Revolution Day (Mexico)


Day of the Revolution
Children from the Montessori Kindergarten singing "La Cucaracha"
Official name Día de la Revolución
Observed by Mexico
Type National
Significance Anniversary of the start of the Mexican Revolution, one of five Fiestas Patrias
Celebrations parades
Date November 20
Frequency annual

Revolution Day is an official Mexican government holiday, celebrated annually in Mexico on November 20th, marking the start of what became the Mexican Revolution.

History

Francisco I. Madero, who called on Mexicans to rise up on November 20, 1910

The Mexican Revolution brought the overthrow of liberal Army general Porfirio Díaz after 35 years as president of Mexico (1876-1911). In the 1910 presidential election, wealthy landowner Francisco I. Madero opposed Díaz. Díaz jailed Madero, who then escaped, issuing the Plan of San Luis Potosí on October 6, 1910. In that plan, Madero declared the results of the 1910 election fraudulent, nullified them, asserted that he was provisional president, and called for Mexicans to rise up against Díaz on November 20, 1910.[1] He wrote "Throw the usurpers from power, recover your rights as free men, and remember that our ancestors left us a heritage of glory which we are not able to stain. Be as they were: invincible in war, magnanimous in victory."[2]

The commemoration is celebrated in Mexico as an official holiday.[3][4][5][6]Until 2006 and again from 2009 to 2013 the national celebrations were located at the Zocalo in Mexico City. Given the recent political and national tragedies that happened in 2014 the parades were called off at the aftermath of the 2014 Iguala mass kidnapping, the biggest national tragedy to date (this was the case also in 2015), and the celebrations happened in the Campo Marte in the capital, thus pushing the national parade up to November 23, Navy Day, with only Mexican Navy personnel in attendance. Thus the national November 20 parades have now been replaced by state level ones, which have been held in major cities all over the nation as per tradition, but in a reduced basis, given recent cancellations due to protest actions on the said date in several state capitals.

Date

Article 74 of the Mexican labor law (Ley Federal del Trabajo) provides that the third Monday of November (regardless the date) will be the official Day of the Revolution holiday in Mexico. This was a modification of the law made in 2005, effective since 2006; before then, it was November 20 regardless of the day, and all schools gave extended holidays if the day was a Tuesday or Thursday.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Stuart F. Voss, "Plan of San Luis Potosí". Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture vol. 4, p. 421. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons 1996.
  2. ↑ quoted in Stanley R. Ross, Francisco I. Madero: Apostle of Democracy. New York: Columbia University Press 1955, p. 116.
  3. ↑ "Revolution Day - 20 de Noviembre - Día de la Revolución". Retrieved 30 June 2011.
  4. ↑ "November 20 Mexico Revolution Day Dia de la Revolución". Archived from the original on 6 September 2011. Retrieved 30 June 2011.
  5. ↑ "Revolución Mexicana - Días festivos y celebraciones en México" (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 June 2011.
  6. ↑ Talavera Franco, Ramón. "LA REVOLUCION MEXICANA" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 July 2011. Retrieved 30 June 2011.


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