Octafluoropropane

Octafluoropropane
Names
	IUPAC name Octafluoropropane
	Other names Freon 218; Perfluoropropane; RC 218, PFC 218; R218; Flutec PP30; genetron 218
Identifiers
CAS Number	76-19-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:31980 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1663 ;
ChemSpider	6192 ;
DrugBank	DB00556 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.857
KEGG	D01738 ;
PubChem CID	6432;
RTECS number	TZ5255000
UNII	CK0N3WH0SR ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3F8/c4-1(5,2(6,7)8)3(9,10)11 Key: QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C3F8/c4-1(5,2(6,7)8)3(9,10)11 Key: QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYAL;
	SMILES FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F;
Properties
Chemical formula	C3F8
Molar mass	188.02 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless gas with; faintly sweet odor
Density	8.17 g/l, gas
Melting point	−183 °C (−297.4 °F; 90.1 K)
Boiling point	−36.7 °C (−34.1 °F; 236.5 K)
Structure
Dipole moment	0.014 D
Hazards
Main hazards	Suffocation
Safety data sheet	See: data page
R/S statement (outdated)	R: ?; S: ?
NFPA 704	0 1 0
Flash point	N/A
Related compounds
Related halocarbons	Tetrafluoromethane; Hexafluoroethane
Related compounds	Propane
Supplementary data page
Structure and; properties	Refractive index (n),; Dielectric constant (εr), etc.
Thermodynamic; data	Phase behaviour; solid–liquid–gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

Octafluoropropane (C₃F₈) is a fluorocarbon non-flammable greenhouse gas that can be produced either by electrochemical fluorination or by the Fowler process using cobalt fluoride.^[1]

Applications

In the electronics industry, octafluoropropane is mixed with oxygen and used as a plasma etching material for SiO₂ layers in semiconductor applications, as oxides are selectively etched versus their metal substrates.^[2]

In medicine, octafluoropropane may compose the gas cores of microbubble contrast agents used in contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Octafluoropropane microbubbles reflect sound waves well and are used to improve the ultrasound signal backscatter.

It is used in eye surgery, such as pars plana vitrectomy procedures where a retina hole or tear is repaired. The gas provides a long-term tamponade, or plug, of a retinal hole or tear and allows re-attachment of the retina to occur over the several days following the procedure.

Under the name R-218, octafluoropropane is used in other industries as a component of refrigeration mixtures.

It has been featured in some plans for terraforming Mars. With a greenhouse gas effect 24,000 times greater than CO2, octafluoropropane could dramatically reduce the time and resources it takes to terraform Mars.^[3]

It is the active liquid in PICO-2L dark matter bubble detector (joined PICASSO and COUPP collaborations).

Liquid phase

Liquid density (1.013 bar at boiling point) : 1601 kg/m³
Liquid/gas equivalent (1.013 bar and 15 °C (59 °F)) : 196 vol/vol
Latent heat of vaporization (1.013 bar at boiling point) : 104.25 kJ/kg^[4]

Gaseous phase

Gas density (1.013 bar at boiling point) : 10.3 kg/m³
Gas density (1.013 bar and 15 °C (59 °F)) : 8.17 kg/m³
Compressibility Factor (Z) (1.013 bar and 15 °C (59 °F)) : 0.975
Specific gravity (air = 1) (1.013 bar and 21 °C (70 °F)) : 6.683
Specific volume (1.013 bar and 21 °C (70 °F)) : 0.125 m³/kg
Viscosity (1.013 bar and 0 °C (32 °F)) : 0.000125 Poise
Thermal conductivity (1.013 bar and 0 °C (32 °F)) : 12.728 mW/(m·K)
Thermal Conductivity, Gas @ 101.325 kPa and 25 °C: 13.8 mW/(m·K)
Vapour Pressure @ 21.1 °C: 792 kPa^[4]

Major hazards

References

↑ Fowler RD, Buford III WB, Hamilton Jr JM, Sweet RG, Weber CE, Kasper JS, Litant I (1947). "Synthesis of Fluorocarbons". Ind. Eng. Chem. 39 (3): 292–298. doi:10.1021/ie50447a612.
↑ Coburn, J. W. (1982). "Plasma-assisted etching". Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing. 2 (1): 1–41. doi:10.1007/BF00566856.
↑ D. Rogers (17–21 October 2005). Studies in the Future of Experimental Terraforming (PDF). 56th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation. Fukuoka, Japan: International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law.
1 2 "Encyclopédie des gaz". air liquide.

External links

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[1] Fowler RD, Buford III WB, Hamilton Jr JM, Sweet RG, Weber CE, Kasper JS, Litant I (1947). "Synthesis of Fluorocarbons". Ind. Eng. Chem. 39 (3): 292–298. doi:10.1021/ie50447a612.

[2] Coburn, J. W. (1982). "Plasma-assisted etching". Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing. 2 (1): 1–41. doi:10.1007/BF00566856.

[3] D. Rogers (17–21 October 2005). Studies in the Future of Experimental Terraforming (PDF). 56th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation. Fukuoka, Japan: International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law.

[enzy-4] 1 2 "Encyclopédie des gaz". air liquide.