River Subdivision (Canadian Pacific Railway)

River Subdivision
	Amtrak's Empire Builder passes through Maple Springs in 2009.
Overview
Termini	Saint Paul, Minnesota; La Crescent, Minnesota
Operation
Owner	Canadian Pacific Railway
Operator(s)	Amtrak, Canadian Pacific Railway
Technical
Line length	124 mi (200 km)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Route map

The River Subdivision or River Sub is a railway line along the Mississippi River that runs approximately 124 miles (200 km) from Saint Paul, Minnesota south to La Crescent.^[1] U.S. Highway 61 closely parallels the route between La Crescent and Red Wing,MN. The line is operated by the Canadian Pacific Railway. BNSF Railway operates a complementary St. Croix Subdivision which traces the eastern side of the river in Minnesota and Wisconsin. The two routes share some track between Saint Paul and St. Croix Jct., near Hastings, Minnesota.

The line's origins trace to the Minnesota & Pacific Railroad Company, which started building a line from Saint Paul southward along the river in 1865. The line was completed to Minnesota City in 1870, and made a junction with the Winona and St. Peter Railroad (under control of the Chicago and North Western Railway) in 1871. In December 1871, the river line was sold to the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, and it continued to be operated by the Milwaukee Road for over a century. The Milwaukee Road had a crossing in Winona and immediately made use of their new connection to Saint Paul. They extended the line south to La Crescent in 1872 and built a new bridge over the river to La Crosse, Wisconsin.^[2]

While most of the route has been used by passenger trains since it first opened (the southern crossing was primarily used for freight), one of the most famous trains to use it was Milwaukee Road's Hiawatha, which began service in 1935. Infrastructure for automatic cab signaling had been installed in the 1920s or 1930s, allowing the railroad to operate trains at high speed along the route with a good level of safety. The Hiawatha ran at up to 90 miles per hour (140 km/h) along the river for brief stretches, but the train really made a name for itself by regularly running at over 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) through Wisconsin on its way to Chicago.^[3]

Today, Amtrak's Empire Builder follows the Hiawatha's former route between the Twin Cities and Chicago, and stops at Red Wing and Winona along the River Sub.

References

↑ Don Winter. "Saint Croix Junction to La Crescent". Milwaukee Road Hiawatha Routes. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
↑ History of Winona County, 1883: together with biographical matter, statistics, etc. gathered from matter furnished by interviews with old settlers, county, township and other records, and extracts from files of papers, pamphlets, and such other sources as have been available. Chicago: H. H. Hill and Co. 1883. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
↑ Scribbins, Jim (1970). The Hiawatha Story. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Kalmbach Publishing Company. LCCN 70107874. OCLC 91468.

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[1] Don Winter. "Saint Croix Junction to La Crescent". Milwaukee Road Hiawatha Routes. Retrieved May 31, 2010.

[2] History of Winona County, 1883: together with biographical matter, statistics, etc. gathered from matter furnished by interviews with old settlers, county, township and other records, and extracts from files of papers, pamphlets, and such other sources as have been available. Chicago: H. H. Hill and Co. 1883. Retrieved May 31, 2010.

[3] Scribbins, Jim (1970). The Hiawatha Story. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Kalmbach Publishing Company. LCCN 70107874. OCLC 91468.