State censuses in the United States

Throughout U.S. history, various U.S. states conducted their own censuses. These censuses were often conducted every ten years, in years ending with a five to complement the U.S. federal census (which is carried out in years that end with zero). Also, some of these censuses were conducted in U.S. states while they were still U.S. territories (as in, before they became U.S. states).

Alabama

Alabama conducted censuses in 1818, 1820, 1821, 1823, 1850, 1855, 1866, and 1907.[1] Its first census was conducted before Alabama became a U.S. state.[2]

Alaska

Alaska conducted censuses in 1870, 1878, 1879, 1881, 1885, 1887, 1890–1895, 1904–1907, 1914, and 1917.[1] All of these censuses were conducted before Alaska became a U.S. state.[2]

Arizona

Arizona conducted censuses in 1866, 1867, 1869, 1872, 1874, 1876, 1880, and 1882.[1] All of these censuses were conducted before Arizona became a U.S. state.[2]

Arkansas

Arkansas conducted censuses in 1823, 1829, 1865, and 1911.[1] The first two censuses were conducted before Arkansas became a U.S. state.[2]

California

California conducted censuses in 1788, 1790, 1796, 1797–1798, 1816, 1836, 1844, 1852.[1] California's first five censuses were conducted back when it was under Spanish rule whereas its sixth and seventh censuses were conducted when California was under Mexican rule.[3] Meanwhile, its eighth (and final) census was conducted two years after California became a U.S. state.[2]

Colorado

Colorado conducted censuses in 1861, 1866, and 1885.[1] The first two censuses were conducted before Colorado became a U.S. state.[2]

Connecticut

Connecticut conducted censuses in 1756, 1761, 1774, and 1782, all of which were conducted before Connecticut become a U.S. state.[4][2]

Delaware

Delaware conducted a census in 1782, five years before it became a U.S. state.[1][2]

The District of Columbia

The District of Columbia conducted censuses in 1803, 1867, and 1878.[1]

Florida

Florida conducted censuses in 1825, 1855, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1875, 1885, 1895, 1935, and 1945.[1] Its first census was conducted before Florida became a U.S. state.[2]

Georgia

Georgia conducted censuses in 1798, 1800, 1810, 1827, 1834, 1838, 1845, 1852, 1853, 1859, 1865, and 1879.[1][2]

Hawaii

The Kingdom of Hawaii conducted censuses in 1832, 1836, 1850, 1853, 1860, 1866, 1872, 1878, 1884 and 1890. The Republic of Hawaii conducted a census in 1896.[1][5] The Territory of Hawaii (1898-1959) did not conduct any censuses, nor has the State of Hawaii.[5]

Idaho

Idaho is not known to have carried out any state censuses.[1]

Illinois

Illinois conducted censuses in 1810, 1818, 1820, 1825, 1830, 1835, 1840, 1845, 1855, and 1865.[1] Its first census was conducted before Illinois became a U.S. state.[2]

Indiana

Indiana conducted censuses in 1807, 1853, 1857, 1871, 1877, 1883, 1889, 1901, 1913, 1919, and 1931.[1] Its first census was conducted before Indiana became a U.S. state.[2]

Iowa

Iowa conducted censuses in 1836, 1838, 1844, 1846, 1847, 1849, 1851, 1852, 1854, 1856, 1885, 1895, 1905, 1915, and 1925.[1] Its first three censuses were conducted before Iowa became a U.S. state.[2]

Kansas

Kansas conducted censuses in 1855, 1865, 1875, 1885, 1895, 1905, 1915, and 1925.[1] Its first census was conducted before Kansas became a U.S. state.[2]

Kentucky

Kentucky is not known to have carried out any state censuses.[1]

Louisiana

Louisiana conducted censuses in 1853 and 1858.[1]

Maine

Maine conducted a census in 1837.[1]

Maryland

Maryland conducted censuses in 1712, 1755,[4] 1776, and 1778, all of which were conducted before Maryland became a U.S. state.[1][2]

Massachusetts

Massachusetts conducted censuses in 1764–1765, 1776, 1784,[4] 1855, 1865,[1] 1875,[6] 1885,[7] 1895,[8] 1905,[9] 1915,[10] 1925,[11] 1935, 1945, 1955, 1965, 1975, and 1985.[12]

The structure of Massachusetts state censuses was similar to those of U.S. federal censuses.[13]

Michigan

Michigan conducted censuses in 1837, 1845, 1854, 1864, 1874, 1884, 1888, 1894, and 1904.[1]

Minnesota

Minnesota conducted censuses in 1849, 1853, 1855, 1857, 1865, 1875, 1885, 1895, 1905.[1] Its first four censuses were conducted before Minnesota became a U.S. state.[2]

Mississippi

Mississippi conducted censuses in 1801, 1805, 1808, 1810, 1816, 1818, 1820, 1822, 1823, 1824, 1825, 1830, 1833, 1837, 1840, 1841, 1845, 1850, 1853, 1860, and 1866.[1] Its first five censuses were conducted before Mississippi became a U.S. state.[2]

Missouri

Missouri conducted censuses in 1797, 1803, 1817, 1819, 1840, 1844, 1852, 1856, 1860, 1864, 1876, and 1880.[1] Missouri's first census was conducted back when it was under Spanish rule while its next three censuses were conducted when it was under U.S. rule but before it became a U.S. state.[2]

Montana

Montana is not known to have carried out any state censuses.[1]

Nebraska

Nebraska conducted censuses in 1854, 1855, 1856, 1865, 1869, and 1885.[1] Its first four censuses were conducted before Nebraska became a U.S. state.[2]

Nevada

Nevada conducted censuses in 1862, 1863, and 1875.[1] Its first two censuses were conducted before Nevada became a U.S. state.[2]

New Hampshire

New Hampshire conducted censuses in 1767, 1773, 1775, and 1786, all of which were conducted before New Hampshire became a U.S. state.[4]

New Jersey

New Jersey conducted censuses in 1726, 1737, 1745,[4] 1855, 1865, 1875, 1885, 1895, 1905, and 1915.[1] New Jersey's first three censuses were conducted before it became a U.S. state.[2]

New Mexico

New Mexico conducted censuses in 1790, 1823, 1845, and 1885.[1] Its first three censuses were conducted when New Mexico was still under Spanish rule while its last census was conducted while it was under U.S. rule but before it became a U.S. state.[2]

New York

New York conducted censuses in 1698, 1703, 1712, 1723, 1731, 1737, 1746, 1749, 1756, 1771, 1786, 1790,[4] 1825, 1835, 1845, 1855, 1865, 1875, 1892, 1905, 1915, and 1925.[1] New York's first eleven censuses were conducted before New York became a U.S. state.[2]

Only the name of the head of household is listed in New York state censuses from 1825 to 1845.[14] Beginning in 1855, the name of every person in the household is listed.[14] The 1855 to 1875 New York state censuses asked the person for the name of the county that one was born in if one was born in New York State.[14] Also, the 1865 New York state census asked many questions about military service.[14]

The reason that New York did not conduct a census in 1885 is the fact that its Governor David B. Hill refused to support the proposed census due to its extravagance and its resulting large cost.[15][16] Governor Hill objected spending so much state money on a state census which was as extravagant as the 1880 U.S. Census.[15][16]

The 1892 New York state census is more vague, asking only for a country of birth (rather than a specific U.S. state or New York county of birth), not indicating relationships of various people to each other, and not indicating where new families begin on the census forms.[14] Indeed, the 1892 New York state census contained only seven questions — name, sex, age, color (race), country of birth, citizenship status, and occupation.[17] Meanwhile, the censuses from 1905 to 1925 asked for relationships of people to each other but also only asked for a country of birth.[14] Also, the 1925 New York state census asked for the date and place of naturalization for naturalized U.S. citizens.[14]

North Carolina

North Carolina conducted a census in 1786, 3 years before it became a U.S. state.[1][2]

North Dakota

North Dakota conducted censuses in 1885, 1915, and 1925.[1]

Ohio

Ohio is not known to have carried out any state censuses.[1]

Oklahoma

Oklahoma conducted censuses in 1890 and 1907. Its first census was conducted before Oklahoma became a U.S. state.[1][2]

Oregon

Oregon conducted censuses in 1842, 1843, 1845, 1849, 1850, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1865, 1870, 1875, 1885, 1895, and 1905.[1] Its first eleven censuses were conducted before Oregon became a U.S. state.[2]

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania is not known to have carried out any state censuses.[1]

Rhode Island

Rhode Island conducted censuses in 1708, 1730, 1748, 1755, 1774, 1776 or 1777, 1782,[4] 1865, 1875, 1885, 1905, 1915, 1925, and 1935.[1] Its first seven censuses were conducted before Rhode Island became a U.S. state.[2]

South Carolina

South Carolina conducted censuses in 1825, 1839, 1869, and 1875.[1]

South Dakota

South Dakota conducted censuses in 1885, 1895, 1905, 1915, 1925, 1935, and 1945.[1] Its first census was conducted before South Dakota became a U.S. state.[2]

Tennessee

Tennessee conducted a census in 1891.[1]

Texas

Texas conducted a census between 1829 and 1836, back when it was still under Mexican rule.[1]

Utah

Utah conducted a census in 1856, 40 years before it became a U.S. state.[1]

Vermont

Vermont is not known to have carried out any state censuses.[1]

Virginia

Virginia conducted censuses in 1635, 1782,[4] 1783, 1784, 1785, and 1786.[1] All of these censuses were conducted before Virginia became a U.S. state.[2]

Washington

Washington conducted censuses in 1856, 1857, 1858, 1860, 1871, 1874, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, 1883, 1885, 1887, 1889, 1891, 1892, and 1898.[1] Its first fourteen censuses were conducted before Washington became a U.S. state.[2]

West Virginia

West Virginia is not known to have carried out any state censuses.[1]

Wisconsin

Wisconsin conducted censuses in 1836, 1838, 1842, 1846, 1847, 1855, 1865, 1875, 1885, 1895, and 1905.[1] Its first five censuses were conducted before Wisconsin became a U.S. state.[2]

Wyoming

Wyoming conducted censuses in 1875 and 1878, more than a decade before it became a U.S. state.[1][2]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 "State Censuses – History – U.S. Census Bureau". Census.gov. Retrieved 2017-09-22.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 "Statehood Dates". 50states.com. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
  3. ↑ "Introduction-Early History of the California Coast-A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary". Nps.gov. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "1, Population In The Colonial And Continental Periods". A Century of Population Growth (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1909.
  5. 1 2 Thirteenth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1910: Statistics for Hawaii Containing Statistics of Population, Agriculture, and Manufactures for the Territory, Counties and Cities (PDF). Original from the University of Chicago: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1913.
  6. ↑ "Census of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts: 1875". Massachusetts. Bureau of Statistics of Labor. 2008-03-25. Retrieved 2017-09-23 – via Archive.org.
  7. ↑ "Full text of "Census of Massachusetts: 1885"". 2016-10-23. Retrieved 2017-09-23 – via Archive.org.
  8. ↑ "Census of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts: 1895". Massachusetts. Bureau of Statistics of Labor. 2008-03-25. Retrieved 2017-09-23 – via Archive.org.
  9. ↑ "Census of the commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1905". Massachusetts. Bureau of Statistics of Labor. 2008-03-25. Retrieved 2017-09-23 – via Archive.org.
  10. ↑ "The decennial census, 1915". Massachusetts. Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 2017-09-23 – via Archive.org.
  11. ↑ "The decennial census, 1925". Massachusetts. Secretary of the Commonwealth. Retrieved 2017-09-23 – via Archive.org.
  12. ↑ "Browsing State Census Documents by Issue Date". Archives.lib.state.ma.us. 1985-01-01. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
  13. ↑ "Archives: Researching Your Family's History at the Massachusetts Archives". Sec.state.ma.us. 2008-01-01. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "New York State Census". Frontiernet.net. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
  15. 1 2 Public Papers ... – New York (State). Governor, New York (State). Governor (1885–1892 : Hill).
  16. 1 2 Peter R. Eisenstadt. The Encyclopedia of New York State.
  17. ↑ "1892 New York State Census". Frontiernet.net. 1996-09-07. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
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