Nematinae

Nematinae
Hemichroa australis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Suborder: Symphyta
Superfamily: Tenthredinoidea
Family: Tenthredinidae
Subfamily: Nematinae
Genera

see text

Nematinae is a subfamily of sawflies belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. It contains over 1000 described species. Members of this subfamily feed on a wide range of plants (over twenty plant families have been recorded as hosts) and employ a wide range of feeding habits, both internally and externally, on their host plants.

Most groups of insects tend to have maximum numbers of species in the tropics and decrease towards the poles. The Nematinae reverse this trend, with the highest number probably occurring in the boreal forest zone. The reason is not fully understood but could be because of the abundance of species of willow (Salix species) in the region.[1] In 2014 species feeding on willow, in the Eupontania, Phyllocolpa, Pontania and Tubpontania genera were placed in the Euura, reflecting advances in the understanding of their phylogeny.[2]

Genera

Genera include:

  • Amauronematus
  • Anoplonyx
  • Bacconematus
  • Brachycoluma
  • Caulocampus
  • Craesus
  • Dineura
  • Eitelius
  • Endophytus
  • Epicenematus
  • Euura
  • Fagineura
  • Fallocampus
  • Hemichroa
  • Larinematus
  • Melastola
  • Mesoneura
  • Micronematus
  • Nematinus
  • Nematus
  • Neopareophora
  • Pachynematus
  • Paranematus
  • Phyllocolpa
  • Pikonema
  • Platycampus
  • Polynematus
  • Pontania
  • Pontopristia
  • Pristicampus
  • Pristiphora
  • Pristola
  • Pseudodineura
  • Sharliphora
  • Stauronematus

References

  1. ↑ Liston, Andrew D; Heibo, Erik; Prous, Marko; Vardal, Hege; Nyman, Tommi; Vikberg, Veli. "North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae)". Zootaxa. 4302 (1): 5. ISSN 1175-5334.
  2. ↑ Prous, M; Blank, S M; Goulet, H; Heibo, E; Liston, A; Malm, T; Nyman, T; Schmidt, S; Smith, D R; Vardal, H; Viitasaari, M; Vikberg, V; Taeger, A (2014). "The genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)". Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 40: 1–69.
  • Nyman, T; et al. (2006). "Larval Habits, Host-plant Associations and Speciation in Nematine Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)" (PDF). Evolution. 60 (8): 1622–1637. doi:10.1554/05-674.1. PMID 17017063. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-11.
  • Smith, David R (March 2003). "A Synopsis of the Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America South of the United States: Tenthredinidae (Nematinae, Heterarthrinae, Tenthredininae)". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 129 (1): 1–45. JSTOR 25078795.


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