Methanogenium frigidum

Methanogenium frigidum
Scientific classification
Domain: Archaea
Kingdom: Euryarchaeota
Phylum: Euryarchaeota
Class: Methanomicrobia
Order: Methanomicrobiales
Family: Methanomicrobiaceae
Genus: Methanogenium
Species: M. frigidum
Binomial name
Methanogenium frigidum
Franzmann et al., 1997

Methanogenium frigidum is a psychrophilic, H2-using methanogen from Ace Lake, Antarctica.[1]

Description and metabolism

Cells are psychrophilic, irregular, slightly halophilic and non-motile coccoids (diameter 1.2 to 2.5 μm). They require salt to grow. They prefer low temperatures: their optimal temperature is 15 °C, and they cannot grow at 18 °C–20 °C. They reduce carbon dioxide with hydrogen to produce methane, but it may be possible that they use other substrates as well. One experiment showed that these cells grow best in the presence of yeast extract.[2]

Genome

The genome of this species differs from those of archaea that prefer higher temperatures. It contains more polar amino acides, particularly Gln and Thr, and fewer non-polar ones, particularly Leu. Unlike hyperthermophiles, in psychrophiles, the GC content is the most important factor to the stability of the tRNA.[3][2]

References

  1. ↑ Franzmann, P. D.; Liu, Y.; Balkwill, D. L.; Aldrich, H. C.; Conway De Macario, E.; Boone, D. R. (1997). "Methanogenium frigidum sp. nov., a Psychrophilic, H2-Using Methanogen from Ace Lake, Antarctica". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 47 (4): 1068–1072. doi:10.1099/00207713-47-4-1068. ISSN 0020-7713. PMID 9336907.
  2. 1 2 Asim K. Bej; Jackie Aislabie; Ronald M. Atlas (2009). Polar Microbiology: The Ecology, Biodiversity and Bioremediation Potential of Microorganisms in Extremely Cold Environments. CRC Press. pp. 52–53, 103, 121. ISBN 1420083880. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
  3. ↑ Saunders, N.F.W.; Thomas, T.; Curmi, P.M.G.; Mattick, J.S.; et al. (2003). "Mechanisms of thermal adaptation revealed from the genomes of the Antarctic Archaea Methanogenium frigidum and Methanococcoides burtonii". Genome Research. 13 (7): 1580–1588. doi:10.1101/Gr.1180903. PMC 403754. Retrieved 2016-08-03.

Further reading

  • Saunders, N. F.W. (2003). "Mechanisms of Thermal Adaptation Revealed From the Genomes of the Antarctic Archaea Methanogenium frigidum and Methanococcoides burtonii". Genome Research. 13 (7): 1580–1588. doi:10.1101/gr.1180903. ISSN 1088-9051. PMC 403754. PMID 12805271.
  • Falkow, Stanley; Dworkin, Martin (2006). The prokaryotes: a handbook on the biology of bacteria. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 0-387-25493-5.
  • Garrett, Roger A., and Hans-Peter Klenk, eds. Archaea: evolution, physiology, and molecular biology. Wiley. com, 2008.


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