Pillory of Aguiar da Beira

Pillory of Aguiar da Beira (Pelourinho de Aguiar da Beira)
Pillory (Pelourinho)
A view of the pillory in the Largo dos Monumentos Nacionais
Official name: Pelourinho de Aguiar da Beira
Name origin: Portuguese pillory of the municipality of Aguiar da Beira
Country  Portugal
Region Centro
Subregion Dão-Lafões
District Guarda
Municipality Aguiar da Beira
Location Aguiar da Beira e Coruche
 - coordinates 40°48′58.7″N 7°32′42.1″W / 40.816306°N 7.545028°W / 40.816306; -7.545028Coordinates: 40°48′58.7″N 7°32′42.1″W / 40.816306°N 7.545028°W / 40.816306; -7.545028
Architects unknown
Style Manueline
Materials Granite, Iron
Origin 1120
 - Initiated 1512
Owner Portuguese Republic
For public Public
Easiest access Largo dos Monumentos Nacionais
Management Instituto Gestão do Patrimonio Arquitectónico e Arqueológico
Operator Aguiar da Beira e Coruche[1]
Status Monumento Nacional
National Monument
Listing Decree 16 June 1910, Diário do Governo, 136 (26 June 1910); Special Protection Zone (ZEP), Dispatch, Diário do Governo, Série 2, 125 (26 May 1964)
Wikimedia Commons: Pelourinho de Aguiar da Beira

The Pillory of Aguiar da Beira (Portuguese: Pelourinho de Aguiar da Beira) is a pillory located in the civil parish of Aguiar da Beira e Coruche, in the municipality of Aguiar da Beira, Portuguese district of Guarda.

History

In 1120, either D. Teresa or Afonso Henriques issued a foral (charter) for the territory.[2][3] This administrative title was reformed in 1258 under the reign of D. Afonso III.[2][3]

But in 1512, King D. Manuel I renewed the foral, at the same time that pillory was installed or re-installed.[2][3]

By 1708, the settlement had 160 neighbours, and was likely in the possession of the Order of Christ.[2] In the 4 June 1758 Memórias Paroquiais, the parish priest José Cardoso das Neves, referred to Aguiar da Beira as a possession of the Casa do Infantado, under the title of the Infante D. Pedro.[2] By that time, it supported two judges, three representatives and prosecutor, as well as a population of 159 residents.[2]

In 1896, the municipality was extinguished and its territory integrated into Trancoso.[2]

The municipality was reestablished in 1989.[2]

Architecture

The pillory is situated in the middle of the principal square, between the Rua da Misericórdia, Rua Direita, Rua de Baixo and Rua do Castanheiro.[2][3] The old square, central to the historic part of the town, is dominated by various important architectural structures, dating to as early as the Middle Ages.[3] Erected close by is impotent tower and simple fountain (from the 14th century), the manorhouse Casa dos Magistrados (15th century) and former Casa da Câmara (the 18th century municipal hall), resulting in the square being known as the Largo dos Monumentos (square of the monuments).[3] Along with the pillory, the Torre Ameada and Fonte Ameada have been classified as Monumentos Nacionais (National Monument).[2][3]

The granite structure is supported on a four-step octagonal base with lip, from which rises an octagonal column on square, beveled base, with an iron ring half-way up its height.[2] The capital is decorated with subsectional ring and topped by a cage, with the lower part in shape of an inverted and truncated pyramid with rings.[2] The hat-shaped inverted octagonal pyramid, with the base decorated with incised rings and crowned by armillary sphere. The base and the capital decorated by rings and half spheres.[2]

References

Notes

  1. ↑ Effected to the local parish authority, under Article 3, Dec. 23 122 (11 October 1933)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Conceição, Margarida (1992), SIPA, ed., Pelourinho de Aguiar da Beira (IPA.00001372/PT020901010001) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 6 September 2016
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IGESPAR, ed. (2016), Pelourinho de Aguiar da Beira (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: IGESPAR - Instituto Gestão do Patrimonio Arquitectónico e Arqueológico, retrieved 6 September 2016

Sources

  • Almeida, José António Ferreira de (1980), Tesouros Artísticos de Portugal (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal
  • Catarino, Nuno Catarino (1936), Pelourinhos das Beiras (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal
  • Chaves, Luís (1930), Pelourinhos Portugueses (in Portuguese), Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
  • Costa, António Carvalho da (Padre) (1708), Corografia Portugueza… (in Portuguese), II, Lisbon, Portugal: Valentim da Costa Deslandes
  • Costa, Fernando Jorge dos Santos; Portugal, José Alves (1985), Aguiar da Beira, a História, a Terra e as Gentes (in Portuguese), Aguiar da Beira, Portugal
  • Malafaia, E.B. de Ataíde (1997), Pelourinhos Portugueses - tentâmen de inventário geral (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Imprensa Nacional/Casa da Moeda
  • Sousa, Júlio Rocha e (1998), Pelourinhos do Distrito da Guarda (in Portuguese), Viseu, Portugal
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