Panorpida

Panorpida
Celastrina argiolus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Clade:Euarthropoda
Class:Insecta
(unranked):Endopterygota
Superorder:Panorpida
Clades

Panorpida or Mecopterida is a proposed superorder of Endopterygota. The conjectured monophyly of the Panorpida is based on morphological, not genomic evidence, namely the reduction or loss of the ovipositor and several internal characteristics, including a muscle connecting a pleura and first axillary sclerite at the base of the wing, various structures of larval maxilla and labium, and basal fusion of CuP and A1 veins in hind wings.[1][2] The monophyly of the Panorpida is also supported by molecular data.[3]

Panzygothoraca, part of Endopterygota

Panorpida

Antliophora

 

Diptera

 
 

 

Mecoptera (scorpionflies, hangingflies, 400 spp.) (exc. Boreidae)

 
 

 

Boreidae (snow scorpionflies, 30 spp.)

 
 

Siphonaptera (fleas, 2500 spp.)

 
 
 
 
Amphiesmenoptera

 

Trichoptera (caddisflies)

 
 

Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths)

 
 
 
 

Hymenoptera (sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)

 
 

References

  1. ↑ Kristensen, Niels Peder (1975). "The phylogeny of hexapod "orders". A critical review of recent accounts". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 1 (13): 1–44. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.1975.tb00226.x.
  2. ↑ Kristensen, Niels Peder (1991). "Phylogeny of extant hexapods". Insects of Australia: 126–140.
  3. ↑ Grimaldi, David; Engel, Michael, S. (2005). Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press. p. 468. ISBN 978-0-521-82149-0.
  • Minet, J.; Huang, D-y.; Wu, H.; Nel, A. 2010: Early Mecopterida and the systematic position of the Microptysmatidae (Insecta: Endopterygota). Annales de la Société entomologique de France (n.s.), 46: 262-270. ISSN 0037-9271
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