Ministry of Finance (Japan)

Ministry of Finance
財務省
Zaimushō

Ministry of Finance building
Agency overview
Formed June 1, 2001 (2001-06-01)
Preceding agency
  • Ministry of Finance (大蔵省, Ōkura-shō) (-2001)
Jurisdiction  Japan
Headquarters 3-1-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan 〒100-8940
Ministers responsible
Parent agency Government of Japan
Child agency
Website http://www.mof.go.jp

The Ministry of Finance (財務省, Zaimu-shō) is one of the cabinet-level ministries of the Japanese government. The ministry was once named Ōkura-shō (大蔵省). The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Finance (財務大臣, Zaimu-daijin), who is a member of the Cabinet and is typically chosen from members of the Diet by the Prime Minister.

Overview

Ministry of Finance Entrance

The Ministry's origin was back in the 6th century, when the Ōkura (大蔵) was established as a state treasury in ancient Japan. When a modern system of government was introduced after the Meiji Restoration, the Ministry of Finance (大蔵省, Ōkura-shō) was established as a government body in charge of public finance and monetary affairs. It is said that new ministry employees are subtly reminded that the Ōkura-shō predates by some 1269 years when the new Constitution was imposed on the nation by the U.S. occupation forces in 1947.[1]

The Ministry has long been regarded as the most powerful ministry in the Japanese government. After various financial scandals revealed in the 1990s, however, the Ministry lost its power over banking supervision to a newly established Financial Services Agency. It also lost most of its control over monetary policy to the Bank of Japan when the Diet passed a new Bank of Japan Law in 1998. In addition, it lost its ancient Japanese name in January 2001, to be renamed as Zaimu-shō (財務省), although its English name remained the same.

Despite this renaming, the Japanese people still use a former term Ōkura-daijin (大蔵大臣), meaning a person controlling a budget (e.g. housewives for family budget matters).

In financial markets, the Ministry is famous for its active foreign exchange policy. Its top civil servant on the international side, Vice Minister of Finance for International Affairs, is often quoted in the financial press. Former Vice Minister Eisuke Sakakibara was known as "Mr Yen", whereas his successors Haruhiko Kuroda and Zembei Mizoguchi were often referred to as "Mr. Asian Currency" and "Mr. Dollar", respectively.

The current Minister of Finance is Tarō Asō.

Organizational Structure

The Ministry is organized in six bureaus that provide the overall functions of the ministry:[2]

  • Minister's Secretariat
  • Budget Bureau
  • Tax Bureau
  • Customs and Tariff Bureau (trading as Japan Customs)
  • Financial Bureau
  • International Bureau

Independent Administrative Institutions

Six Independent Administrative Institutions are under the Ministry's control:

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lamont-Brown, Raymond. "The Ministry: The Inside Story of Japan's Ministry of Finance -- a book review", Contemporary Review. August, 1998.]
  2. ↑ "Functions". Ministry of Finance. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
  • Hartcher. (1998) The Ministry: The Inside Story of Japan's Ministry of Finance. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-00-255854-8.

Further reading

  • Department of Finance. Financial and Economical Annual of Japan. Tokyo: Government Printing Office – via Hathi Trust. 1901-

Coordinates: 35°40′23″N 139°44′56″E / 35.673°N 139.749°E / 35.673; 139.749

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