguistic typology, time–manner–place is a general order of adpositional phrases in a language's sentences: "yesterday", "by car", "to the store". Japanese, Afrikaans, Dutch and German belong to this category.
An example of this appositional ordering in German is:
| Ich | fahre | heute | mit | dem | Auto | nach | München. |
| I | drive | today | with | the | car | to | Munich. |
| I'm travelling to Munich by car today. | |||||||
The temporal phrase – heute ("today") – comes first, the manner – mit dem Auto ("by car") – is second, and the place – nach München ("to Munich") – is third.
One way to remember the order in German is the mnemonic acronym ZAP: Zeit (time), Art (manner), Platz (place). Another, in English, is the "acronym" TeMPo. It is a subset of the system called TeKaMoLo in German, from Latin: Temporal, Kausal, Modal, Local, or time-cause-manner-place
English and French use this order only when the time is mentioned before the verb, which is commonly the case when time, manner, and place are all mentioned.