Euryarchaeota

Euryarchaeota
Halobacterium sp. strain NRC-1, each cell about 5 µm in length.
Scientific classification
Domain: Archaea
Kingdom: "Euryarchaeota"
Phylum: "Euryarchaeota"
Garrity and Holt 2002
Classes
Synonyms
  • Euryarchaeota Woese et al. 1990
  • Euryarchaeota Garrity and Holt 2002
  • not Euryarchaeota Cavalier-Smith 2002

Euryarchaeota (Greek for "broad old quality") is a phylum of archaea.[2] The Euryarchaeota are highly diverse and include methanogens, which produce methane and are often found in intestines, halobacteria, which survive extreme concentrations of salt, and some extremely thermophilic aerobes and anaerobes. They are separated from the other archaeans based mainly on rRNA sequences.

Description

The Euryarchaeota are diverse in appearance and metabolic properties. The phylum contains organisms of a variety of shapes, including both rods and cocci. Euryarchaeota may appear either gram-positive or gram-negative depending on whether pseudomurein is present in the cell wall.[3] Euryarchaeota also demonstrate diverse lifestyles, including methanogens, halophiles, sulfate-reducers, and extreme thermophiles in each.[3]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[4] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[5] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 121 by 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project.[6]

 

 

?Aciduliprofundum boonei ♠ Reysenbach et al. 2006

 
 

?Nanohaloarchaea ♠

 
 

Methanopyrus kandleri

 
 

 

Methanococcales

 
 

Eurythermea

 

Thermococcaceae

 
 

Thermoplasmata

 
 
Neobacteria

 

Methanobacteriales

 
 

 

Archaeoglobaceae

 
Halomebacteria

 

Methanomicrobia

 
 

Halobacteriaceae

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Notes:
♠ Strain found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis ML (June 1990). "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 87 (12): 4576–9. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.4576W. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576. PMC 54159. PMID 2112744.
  2. ↑ C. Michael Hogan (2010). E. Monosson; C. Cleveland, eds. "Archaea". Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  3. 1 2 Garrity GM, Holt JG (2015). "Euryarchaeota phy. nov.". In Whitman WB. Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria. John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9781118960608. ISBN 9781118960608.
  4. ↑ J.P. Euzéby. "Euryarchaeota". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2017-08-09.
  5. ↑ Sayers; et al. "Euryarchaeota". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2017-08-09.
  6. ↑ 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 121 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Retrieved 2017-08-09.

Further reading

Scientific journals

  • Cavalier-Smith, T (2002). "The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52 (Pt 1): 7&ndash, 76. doi:10.1099/00207713-52-1-7. PMID 11837318.
  • Woese, CR; Olsen GJ (1984). "The phylogenetic relationships of three sulfur dependent archaebacteria". Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 5: 97&ndash, 105. doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(84)80054-5. PMID 11541975.

Scientific books

  • Garrity GM, Holt JG (2001). "Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov.". In DR Boone, RW Castenholz. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2.

Scientific databases

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