Military government of Gholam-Reza Azhari

Military government of Gholam Reza Azhari

Military cabinet of Imperial State of Iran
Prime Minister
Date formed 6 November 1978 (1978-11-06)
Date dissolved 31 December 1978 (1978-12-31)
People and organisations
Head of state Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Head of government General Gholam Reza Azhari
Head of government's history
Deputy head of government Ali Fardad
No. of ministers 18
History
Legislature term(s) 24th Iranian Majlis
Predecessor Sharif-Emami II
Successor Bakhtiar

Shah ordered Gholam Reza Azhari at 5 November 1978 to lead the Military government at the time of growing Protests in the country.[1] The selection of General Azhari was taken as an indirect signal to the revolutionaries that the regime had lost its resolve to resist and play it tough.[2]

Of the eleven cabinet ministers appointed by Azhari, only six were military, and even this number was whittled down in the following weeks. The military cabinet members, for the most part, had no experience in their respective areas of responsibility. In short, the hotly debated change to a military government was, in practice, more cosmetic than real.[1]

Among Azhari's first acts were the arrest and imprisonment of former Prime Minister Hoveida, the former head of SAVAK, the former head of the national police, the former mayor of Tehran and several more former ministers and high dignitaries. These wanton acts were again carried out in the hope of appeasing the revolutionaries.[2]

On the eve of 20 December, Prime Minister Gholam Reza Azhari suffered a massive heart attack. He tendered his resignation to the Shah on 31 December 1978.[3]

Cabinet

Cabinet members were as follows:[4][5]

PortfolioMinisterTook officeLeft officeParty
Prime Minister Gholam Reza Azhari6 November 197831 December 1978Military
Deputy Prime Minister Ali Fardad6 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister of Agriculture Amir Hossein Amir-Parviz6 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister of Commerce Ahmad Me'marzadeh[upper-alpha 1]22 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister of Culture and Art Kamal Habibollahi*11 November 197822 November 1978Military
 Mohsen Foroughi22 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister of Culture
and Higher Education		 Kamal Habibollahi*11 November 197822 November 1978Military
 Shamsoddin Mofidi22 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister of Education Kamal Habibollahi*11 November 197822 November 1978Military
 Mohammad Reza Ameli Tehrani22 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister of Energy Iraj Moghadam[upper-alpha 2]6 November 197831 December 1978Military
Minister of Finance Abbas Gharabaghi*6 November 197822 November 1978Military
 Hassan-Ali Mehran22 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister of Foreign Affairs Amir Khosrow Afshar6 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister of Health Mohammad-Hassan Morshed6 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister of Housing Amir Hossein Rabii*6 November 197822 November 1978Military
 Manouchehr Behravan22 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister of Industries and Mines Mohammad-Reza Amin6 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister of Information and Tourism Abolhassan Sa'adatmand[upper-alpha 3]6 November 197831 December 1978Military
Minister of Interior Abbas Gharabaghi6 November 197831 December 1978Military
Minister of Justice Hossein Najafi6 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister of Labor Gholam Ali Oveissi*6 November 197822 November 1978Military
 Bagher Katouzian22 November 197831 December 1978Military
Minister of Post and Telegraph Karim Mo'tamedi6 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister of Roads Hassan Shalchian6 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister of War Reza Azimi6 November 197831 December 1978Military
Minister without portfolio Ezzatollah Homayounfar6 November 197831 December 1978RP
Minister without portfolio
for Executive Affairs		 Mostafa Paydar6 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister without portfolio
for Parliamentary Affairs		 Ahmad Nazemi22 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister without portfolio
for Endowment		 Ali-Naghi Kani6 November 197822 November 1978Nonpartisan
 Mohsen Shariatmadari22 November 197831 December 1978Nonpartisan
Minister without portfolio
for Plan and Budget		 Morteza Salehi22 November 197831 December 1978RP
  1. ↑ Acting from 8 to 22 November
  2. ↑ Acting from 6 to 22 November
  3. ↑ Acting from 6 to 22 November
* Acting

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Fardust, Hussein (1998). The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty: Memoirs of Former General Hussein Fardust. Translated by Dareini, Ali Akbar. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 392. ISBN 9788120816428.
  2. 1 2 Ganji, Manouchehr (2002). Defying the Iranian Revolution: From a Minister to the Shah to a Leader of Resistance. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 24–25. ISBN 9780275971878.
  3. ↑ Phillips, Tomas B. (2012). Queer Sinister Things: The Hidden History of Iran. Lulu. p. 406. ISBN 9780557509294.
  4. ↑ "Government of Azhari, from begging to end". Ebtekar (in Persian). Tehran. 13 (3567): 12. 6 November 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  5. ↑ Zandi, Mohammad Ali (15 November 2014). "Gholam Reza Azhari" (in Persian). Baqir al-Ulum Research Institute. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
Government of Iran
Preceded by
Second Government of Sharif-Emami		 Military Government of Azhari
1978		 Succeeded by
Government of Bakhtiar
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