Robin Day

Sir Robin Day
Election Night 1970
Born	(1923-10-24)24 October 1923 Hampstead Garden Suburb, London, England
Died	6 August 2000(2000-08-06) (aged 76) St John's Wood, London, England
Nationality	British
Alma mater	St Edmund Hall, Oxford
Occupation	Broadcaster, journalist, lawyer
Spouse(s)	Katherine Ainslie (1965–1986; divorced)
Children	2
Military career
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1943–47
Rank	Lieutenant
Unit	Royal Artillery

Sir Robin Day (24 October 1923 – 6 August 2000) was a British political broadcaster and commentator.^[1][2]

Day's obituary in The Guardian by Dick Taverne stated that he was "the most outstanding television journalist of his generation. He transformed the television interview, changed the relationship between politicians and television, and strove to assert balance and rationality into the medium's treatment of current affairs".^[3]

Early life

Day was born in Hampstead Garden Suburb, London, the youngest of four children^[3] born to a Post Office telephone engineer who became a telephone manager.^[4] He attended Brentwood School from 1934 to 1938,^[5] briefly attended the Crypt School, Gloucester, and later Bembridge School on the Isle of Wight.

During and after World War II, between 1943 and 1947, he served with the British Army in East Africa, where he reached the rank of Captain but was demoted to Lieutenant as part of a cull of rear-echelon jobs.

After the war Day attended St Edmund Hall, Oxford, and, while a student, was elected president of the Oxford Union debating society. Day also took part in a debating tour of the United States, run by the English-Speaking Union.

He was called to the Bar at Middle Temple in 1952, but practised only briefly.^[6] In his memoirs he recorded that he secured the acquittal of a lorry-driver accused of indecent exposure by persuading the magistrates that the man had been "shaking the drops from his person" after urinating, and by getting the man's young wife to testify, wearing a tight sweater, that she and her husband enjoyed a healthy love life.

Media

Day spent almost his entire working life in journalism. He rose to prominence on the new Independent Television News (ITN) from 1955. According to Dick Taverne, Day first came to notice by interviewing Sir Kenneth Clark, then chairman of the regulator Independent Television Authority. The ITA had proposed to cut ITN's broadcasting hours and finances. His direct, non-deferential approach was then entirely new.^[3] Day was the first British journalist to interview Egypt's President Nasser after the Suez Crisis.

In 1958, he interviewed Prime Minister Harold Macmillan, in what the Daily Express called: "the most vigorous cross-examination a prime minister has been subjected to in public". The interview turned Day into a television personality and was probably the first time that British television became a serious part of the political process. He was on the staff of ITN for four years, resigning to stand in the 1959 General Election as a Liberal Party candidate for Hereford but failed to win.^[3][6] After a brief period at the News Chronicle, he moved to the BBC.

He was a regular fixture on all BBC general election night programmes from the 1960s until 1987. On television, he presented Panorama and chaired Question Time (1979–89). His incisive and sometimes – by the standards of the day – abrasive interviewing style, together with his heavy-rimmed spectacles and trademark bow tie, made him an instantly recognisable and frequently impersonated figure over five decades.

In the early 1970s, Day was involved on BBC Radio, where he proved an innovator with It's Your Line (1970–76). This was a national phone-in programme that enabled ordinary people, for the first time, to put questions directly to the prime minister and other politicians (it later spawned Election Call). He also presented The World at One, from 1979 to 1987. In the 1981 New Year Honours, he was knighted for his services to broadcasting.

He became known in British broadcasting as 'the Grand Inquisitor' for his abrasive interviewing of politicians, a style out of keeping with the British media's culture of deference to authority that prevailed during the early days of his career.

In October 1982, during a Newsnight interview with the Conservative Secretary of State for Defence John Nott, pursuing cuts in defence expenditure, in particular Royal Navy, he posed the question: "Why should the public on this issue believe you, a transient, here today and, if I may say so, gone tomorrow politician rather than a senior officer of many years' experience?" Nott, who had announced he was to retire at the next general election, removed his microphone, and walked off the set.^[6] Nott's autobiography in 2003 was called Here Today Gone Tomorrow: Recollections of an Errant Politician.

After leaving Question Time, he moved to the new satellite service BSB where he presented the weekly political discussion programme Now Sir Robin. When BSB merged with Sky Television, the programme continued to be broadcast on Sky News for a while. On the night of the 1992 General Election, Day resumed his role as interviewer, this time on ITN's general election night coverage, broadcast on ITV.

In the mid-1990s, he regularly contributed to the lunchtime Channel Four political programme Around the House and also presented Central Lobby for Central, the ITV franchise in the Midlands. The show was sometimes broadcast at the same time as his old programme, Question Time was being broadcast by the BBC.

For 25 years he campaigned tirelessly, and eventually successfully, for the televising of parliament – not in the interests of television, but of parliament itself. He claimed that he was the first to present the detailed arguments in favour, in a Hansard Society paper in 1963.^[7]

Monty Python's Flying Circus often used Day as a reference, including the 'Eddie Baby' sketch in which John Cleese turns to the camera and states: "Robin Day's got a hedgehog called Frank". In another sketch, Eric Idle said he was able to return his "Robin Day tie" to Harrods. He was also spoofed (as "Robin Yad") on The Goodies' episode "Saturday Night Grease". Day appeared as himself on an instalment of the Morecambe & Wise show, in which he berates Ernie Wise in character. Then Eric Morecambe, acting as a TV presenter, says, "Sadly, we've come to the end of today's "Friendly Discussion with Robin Day".

He was also frequently lampooned by the satirical TV programme Spitting Image. In this, his most famous examples of lampoonery were his interviews with the then prime minister Margaret Thatcher and how she would always give an answer somewhat vague to the question, and his breathing difficulties which affected him later in life. "My name is Robin (deep breath) Day!"

Day's two autobiographies were entitled Day by Day (1975) and Grand Inquisitor (1989).

Personal life

In 1965, Day married Katherine Ainslie, an Australian law don at St Anne's College, Oxford; the couple had two sons. The marriage was dissolved in 1986. One of the tragedies of his life was that his elder son never fully recovered from the effects of multiple skull fractures he sustained in a childhood fall.

In the 1980s, Day had a coronary bypass, and he suffered from breathing problems that were often evident when he was on the air. He had always fought against a tendency to put on weight. As an undergraduate, he weighed 17 st 0 lb (108 kg; 238 lb), and claimed that, in the course of his life, he had succeeded in losing more weight than any other person.

The broadcaster Joan Bakewell recalled that whilst Day was professional when in the office, he possessed an acerbically doubtful view of the increasing tendency in the latter half of the 20th Century in British television to use women to present news and current affairs broadcasts based primarily upon their physical attractiveness: "Socially he was a menace. There was no subtlety in his manner: at office parties he would attack head on. 'Do the men you interview fancy you? Do they stare at your legs? Do they stare at your breasts? Do you sleep with many of them?' ... Whenever he loomed in sight, I made myself scarce".^[8]

Death

Day died from heart complications, aged 76, on the evening of 6 August 2000, at the Wellington Hospital in London.^[9] A funeral service was held at the chapel of Mortlake Crematorium, where his body was cremated. His ashes were interred in a grave near the south door of the Church of St Candida and Holy Cross, at Whitchurch Canonicorum, Dorset. The grave's memorial stone bears the words: "In loving memory of Sir Robin Day - The Grand Inquisitor".

References

External links

• Sir Robin Day: 1923–2000 from the BBC
• Tributes from the BBC