South Dakota's at-large congressional district

South Dakota's At-large congressional district
Current Representative	Kristi Noem (R–Castlewood)
Area	75,885 sq mi (196,540 km2)
Distribution	55.8% urban; 44.2% rural;
Population (2016)	865,454[1]
Median income	47,223
Ethnicity	84.7% White; 1.2% Black; 1.0% Asian; 2.7% Hispanic; 8.5% Native American; 2.0% other;
Cook PVI	R+14[2]

South Dakota's At-Large Congressional District is the sole congressional district for the state of South Dakota. Based on area, it is the fourth largest congressional district in the nation.

The district is currently represented by Republican Kristi Noem.

History

The district was created when South Dakota achieved statehood on November 2, 1889, electing two members At-Large (statewide). Following the 1910 Census a third seat was gained, with the legislature drawing three separate districts. The third district was eliminated after the 1930 Census.

Following the 1980 Census the second seat was eliminated, creating a single At-Large district. Since 1983, South Dakota has retained a single congressional district.

Voter registration

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of January 2, 2013
Party		Total Voters	Percentage
	Democratic	190,212	35.77%
	Republican	244,111	45.91%
	Minor Parties	1,523	0.29%
	Unaffiliated	95,846	18.03%
Total		531,692	100%

2008 Presidential primary

Democratic primary

Hillary Clinton of New York won the June 3, 2008 South Dakota Democratic Primary with 55.35% of the statewide/at-large congressional district vote while Barack Obama of Illinois received 44.65%. The state/at-large congressional district gave Clinton her final win during the course of the historic and heavily drawn-out 2008 Democratic Presidential Primary season.

U.S. Representative Stephanie Herseth Sandlin, who had previously endorsed John Edwards, decided to support Obama before her state/congressional district voted in the primary for Clinton.

Republican primary

John McCain of Arizona easily won the June 3, 2008 South Dakota GOP Primary with 70.19% of the statewide/at-large congressional district vote while libertarian-leaning Ron Paul of Texas finished in second place in the state/congressional district with 16.52%.

Election results from presidential races

Year	Office	Results	Political parties that won the district
2000	President	George W. Bush 60 – Al Gore 38%	Republican Party (United States)
2004	President	George W. Bush 60 – John Kerry 38%	Republican Party (United States)
2008	President	John McCain 53 – Barack Obama 45%	Republican Party (United States)
2012	President	Mitt Romney 58 – Barack Obama 40%	Republican Party (United States)
2016	President	Donald Trump 62 – Hillary Clinton 32%	Republican Party (United States)

Recent elections

2004 special election

Incumbent U.S. Representative Bill Janklow resigned the seat January 20, 2004, after he was convicted of second-degree manslaughter, triggering a special election. Democrat Stephanie Herseth was selected as the Democratic nominee for this special election and she defeated Republican Larry Diedrich with 51 percent of the vote in a close-fought election on June 1, 2004. Herseth's victory briefly gave the state its first all-Democratic congressional delegation since 1937.

2004 general election

In the November general election, Herseth was elected to a full term with 53.4 percent of the vote, an increase of a few percentage points compared with the even closer June special elections. Herseth's vote margin in June was about 3,000 votes, but by November it had grown to over 29,000.

Herseth thereby became the first woman in state history to win a full term in the U.S. Congress.

Both elections were hard-fought and close compared to many House races in the rest of the United States, and the special election was watched closely by a national audience. The general election was also viewed as one of the most competitive in the country, but was overshadowed in the state by the highly competitive U.S. Senate race between Democrat Tom Daschle and Republican John Thune, which Thune narrowly won.

2006 election

South Dakota's At-Large Congressional District Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (inc.)	230,468	69.09	+15.73
	Republican	Bruce Whalen	97,864	29.34	−16.57
	Libertarian	Larry Rudebusch	5,230	1.57	+0.85
	Democratic hold		Swing
Turnout			333,562

2008 election

South Dakota's At-Large Congressional District Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (inc.)	256,041	67.56	−1.53
	Republican	Chris Lien	122,966	32.44	+3.10
	Democratic hold		Swing
Turnout			379,007

2010 election

South Dakota's At-Large Congressional District Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Democratic	Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (inc.)	146,589	45.89	−21.67
	Republican	Kristi Noem	153,703	48.12	+15.68
	Independent	B. Thomas Marking	19,134	5.99	+5.99
	Republican gain from Democratic		Swing
Turnout			319,426

2012 election

South Dakota's At-Large Congressional District Election, 2012
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Republican	Kristi Noem (inc.)	207,640	57.45	+9.33
	Democratic	Matt Varilek	153,789	42.55	−3.34
	Republican hold		Swing
Turnout			361,429

List of representatives

Two seats were created in 1889. They were changed into three districts in 1913. One at-large seat remained after 1983.

Years	Seat A			Seat B
Years	Representative	Party	Electoral history	Representative	Party	Electoral history
November 2, 1889 – March 3, 1891	John Pickler	Republican	First elected in 1889. Re-elected in 1890. Re-elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. Retired.	Oscar S. Gifford	Republican	Was Dakota Territory's territorial delegate Elected in 1889. Lost renomination.
March 4, 1891 – August 14, 1891				John Rankin Gamble	Republican	Elected in 1890. Died.
August 14, 1891 – December 7, 1891				Vacant
December 7, 1891 – March 3, 1893				John L. Jolley	Republican	Elected to finish Gamble's term. Retired.
March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895				William V. Lucas	Republican	Elected in 1892. Lost renomination.
March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1897				Robert J. Gamble	Republican	Elected in 1894. Lost re-election.
March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1899	John Edward Kelley	Populist	Elected in 1896. Lost re-election.	Freeman Knowles	Populist	Elected in 1896. [Data unknown/missing.]
March 4, 1899 – March 3, 1901	Charles H. Burke	Republican	First elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Lost renomination.	Robert J. Gamble	Republican	Elected in 1898. Retired to run for U.S. Senate.
March 4, 1901 – March 3, 1903				Eben Martin	Republican	First elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Retired to run for U.S. Senate.
March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1905
March 4, 1905 – March 3, 1907
March 4, 1907 – June 26, 1908	Philo Hall	Republican	Elected in 1906. Lost renomination.	William H. Parker	Republican	Elected in 1906. Died.
June 26, 1908 – November 3, 1908				Vacant
November 3, 1908 – March 3, 1909				Eben Martin	Republican	First elected to finish Parker's term Elected to next full term Re-elected in 1910. Redistricted to the 3rd district, and was re-elected there in 1912.
March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1911	Charles H. Burke	Republican	First elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Redistricted to the 1st district, and was re-elected there in 1912.
March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1913	Charles H. Burke	Republican
In 1913, the two at-large seats were replaced by three districts. There were no at-large seats, therefore, until 1983.
By 1983, the remaining two district seats were reduced to one at-large seat.
January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985	Tom Daschle	Democratic	Redistricted from the 1st district, and re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Retired to run for U.S. Senate.
January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1987	Tom Daschle	Democratic
January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1989	Tim Johnson	Democratic	First elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Retired to run for U.S. Senate.
January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1991
January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993
January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
January 3, 1997 – January 3, 1999	John Thune	Republican	First elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Retired to run for U.S. Senate.
January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001
January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
January 3, 2003 – January 20, 2004	Bill Janklow	Republican	Elected in 2002. Resigned when convicted of vehicular manslaughter.
January 20, 2004 – June 3, 2004	Vacant
June 3, 2004 – January 3, 2005	Stephanie Herseth Sandlin	Democratic	First elected to finish Janklow's term. Elected to full term in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Lost re-election.
January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013	Kristi Noem	Republican	First elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016.
January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015
January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
January 3, 2017 – present

References

↑ Bureau, Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
↑ "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

External links

2004 campaign finance data

Coordinates: 44°30′N 100°00′W / 44.5°N 100°W / 44.5; -100

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[1] Bureau, Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov. Retrieved 16 April 2018.

[Cook-2] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.