QGIS

QGIS
QGIS 2.2 showing the redesigned menus.
Developer(s) QGIS Development Team
Initial release July 2002 (2002-07)
Stable release 3.2.3 (Bonn) (September 14, 2018 (2018-09-14)[1]) [±]
Preview release None [±]
Repository
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Written in C++, Python, Qt
Platform Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android(beta)
Available in Multilingual
Type Geographic information system
License GNU GPLv2
Website qgis.org/en/site/

QGIS (previously known as Quantum GIS) is a free and open-source cross-platform desktop geographic information system (GIS) application that supports viewing, editing, and analysis of geospatial data.[2]

Functionality

QGIS functions as geographic information system (GIS) software, allowing users to analyze and edit spatial information, in addition to composing and exporting graphical maps.[2] QGIS supports both raster and vector layers; vector data is stored as either point, line, or polygon features. Multiple formats of raster images are supported, and the software can georeference images.

QGIS supports shapefiles, coverages, personal geodatabases, dxf, MapInfo, PostGIS, and other formats.[3] Web services, including Web Map Service and Web Feature Service, are also supported to allow use of data from external sources.[4]

QGIS integrates with other open-source GIS packages, including PostGIS, GRASS GIS, and MapServer.[4] Plugins written in Python or C++ extend QGIS's capabilities. Plugins can geocode using the Google Geocoding API, perform geoprocessing functions similar to those of the standard tools found in ArcGIS, and interface with PostgreSQL/PostGIS, SpatiaLite and MySQL databases.

Development

Gary Sherman began development of Quantum GIS in early 2002, and it became an incubator project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation in 2007.[5] Version 1.0 was released in January 2009.[6]

Written in C++, QGIS makes extensive use of the Qt library.[4] In addition to Qt, required dependencies of QGIS include GEOS and SQLite. GDAL, GRASS GIS, PostGIS, and PostgreSQL are also recommended, as they provide access to additional data formats.[7]

A screenshot from QGIS-Android in 2014.

As of 2017, QGIS is available for multiple operating systems including Mac OS X, Linux, Unix, and Microsoft Windows.[8] A mobile version of QGIS was under development for Android as of 2014.[9]

For Mac users, the advantage of QGIS over GRASS GIS is that it does not require the X11 windowing system in order to run, and the interface is much cleaner and faster. QGIS can also be used as a graphical user interface to GRASS. QGIS has a small install footprint on the host file system compared to commercial GISs and generally requires less RAM and processing power; hence it can be used on older hardware or running simultaneously with other applications where CPU power may be limited.

QGIS is maintained by volunteer developers who regularly release updates and bug fixes. As of 2012, developers have translated QGIS into 48 languages and the application is used internationally in academic and professional environments. Several companies offer support and feature development services.[10]

Licensing

As a free software application under GNU GPLv2, QGIS can be freely modified to perform different or more specialized tasks. Two examples are the QGIS Browser and QGIS Server applications, which use the same code for data access and rendering, but present different front-end interfaces.

Adoption

Many public and private organizations have adopted QGIS, including the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of Glarus and Solothurn.[11]

Training

Many QGIS training opportunities are available including dedicated YouTube Channels [12] [13], online tutorials [14], and textbooks [15]


Releases

Screenshot of QGIS 2.8 Wien
Version Codename Release date Significant changes
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.1-alpha July 2002 Import and view data from PostGIS[16]
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.3-alpha 10 August 2002 Added support for shapefiles and other vector formats.[16]
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.4-alpha 15 August 2002 Improvements in layers handling, colorize layers, and view properties in a dialog box.[16]
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.5-alpha 5 October 2002 Bug fixes and improved stability, ability to set line widths, and improved zoom in/out functionality.[16]
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.6 24 November 2002 Improvements to PostGIS connections, layer identify function added, and ability to view and sort attribute tables.[16]
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.7 30 November 2002
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.8 11 December 2002
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.9 25 January 2003
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.10 13 May 2003
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.11 10 June 2003
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.12 10 June 2003
Old version, no longer supported: 0.0.13 8 December 2003
Old version, no longer supported: 0.1pre1 14 February 2004 Added support for raster data; single, continuous, and graduated shading for vector data; ability to create buffers, implemented as a PostGIS plugin.[17][18]
Old version, no longer supported: 0.1 Moroz 25 February 2004
Old version, no longer supported: 0.2 Pumpkin 26 April 2004
Old version, no longer supported: 0.3 Madison 28 May 2004
Old version, no longer supported: 0.4 Baby 4 July 2004
Old version, no longer supported: 0.5 Bandit 5 October 2004
Old version, no longer supported: 0.6 Simon 19 December 2004
Old version, no longer supported: 0.7 Seamus
Old version, no longer supported: 0.7.3 11 October 2005
Old version, no longer supported: 0.8 Joesephine 7 January 2007
Old version, no longer supported: 0.8.1 Titan 15 June 2007
Old version, no longer supported: 0.9.0 26 October 2007
Old version, no longer supported: 0.9.1 Ganymede 6 January 2008
Old version, no longer supported: 0.10 Io 3 May 2008
Old version, no longer supported: 0.11 Metis 21 July 2008
Old version, no longer supported: 1.0 Kore 5 January 2009
Old version, no longer supported: 1.1 Pan 12 May 2009
Old version, no longer supported: 1.2 Daphnis 1 September 2009
Old version, no longer supported: 1.3 Mimas 20 September 2009
Old version, no longer supported: 1.4 Enceladus 10 January 2010
Old version, no longer supported: 1.5 Tethys 29 July 2010
Old version, no longer supported: 1.6 Copiapó 27 November 2010
Old version, no longer supported: 1.7 Wrocław 19 June 2011
Old version, no longer supported: 1.8 Lisboa 21 June 2012 "Mojibake" in Japanese environment.
Old version, no longer supported: 2.0 Dufour 8 September 2013 New vector API, integration of SEXTANTE geoprocessor, symbology and labeling overhaul.
Old version, no longer supported: 2.2 Valmiera 22 February 2014 2.2 changelog[19]
Old version, no longer supported: 2.4 Chugiak 27 June 2014 2.4 changelog
Old version, no longer supported: 2.6 Brighton 1 November 2014 2.6 changelog
Old version, no longer supported: 2.8 LTR Wien 20 February 2015 2.8 changelog
Old version, no longer supported: 2.10 Pisa 26 June 2015 2.10 changelog
Old version, no longer supported: 2.12 Lyon 23 October 2015 2.12 changelog
Old version, no longer supported: 2.14 LTR Essen 29 February 2016 2.14 changelog; latest point release = 2.14.22 from 20 January 2018
Old version, no longer supported: 2.16 Nødebo 8 July 2016 2.16 changelog
Older version, yet still supported: 2.18 LTR Las Palmas 21 October 2016 Final release in the 2.x series.[20] Based on Qt4, Python 2.7. Latest point release = 2.18.21 from 22 June 2018. 2.18 changelog
Old version, no longer supported: 3.0 Girona 23 February 2018 Based on Qt5, PyQt5, and Python 3.[21]. Latest point release = 3.0.3 from 18 May 2018. 3.0 changelog
Current stable version: 3.2 Bonn 22 June 2018 3.2 changelog
Future release: 3.4 LTR 26 October 2018
Future release: 3.6 22 February 2019
Future release: 3.8 28 June 2019
Legend:
Old version
Older version, still supported
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

References

  1. ↑ "QGIS Releases". Retrieved 16 September 2018 – via GitHub.
  2. 1 2 "QGIS Official Website". QGIS. Retrieved 16 October 2013.
  3. ↑ Gray, James (2008-03-26). "Getting Started With Quantum GIS". Linux Journal.
  4. 1 2 3 Cavallini, Paolo (August 2007). "Free GIS desktop and analyses: QuantumGIS, the easy way". The Global Geospatial Magazine.
  5. ↑ OSGeo (February 2008). "OSGeo Annual Report 2007".
  6. ↑ Tim Sutton (January 23, 2009). "Announcing the release of QGIS 1.0 'Kore'". Retrieved 2009-01-26.
  7. ↑ "Project details for Quantum GIS - Quantum GIS 0.9.0". Freshmeat. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
  8. ↑ "Download QGIS". QGIS.org. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
  9. ↑ "QGIS for Android". Archived from the original on 21 October 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  10. ↑ "Commercial support". www.qgis.org. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
  11. ↑ "QuantumGIS (QGIS) – freie GIS-Software". Land Vorarlberg. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
  12. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEG4qT_nMsCVEb0D0V8KFYJFC2UvXiipD
  13. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lg9ceXoCUFE
  14. ↑ https://www.qgistutorials.com/en/
  15. ↑ https://www.packtpub.com/big-data-and-business-intelligence/mastering-qgis-second-edition
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 "QGIS Change Log". Open Source Geospatial Foundation. 2004-03-09. Retrieved 2008-12-13.
  17. ↑ "README for QGIS version 0.1pre1 'Moroz'". Open Source Geospatial Foundation. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
  18. ↑ "Quantum GIS 0.1pre1 (Development)". Freshmeat News. Freshmeat. 2004-02-14. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
  19. ↑ Fischer, Jürgen E. "Announcing the release of QGIS 2.2". OSGeo.org. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  20. ↑ "Changelog for QGIS 2.18". QQIS.org. October 21, 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
  21. ↑ Sutton, Tim (January 17, 2016). "Help us to plan for QGIS 3.0". QGIS.org. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
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