Propionate

Propionate
Names
	IUPAC name Propionate
	Other names Propanoate, Propanoic acid, ion(1-)
Identifiers
CAS Number	72-03-7;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	94556;
PubChem CID	104745;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H6O2/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5)/p-1 Key: XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M; InChI=1S/C3H6O2/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5)/p-1 Key: XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M;
	SMILES CCC(=O)[O-];
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H5O2−
Appearance	Colorless, oily liquid
Density	0.993 g/mL at 20°C[1]
Melting point	−21.5 °C (−6.7 °F; 251.7 K)[1]
Boiling point	141.1 °C (286.0 °F; 414.2 K)[1]
Hazards
Main hazards	Flammable, Corrosive
Flash point	52 °C (126 °F; 325 K)[1]
Autoignition; temperature	465 °C (869 °F; 738 K)[1]
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	Infobox references

The propionate, or propanoate ion, is C₂H₅COO⁻ (the conjugate base of propionic acid).

A propionic, or propanoic, compound is a small salt or ester of propionic acid. In these compounds, propionate is often written in shorthand, as CH₃CH₂CO₂ or simply EtCO₂.

Propionates should not be confused with propenoates (commonly known as acrylates), the ions/salts/esters of propenoic acid (also known as 2-propenoic acid or acrylic acid).

Propionate is observed to be among the most common short-chain fatty acids produced by human gut microbiota in response to indigestible carbohydrates (fiber) in the diet.^[2] A study in mice suggests that propionate is produced by the bacteria of the genus Bacteroides in the gut, and that it offers some protection against Salmonella there.^[3]

Examples

Sodium propionate, NaC₂H₅CO₂
Methyl propionate, (C₂H₅(CO)OCH₃)
Calcium propionate, Ca(C₂H₅CO₂)₂
Potassium propionate, KC₂H₅CO₂
Fluticasone propionate, C₂₅H₃₁F₃O₅S

References

1 2 3 4 5 "propionate | C3H5O2- - PubChem". PubChem.
↑ How gut microbes talk to organs: The role of endocrine and nervous routes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5004142 | Section 2.1, paragraph 2: The microbial fermentation of carbohydrates in the gut typically produces acetate, propionate, butyrate, and lactate, which are specific SCFAs.
↑ http://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2018/07/gut-bacteria-byproduct-protects-against-salmonella.html

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[PubChem-1] 1 2 3 4 5 "propionate | C3H5O2- - PubChem". PubChem.

[2] How gut microbes talk to organs: The role of endocrine and nervous routes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5004142 | Section 2.1, paragraph 2: The microbial fermentation of carbohydrates in the gut typically produces acetate, propionate, butyrate, and lactate, which are specific SCFAs.

[3] ttp://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2018/07/gut-bacteria-byproduct-protects-against-salmonella.html