Marc Emery

Marc Emery
Marc Emery at a pro-marijuana rally outside City Hall in Calgary, September 2007.
Born Marc Scott Emery
(1958-02-13) February 13, 1958
London, Ontario, Canada[1]
Residence Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Nationality Canadian
Other names Prince of Pot
Occupation Politician, activist, entrepreneur
Known for Cannabis policy reform advocate
Political party Freedom Party of Canada (1978–2000)
British Columbia Marijuana Party (2000–present)
Criminal charge Selling cannabis seeds
Criminal penalty 5 years in prison
Criminal status Released
Spouse(s) Jodie Emery

Marc Scott Emery (born February 13, 1958) is a Canadian cannabis rights activist, entrepreneur and politician. Often described as 'the Prince of Pot', Emery has been a notable advocate of international cannabis policy reform. He has been active in the New Democratic Party, the Freedom Party of Canada, the Unparty, the Marijuana Party of Canada, and the Conservative Party of Canada as well as the British Columbia Marijuana Party, and the Green Party of British Columbia.

As a political libertarian,[2] Emery has also protested against Sunday shopping laws,[3] obscenity laws,[4] political endorsement of sporting events,[5] Canadian censorship,[6] and several taxes.

He is the spouse of fellow activist Jodie Emery. Until the business was raided by police, the couple were co-owners of Cannabis Culture, a business that franchised pot dispensaries, later deemed to be illegal. They had obtained the cannabis from illegal sources, according to Crown prosecutors.[7][8] They also operate Cannabis Culture magazine and Pot TV.

Emery has been jailed several times, and in 2009 was sentenced to a five-year sentence in a United States federal prison for selling mail-order cannabis seeds in the US.[9] On December 16, 2016, he was arrested in Montreal and charged with drug trafficking, possession for trafficking and conspiracy.[10] On March 8, 2017, the couple was arrested at Pearson International Airport and the Cannabis Culture shops were raided, leading to charges on a number of offences. The charges against 17 employees were withdrawn,[8] but Marc Emery was convicted of possession of marijuana for purpose of trafficking, trafficking marijuana and possession of proceeds of crime more than $5,000. Jodie Emery was convicted of possession of marijuana for the purpose of trafficking and possession of proceeds of crime over $5,000.[11] They were required to pay fines ($150,000 and a $45,000 victim surcharge) and placed on two year probation.[12]

Emery lives in Toronto, Ontario, with his wife Jodie Emery.[13]

Early career

At the age of 9 Emery started a business from his parents' home called Stamp Treasure, buying and selling stamps by mail order. Two years later he started another mail-order business called Marc's Comic Room that he started by using the money saved from Stamp Treasure. The business sold used comic books and earned him about $120 a week.[14][3]

He dropped out of high school in 1975 at age 17 to purchase a used book store on Richmond Street in downtown London, Ontario which he renamed City Lights Bookshop.[14] Emery operated the store for 17 years, selling it in 1992. Emery also ran an emergency garbage service in London for three weeks during a municipal garbage strike in 1986.[3][15]

Political campaigns

He worked on the New Democratic Party's campaign in London East in the 1979 federal election.[2] He began to criticize police for slow response times to robberies in what was the "core area". He believed in private security officers for merchants and business owners because he felt the police were not doing their job of protecting.[14] He then started an expensive legal campaign to have the annual levy tax of $35 a year for downtown improvements to be eliminated, stating that it favored a handful of the elite. He ran for the Libertarian Party of Canada in the 1980 federal election. He received 197 votes in London East,[2] finishing fourth.

In November 1982, Emery unsuccessfully ran for Alderman in Ward 3 of Hamilton, Ontario on the promise to cut taxes and pay for park improvements by raising the money himself. [14]

Emery later left the Libertarians and became a London-area organizer for the Unparty. They believed in free enterprise and opposed the involvement of government in Canadian's lives. In 1983 Robert Metz, who had worked with Emery since 1980, was made president of the Unparty and later that year announced the Unparty would change its name to the Freedom Party of Ontario, which continues to be a registered political party in the Province of Ontario.[16] Emery served as the Freedom Party's Action Director from 1984 to 1990.

In 1984, Emery, the Freedom Party, and the No Tax for Pan-Am Games Committee (founded by Emery and Metz) successfully campaigned against London's bid for the 1991 Pan American Games, saying the city would lose millions.[5][17]

In 1985, Emery ran for Alderman in Ward 3 and lost again.[14]

In December, 1986, Emery was charged under the Retail Business Holidays Act for opening his store on Sunday. In April 1988, he was cleared of charges of opening on Sunday because a provincial judge rule that the prosecution failed to prove Emery was the owner of the bookstore at the time.[14]

In May 1987 during a strike by city workers, Emery paid for truck rentals and volunteers to pick up garbage and do the jobs for the people on strike. This caused outrage, leading to the strikers threatening to dump garbage on Emery's front lawn.[14]

In July 1987, Emery defied Ontario's Sunday shopping laws, and faced eight charges after opening for eight Sundays in a row. In February 1988, he was ordered to pay a $500 fine for refusing to follow the opening charge. Vowing to go to jail rather than pay a fine, in June 1988, he was sent to Elgin-Middlesex Detention Centre after being convicted on the first of the charges and then refusing to pay the fine.[3] Friends and customers of his bookstore paid for the fine and he was released three days later.

Emery ran as a candidate of the Freedom Party in the rural constituency of Middlesex, near London, in the 1987 provincial election. He received 499 votes for a distant fifth-place finish.

In 1991, Emery was convicted for selling copies of 2 Live Crew's rap CD As Nasty As They Wanna Be which had been deemed obscene and banned in Ontario.[4][18] He was given one year's probation, but immediately after sentencing he began selling marijuana-related literature and High Times magazine, all in violation of Canadian law.[19][20] Emery invited local police to his store to arrest him, and even sold copies of the banned marijuana grow books right outside the London, Ontario police station, but the police refused to charge him or interfere.[21] He also sponsored visits from marijuana luminaries such as Ed Rosenthal, Steven Hager, Jack Herer and Paul Mavrides.[3]

Marijuana advocacy

Hemp BC

Emery moved to Vancouver, British Columbia in March 1994, and founded a store called Hemp BC on July 7. His store played a major part in expanding Canada's then very small and underground industry in cannabis-related paraphernalia.[13] Bongs and pipes are illegal to sell or promote in Canada under section 462.2 of the Criminal Code,[22] and were not readily available in Canada at the time. Emery imported and wholesaled a variety of bongs, pipes and other cannabis-related items, and encouraged other people to open their own "Hemp Stores" across Canada.[23][24]

In late 1994, a court challenge sponsored by Emery convinced an Ontario judge to overturn the Canadian prohibition on marijuana and drug-related literature, making it legal for High Times magazine and marijuana grow books to be sold in Canada once more.[19][21]

Emery began selling marijuana seeds in late 1994, after attending the High Times Cannabis Cup and being inspired by a Dutch seed store named Sensi Seeds.[25] In early 1995 he launched Cannabis Canada Magazine, which was renamed Cannabis Culture magazine in 1998.

In December 1995, Emery and his seed business were featured on the front page of The Wall Street Journal,[26] leading to a deluge of media attention.[27] One month later, in January 1996, Hemp BC was raided by Vancouver police who seized Emery's bongs and seeds and charged him with selling marijuana seeds and "promoting vaporizers." He was later convicted and given a $2,200 fine, $500 for each of four counts of selling marijuana seeds and $200 for vaporizer promotion.[28]

Emery re-opened his store the next day, and continued to sell paraphernalia and marijuana seeds. By 1997 he had expanded his store to include a Grow Shop, a Legal Assistance Centre, and the Cannabis Cafe, which featured a custom-built vaporizer built into every table.[23][29]

On October 12, 1997, Marc Emery was featured on CNN Impact in an episode called "Canada Cannabis."[30] The announcer referred to Emery as the "Prince of Pot" and the label stuck.[31] This drew major international media attention to Emery and his Hemp BC store once more.

The Vancouver police returned on December 16, 1997, once again emptying his store of seeds and paraphernalia, as well as taking the vaporizers out of the Cannabis Cafe. Police claimed to have seized about $1.6 million worth of marijuana-related merchandise, plus tens of thousands of marijuana seeds.[32]

Emery was jailed but not charged with any seed or paraphernalia offences[33] but he was charged and convicted of "assaulting a police officer" because he spat on a police officer while they were forcibly removing protesters from in front of the store. In a later interview, Emery stated "I was found guilty and fined two hundred dollars. My defense was that it was justifiable as they were assaulting my employees. We have video tape of them kicking, shoving objects at, using a truncheon, and pulling on the hair of David Malmo-Levine and Ian Roberts. I wanted to show my disgust in a non-violent way, and to draw the police toward me and away from my employees."[34]

Emery was also banned from returning to the 300 block of West Hastings, where his businesses were located.[35]

Emery re-opened Hemp BC the next day[36] but then sold the store to his manager shortly thereafter, who suffered repeated raids during 1998[37] and then had her business licence revoked by the city.[38][39][40]

Emery's seed business was raided again at its office location on April 30, 1998, and Emery was charged with selling marijuana seeds. Another raid on September 2, 1998, saw Emery jailed overnight again and his seeds confiscated, but no charges were laid. He was convicted from the April raid in 1999, and given a $2,000 fine.[28]

In August 1998, Vancouver Mayor Philip Owen had told The New York Times that Hemp BC was "going to be toast by September."[41]

Court documents showed that four American Navy undercover agents attempted to buy marijuana and smoke it at the Cannabis Cafe. The documents showed the Naval Criminal Investigative Service agents worked in a joint operation with Vancouver police in April 1998.[42]

Emery was convicted on charges of selling marijuana seeds in 1998, and received a $2,000 fine.[43] He switched his walk-in marijuana seed business to mail-order only, and continued to publish Cannabis Culture magazine. In early 2000 he was expanding again, with the establishment of Pot-TV, a marijuana-related video channel.[44][45]

In 2001, Emery was a featured presenter at Idea City,[46] an annual gathering of notable Canadians organized by Moses Znaimer.

In November 2002, then US drug czar John Walters visited Vancouver to give a speech at a luncheon sponsored by the Vancouver Board of Trade. Emery bought a table for himself and other local cannabis activists, and heckled Walters as he spoke about the need for Canada to embrace the "War on Drugs."[47][48]

From 1998 until his arrest in 2005, Emery paid provincial and federal taxes as a "marijuana seed vendor" totalling nearly $600,000.[43]

Emery has described himself as a "major financial backer of almost every pro-pot effort in North America and many more around the world." He claims that he spent hundreds of thousands of dollars in election campaigning for the Canadian Marijuana Party, BC Marijuana Party and the Vancouver Marijuana Party. He also claims to have funded numerous marijuana activist groups, paid for several major legal challenges to aspects of Canada's cannabis laws, and made large donations to various pro-pot ballot initiatives in US states such as California, Nevada, Alaska and Arizona, plus financially backed pro-cannabis activities in New Zealand, Australia, Russia and elsewhere around the world.[49]

Media and Pot TV

Emery is featured in the 2007 CBC documentary film "Prince of Pot: The US vs. Marc Emery",[50] and CBC Doc Zone episode "Cannabiz." He also appears in a 2007 documentary called The Union: The Business Behind Getting High, and the 2007 comedy documentary Super High Me. Finally, Emery was the focus of the 2013 feature documentary, Citizen Marc.

Political endorsements

In 2000 he was a founding member of the Marijuana Party of Canada, a political party running to fully legalize (not just decriminalize) cannabis. In 2001 he helped found the British Columbia Marijuana Party (BCMP), which he currently leads.

Emery ran for the Canadian House of Commons as a Marijuana Party Candidate in the 2000 federal election, and finished sixth out of ten candidates in Vancouver Centre with 1,116 votes. Liberal Hedy Fry won the riding.

The BCMP placed fifth in the 2001 provincial election and was only a few hundred votes short of fourth place. Emery himself received 905 votes in Vancouver-Burrard, finishing fourth against BC Liberal Lorne Mayencourt.

Emery has been the BC Marijuana Party's president since its founding, and also became party leader in 2003, when Leader Dana Larsen resigned to join the NDP.[51][52]

In the 2005 British Columbia election, Emery ran for the BC Marijuana in Fort Langley-Aldergrove against provincial Solicitor General Rich Coleman, but was defeated.[53]

On July 30, 2008, Emery announced he was running for mayor of Vancouver in the November election, and MLA in the upcoming by-election for the constituency of Vancouver-Fairview which remains vacant after Gregor Robertson won the Vision Vancouver nomination to run for mayor.

In federal politics, Emery has been a public supporter of the New Democratic Party since in 2003 Jack Layton supported the legalization of marijuana. In November 2003, Layton was a guest on Emery's Pot TV program.[54] During the 20-minute interview, Emery urged marijuana activists to support the NDP in the 2004 federal election.[55]

He endorsed Svend Robinson's candidacy in Vancouver Centre during the 2006 federal election campaign,[56][57] and obtained permission from a judge to have his bail conditions varied so that he could campaign for the NDP candidate.[58]

In the 2009 BC provincial election, Emery supported the Green Party of British Columbia.[59] His wife, Jodie Emery, was the BC Green candidate in Vancouver-Fraserview[60] and sought the Liberal Party of Canada's nomination in Vancouver East for the 2015 federal election, however, her candidacy was disallowed by the party.[61]

Marc Emery endorsed Maxime Bernier's candidacy for the leadership of the federal Conservative Party in 2016 and announced his intention to join the Conservatives in order to vote for Bernier, due the candidate's libertarian platform.[62]

Summer of Legalization Tour

In 2003, when the prohibition of cannabis in Canada was in limbo due to court decisions that struck down the marijuana laws because of flaws in the government's medicinal marijuana program,[63][64] Emery launched "the Summer of Legalization" tour, travelling to 18 cities across Canada to openly smoke marijuana in front of police stations and demonstrate that marijuana was currently legal in Canada,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][71][72][73][74][75] as featured in the documentary Escape to Canada.[76]

2004 trafficking conviction

On August 19, 2004, Emery was sentenced to 92 days in jail in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Emery had been convicted of trafficking because a witness saw him pass a joint in March 2004.[77] Emery's supporters held an ongoing daily vigil outside the courthouse until he was released.[78][79][80] On October 18 he was released from the Saskatoon correctional centre after serving 61 days of his sentence.[81]

Non-marijuana activism

Iboga Therapy House

In 2002, Emery founded the Iboga Therapy House, an ibogaine-assisted detoxification therapy program located on British Columbia's Sunshine Coast.[82][83] Emery and his staff offered free ibogaine therapy to volunteer heroin and cocaine addicts with a plant-based alkaloid called ibogaine, which eliminates withdrawal symptoms and helps produce the mental change needed to quit using.

Emery's Iboga Therapy House treated almost 60 people before he stopped funding in 2004, at a cost Emery states of over $2,000 per person.[84] The Iboga Therapy House became a non-profit society[85] in 2005 and continues to offer ibogaine therapy as an independent organization.[86]

2005 arrest and extradition

One of the six Cannabis Culture shops opened by Marc Emery in Montreal in December 2016, leading to his arrest.

Emery is a former retailer of cannabis seeds for cultivation, having started Marc Emery Direct Marijuana Seeds in 1995, which he ran until it was closed by a raid by the Vancouver Police Department acting on the request of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) on July 29, 2005.

US Government officials have described Emery as a drug dealer[87][88][89][90] for his efforts to sell marijuana seeds in Canada and abroad. He was the publisher of Cannabis Culture magazine, a founding member of the Freedom Party of Ontario, the Marijuana Party of Canada and the BC Marijuana Party, founder of the Iboga Therapy House and founder of Pot TV. He ran for mayor of the city of Vancouver in 1996, 2002 and 2008.

On July 29, 2005, Canadian police, acting on a request from the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA),[91] simultaneously raided the BC Marijuana Party Bookstore and Headquarters in Vancouver and arrested Emery for extradition to the United States outside a local storefront in the community of Lawrencetown, Nova Scotia where he was attending a HempFest.[92][93][94]

American authorities charged Emery and co-defendants Gregory Keith Williams, 50, of Vancouver, BC and Michelle Rainey-Fenkarek, 34, of Vancouver, BC with "'Conspiracy to Distribute Marijuana", "Conspiracy to Distribute Marijuana Seeds" and "Conspiracy to Engage in Money Laundering". Even though all the alleged offences occurred in Canada, Canadian police did not lay any charges.[95]

The day of Emery's arrest, American DEA Administrator Karen Tandy released the following statement:

Today's DEA arrest of Marc Scott Emery, publisher of Cannabis Culture Magazine, and the founder of a marijuana legalization group—is a significant blow not only to the marijuana trafficking trade in the U.S. and Canada, but also to the marijuana legalization movement.

His marijuana trade and propagandist marijuana magazine have generated nearly $5 million a year in profits that bolstered his trafficking efforts, but those have gone up in smoke today.

Emery and his organization had been designated as one of the Attorney General's most wanted international drug trafficking organizational targets—one of only 46 in the world and the only one from Canada.

Hundreds of thousands of dollars of Emery's illicit profits are known to have been channeled to marijuana legalization groups active in the United States and Canada. Drug legalization lobbyists now have one less pot of money to rely on.[96]

Emery was freed on a $50,000 bail and prepared to fight extradition in the courts.

Proceedings and guilty plea

Federal Detention Center, SeaTac, where Emery resided in 2010.

Emery and his two associates, all charged in the United States with drug and money laundering offences, each faced a minimum 10-year sentence and the possibility of life imprisonment if convicted there.

On January 14, 2008, Emery had agreed to a tentative plea-bargain with U.S. authorities. The terms of the agreement were a 5-year prison term to be served in both Canadian and U.S. prisons.[97] In return, he demanded the charges against his friends Michelle Rainey and Greg Williams be dropped.[98]

(An appeal court judge ruled on March 7, 2008 in a similar case that a one-month jail sentence and probation constituted an adequate sentence for the crime of marijuana seed selling in Canada. This could possibly have been used to Emery's advantage in his fight against extradition.[99])

On March 27, 2008 the plea-bargain deal collapsed because of the refusal of the Canadian Conservative government to approve its side of the arrangement.[100]

In late 2008, an extradition hearing was scheduled for June, 2009.[101][102] However, before those hearings Emery agreed to plead guilty to one charge of drug distribution and accept a five-year sentence in the USA.[103][104]

On September 21, 2009, Emery entered his guilty plea, and on September 28, he was incarcerated in a British Columbia prison awaiting extradition to a US federal prison to serve the five-year sentence.[105][106] There is a 30-day appeal period before extradition.

Emery was taken into custody on September 28, 2009,[107][108] and held at the North Fraser Pretrial Centre in Port Coquitlam, BC, to await extradition to the USA. On November 18, 2009, Emery was released on bail, pending the Canadian Minister of Justice signing the extradition order;[109] and on May 10, 2010, Justice Minister Rob Nicholson signed the order and ordered Emery to surrender to authorities, which he did that same day.[110]

Emery was granted bail on November 18, after seven weeks in the pre-trial centre, to await the Justice Minister's decision on the extradition order.[111][112]

While Emery was imprisoned, his supporters held a continuous vigil outside the prison with tents and banners for 45 days, ending when Emery was released on bail.[113][114][115]

On September 10, 2010, Emery was sentenced to 5 years in prison minus time served.[116]

On May 10, 2010, Justice Minister Nicholson ruled Emery be extradited to the United States. He faced five years in the US penal system. The possibility existed that Emery might be allowed to serve all or part of his sentence in Canada. US authorities had not rejected this option, should Canada make such a formal request.[117] Emery did, however, serve his entire 5-year sentence in the United States.

On May 20, 2010, Emery was extradited to the United States. On May 24, he appeared in a Seattle courtroom and pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to manufacture marijuana.

On June 3, officials at the Federal Detention Center in SeaTac, Washington gave Emery an official citation for allowing his wife, BC Green Party Director-at-Large Jodie Emery, to record a message from him over the phone, claiming it broke the prison's rule forbidding third-party calls. Emery was locked in a Segregated Housing Unit (SHU) for three weeks.[118]

On September 10, 2010 in a Seattle court room, Marc Emery was sentenced to five years in prison.[119] US district court judge Ricardo Martinez sentenced Emery, stating there was no question his actions were criminal and that Emery ensured others broke the law by selling them the seeds. The court noted Emery claimed on his website to have made some $3 million a year from selling seeds from his Vancouver headquarters.[120] Emery donated almost all of the money generated from his seed sales to marijuana policy reform efforts. Emery's claims that his arrest was political were disputed by the prosecution.[121] On November 19, 2010 Marc Emery was transferred to the D. Ray James Correctional Facility in Folkston, Georgia. He was later transferred to Federal Correctional Institution, Yazoo City Medium to serve the rest of his sentence.

Until April 2011 Emery was held by the Federal Bureau of Prisons at the D. Ray James Correctional Institution in Folkston, Georgia,[122] when he was transferred to Yazoo City Prison in Mississippi.[123]

On June 30, 2014, Emery announced his pending release in a blog post on the Cannabis Culture website.[124] His sentence was originally for five years and he earned 235 days of credit for good conduct while incarcerated, his criminal sentence officially ended July 9.[125] "On Thursday, July 10th, US Immigration picks [him] up and takes [him] to the private, for-profit GEO Group LaSalle Detention Facility in Jena, Louisiana, where [he] will be processed for deportation back to Canada."[126] Then he will be flown to Detroit, MI and transported across the border into Windsor, Ontario.[127] Windsor, Ontario is a great distance from his home in Vancouver.[128]

Recent judicial history

On July 9, 2014, Marc Emery was released from Yazoo City having completed his sentence. He was then transferred to LaSalle Detention Facility in Jena, La., an immigration facility where he was issued temporary passport and on Aug. 12 he was flown to Detroit where he crossed the border into Windsor, Canada. Emery served just over four years of his five-year sentence having earned 235 days of good conduct credit.[129]

On December 15, 2016, Marc and Jodie Emery opened six Cannabis Culture marijuana "dispensaries" in Montreal, Quebec, despite the fact that the sale of marijuana in Canada is still illegal. The stores sold to anyone over the age of 19. Emery called opening an illegal dispensary as "peaceful civil disobedience", stating that it is the most effective way of changing marijuana laws in Canada.[130] Emery vowed to open dispensaries across Canada. On 16 December 2016, Marc Emery was arrested at the Mont-Royal Avenue store, during a series of raids conducted by the Montreal police.[131] Jodie Emery was released later that night with no charges, though Marc was held overnight because "he refused to sign a release saying he would appear in court at a later date". though police said they seized 18 kilograms of marijuana and arrested[132] ten people.[133] Following this arrest, Emery continued to open Cannabis Culture marijuana dispensaries in cities such as Hamilton and Ottawa. These shops are franchise operations.[134] At one time, there were 19 Cannabis Culture dispensaries in operation, in British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec.[135]

Marc and Jodie Emery were again arrested at Toronto Pearson International Airport on March 8, 2017.[136] He faced 15 charges, including conspiracy to commit an indictable offence, trafficking, possession for the purpose of trafficking, and possession of proceeds of crime. Jodie Emery faced five similar counts.[132]

On March 9, 2017, search warrants were given in Toronto, Hamilton, and Vancouver as part of "Project Gator" a Toronto Police Service project that targeted marijuana dispensaries. This was in reaction to Acting Inspector Steve Watts allegations of Cannabis Culture having ties to organized crime, stating that given the amount of marijuana, the stores "can only be supplied by illegitimate sources"[137] Five dispensaries in Toronto, one in Hamilton, one in Vancouver, and another in Ottawa were raided and shut down. Police seized $250,000 in cash in several different currencies. The police also searched two homes in Toronto, one in Stoney Creek, Ontario, and one in Vancouver that all had ties to Emery's Cannabis Culture franchise.[138] Some of the dispensaries reopened the next day.[139]

On March 10, Marc and Jodie were granted bail. The bail's conditions included a ban on possessing or consuming marijuana and other drugs except with a prescription, and a bar from going to any Cannabis Culture locations. They are banned from facilitating or participating in running any of the shops. After a guilty plea, the couple was convicted of drug related charges on December 18, 2017, fined and placed on two years probation.[135] Three other individuals were also convicted of drug-related charges.[11] The couple had claimed that the operation of pot shops was a form of civil disobedience, but Justice Leslie Chapin ruled as follows: "No doubt there were pro social motivations that were behind the actions, but at the same time, I have to recognize that much profit was made".[135]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "A Marc Emery Chronology". Dotydocs.theatreinlondon.ca. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  2. 1 2 3 Schwartz, Daniel (2 August 2014). "Profile: How Marc Emery turned to marijuana activism". CBC News. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "1999 FLASHBACK – Marc Emery: The Prince of Pot speaks out | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2010-09-01. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  4. 1 2 Karen Selick (2000-06-12). "A Modern Day Thoreau CL9609.html". Karenselick.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  5. 1 2 "No Tax for Pan Am Games (Toronto, 2015)". Notaxforpanam.com. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  6. ↑ "CITIZEN MARC The Adventures of Marc Emery".
  7. ↑ https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2017/12/18/cannabis-activists-marc-and-jodie-emery-plead-guilty-to-drug-related-charges.html
  8. 1 2 http://toronto.citynews.ca/2017/12/18/pot-activists-marc-and-jodie-emery-plead-guilty-to-drug-related-charges/
  9. ↑ "'Prince of Pot' Marc Emery Sentenced To Five Years in US Prison". Cannabisculture.com. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  10. ↑ https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/marijuana-activists-charged-after-dispensary-raids-1.3318027
  11. 1 2 https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/pot-activists-marc-and-jodie-emery-plead-guilty-to-drug-related-charges
  12. ↑ "Pot activists Marc and Jodie Emery plead guilty, sentenced in drug-related court case". cbc.ca/news. 2017-12-18. Retrieved 2017-12-18.
  13. 1 2 "HempBC | Cannabis Culture Magazine". .cannabisculture.com. 2000-02-08. Archived from the original on 2010-10-24. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "A Marc Emery Chronology". dotydocs.theatreinlondon.ca. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
  15. ↑ Krauss, Clifford (13 August 2005). "This Johnny Appleseed Is Wanted by the Law". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
  16. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-10-11. Retrieved 2015-03-13.
  17. ↑ “”. "No Tax for Pan Am (Toronto 2015)". YouTube. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  18. ↑ "Western Standard – Seeding Sovereignty". Westernstandard.ca. Archived from the original on 2009-10-02. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  19. 1 2 "Censorship in Canada: 462.2 | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  20. ↑ "462.2 Offence". Efc.ca. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  21. 1 2 ":: Green Truth – The Green Tide Shadow Summit ::". Greentide.ca. Archived from the original on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  22. ↑ "Drug Lingo and Drug Paraphernalia". National Anti-Drug Strategy. 2009-07-21. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  23. 1 2 "HempBC | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. 2000-02-08. Archived from the original on 2010-10-24. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  24. ↑ "Opening a Hempstore". Cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2010-10-27. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  25. ↑ "Marc Emery, Canada's Prince of Pot | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  26. ↑ Drug war, American style: the ... – Google Books. 2001. ISBN 978-0-8153-3405-7. Retrieved 2010-08-01 – via Google Books.
  27. ↑ "Marc Emery Puts Pot Industry on the Business Map | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. 2003-10-20. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  28. 1 2 "Marc Emery's Sentence Reeks of Injustice and Mocks our Sovereignty | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  29. ↑ "Celebrating a decade of cannabis activism | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  30. ↑ “”. "The Prince of Pot – Marc Emery and BC Bud on CNN Impact (1997) – Part 1". YouTube. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  31. ↑ "Transcript: CNN IMPACT: Canada Cannabis". Mapinc.org. 1997-10-12. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  32. ↑ "Canada: BC: Raid Fails to Get Tokers Off the Pot". Mapinc.org. 1997-12-18. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  33. ↑ "Canada: BC: Cops Pull Pot Pals Off to the Slammer". Mapinc.org. 1997-12-17. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  34. ↑ "Marc Emery spits on cops | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. 2000-04-23. Archived from the original on 2010-09-12. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  35. ↑ BACK TO THE FUTURE: SOME IDEAS FOR THE ECONOMIC REJUVENATION OF VICTORY SQUARE
  36. ↑ "Canada: BC: Raid Fails to Get Tokers Off the Pot". Mapinc.org. 1997-12-18. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  37. ↑ "Canada: Cafe Raid Sparks Backlash". Mapinc.org. 1998-10-11. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  38. ↑ "Hemp BC's show-cause showdown | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. 1999-04-30. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  39. ↑ "Show Cause (Cannabis) Minutes – March 8/99". Vancouver.ca. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  40. ↑ "The E-Carillon: declassified". Carillon.uregina.ca. 1999-03-12. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  41. ↑ "Canada BC: In Vancouver, Tolerance Of Drugs Draws Addicts". Mapinc.org. 1998-08-21. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  42. ↑ "Canada: Judge Orders Cannabis Cafe Closed". Mapinc.org. 1999-06-10. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  43. 1 2 Mulgrew, Ian (2009-09-27). "Marc Emery's sentence reeks of injustice and mocks our sovereignty". Vancouversun.com. Archived from the original on October 1, 2009. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  44. ↑ "www.pot.tv". Mapinc.org. 2000-11-06. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  45. ↑ http://www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v00/n1678/a04.html Drug news
  46. ↑ "Marc Emery | Moses Znaimer's ideaCity10: Ideas Change the World". Ideacityonline.com. Archived from the original on 2010-09-09. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  47. ↑ “”. "The Prince of Pot – The John Walters Project – Part 1". YouTube. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  48. ↑ "YouTube". YouTube. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  49. ↑ "cannabisculture.com". cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2014-07-07. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  50. ↑ "The Prince of Pot: The Lens: CBC News". Cbc.ca. 2009-06-02. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  51. ↑ "CN BC: Ex-Marijuana Party Leader Goes To NDP". Mapinc.org. 2003-12-12. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  52. ↑ "Canada: Ex-Marijuana Party Leader To Run For NDP In Federal Election". Mapinc.org. 2003-12-11. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  53. ↑ CTV News April 30, 2005 CP report.
  54. ↑ “” (2010-04-28). "Jack Layton and Marc Emery on Pot TV in 2003". YouTube. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  55. ↑ CBC Radio November 28, 2003 broadcast.
  56. ↑ "CN BC: Emery Urges Pot Party To Pull Out, Back NDP". Mapinc.org. 2006-01-04. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  57. ↑ "CN BC: Emery Set To Endorse NDP's Svend Robinson". Mapinc.org. 2005-12-13. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  58. ↑ "Canada: Web: Pot Crusader Allowed To Campaign During Election". Mapinc.org. 2005-12-09. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  59. ↑ Pablo, Carlito (2009-02-15). "B.C. Marijuana Party endorses Greens for provincial election | Vancouver, British Columbia". Straight.com. Archived from the original on 2010-02-04. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  60. ↑ "Jodie Emery for MLA : HomePage". Jodieformla.ca. 2009-05-12. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  61. ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2015/01/20/jodie-emery-liberal-2015-federal-election_n_6508262.html
  62. ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2016/09/15/marc-emery-maxime-bernier-conservative-leadership_n_12029026.html
  63. ↑ "Canada: Ottawa Stays Pot Charges In 4,000 Cases". Mapinc.org. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  64. ↑ "CN BC: B.C.'s Marijuana Law Doesn't Exist, Judge Rules". Mapinc.org. 2003-09-16. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  65. ↑ "Marc Emery's "Summer of Legalization" Tour 2003 | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. 2003-07-14. Archived from the original on 2010-01-08. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  66. ↑ "Marijuana Users Light Up Outside Toronto Police HQ". London Free Press. 2003-06-20. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  67. ↑ "Dauphin Next Stop For Crusader". Winnipeg Free Press. 2003-07-10. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  68. ↑ "The Halifax Police Station Goes to Pot". Halifax Herald. 2003-07-20. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  69. ↑ "Police Arrest Marijuana Activist". Times & Transcript. 2003-07-22. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  70. ↑ "B.C. Activist Arrested for Firing Up Bong". Globe and Mail. 2003-07-22. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  71. 1 2 "Toker Busted Again". Ottawa Sun. 2003-07-28. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  72. ↑ "Cops Dismiss Pot Provocateur". Edmonton Sun. 2003-07-22. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  73. ↑ "RCMP Ignore Pot-Smoking Stunt". Prince George Free Press. 2003-08-17. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  74. ↑ "Pot Advocate To Light UP At Police Station Today". Kingston Whig-Standard. 2003-08-23. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  75. ↑ "Pot-Smoking Activist Attracts 100 To Rally At Police". Hamilton Spectator. 2003-08-28. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  76. ↑ https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0434922/
  77. ↑ Submitted by Josh Quartier () on Mon, 03/22/2010 – 11:37. (2010-03-22). "Marc Emery speaks from jail | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  78. ↑ "CN SN: 'Prince Of Pot' Laments Jail Life". Mapinc.org. 2004-10-12. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  79. ↑ "CN SN: Pot Protesters Continue Vigil at Provincial Court". Mapinc.org. 2004-08-26. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  80. ↑ "CN SN: Marijuana Activists Upset Over Emery Conviction". Mapinc.org. 2004-09-23. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  81. ↑ "CN SN: Marc Emery Released From Saskatchewan Jail". Mapinc.org. 2004-10-20. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  82. ↑ "This Magazine: The addict's last refuge?". Thismagazine.ca. Archived from the original on 2010-04-21. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  83. ↑ "CN BC: Ibogaine A One-Way Trip To Sobriety, Pot Head Says". Mapinc.org. 2003-01-03. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  84. ↑ "Psychedelic addiction therapy | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. 2003-01-27. Archived from the original on 2009-12-06. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  85. ↑ "Iboga Therapy House". Iboga Therapy House. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  86. ↑ "Iboga Therapy House". Iboga Therapy House. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  87. ↑ "A Drug Dealer's Toll on Americans". Washington Post. 2006-03-29. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
  88. ↑ "Canada's 'Prince of Pot' faces extradition". Melbourne: The Age. 2005-08-31. Retrieved 2005-08-31.
  89. ↑ "The Prince of Pot". CBS News. 2006-03-05. Retrieved 2006-03-05.
  90. ↑ "U.S. seeks extradition of Canadian pot crusader". CBC News. 2005-07-29. Retrieved 2005-07-29.
  91. ↑ "Canada: This Johnny Appleseed Is Wanted by the Law". Mapinc.org. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  92. ↑ "CN BC: Marijuana's Martyr". Mapinc.org. 2005-08-13. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  93. ↑ "Canada: OPED: Just Say No To Uncle Sam's DEA". Mapinc.org. 2005-08-03. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  94. ↑ "CN BC: 'Prince Of Pot' Arrested". Mapinc.org. 2005-07-30. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  95. ↑ "B.C. pot activist Marc Emery granted bail – CTV News". Ctv.ca. 2005-08-02. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  96. ↑ "DEA Release Admits Marc Emery Extradition Politically Motivated | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Archived from the original on 2010-07-25. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  97. ↑ Mulgrew, Ian (2008-01-14). "Emery agrees to 5 years in Canadian prison". The Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on 2008-01-18. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
  98. ↑ "Marc Emery's extradition proceedings postponed". The Vancouver Sun. 2008-01-21. Archived from the original on 2008-01-24. Retrieved 2008-01-21.
  99. ↑ Mulgrew, Ian (2008-03-10). "Ruling shines different light on Emery's case". Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on 2008-12-07. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  100. ↑ Mulgrew, Ian (2008-03-28). "Prince of Pot's deal with U.S. shot down by Ottawa". The Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on 2008-12-07. Retrieved 2008-03-28.
  101. ↑ "Help Save Canadian Activist and Hero, Marc Emery." Cannabis Culture Marijuana Magazine. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-04-28. Retrieved 2009-04-23. . Retrieved 6-4-09.
  102. ↑ Hainsworth, Jeremy. "Canada's Price of Pot Challenges U.S. Drug War." Portland Press-Herald. June 3, 2009, A2.
  103. ↑ "CBC News – British Columbia – Vancouver pot activist Marc Emery to plead guilty to U.S. drug charge". Cbc.ca. 2009-06-04. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  104. ↑ "Canadian pot activist to plead guilty this summer". BostonHerald.com. Associated Press. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  105. ↑ "Pot activist Marc Emery taken into custody for extradition to the U.S." Kelowna.com. 2009-09-28. Archived from the original on 2011-07-13. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  106. ↑ “”. "Marc Emery Taken into Custody for Extradition, September 28th 2009". YouTube. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  107. ↑ "Marc Emery to be Taken Into Custody | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  108. ↑ "CN BC: Emery's Tearful Goodbye". Mapinc.org. 2009-09-29. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  109. ↑ "CN BC: Emery Out on Bail Till Extradition". Mapinc.org. 2009-11-18. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  110. ↑ Canada (2010-05-10). "'Prince of Pot' will be extradited". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  111. ↑ "Metro – Emery out on bail till extradition". Metronews.ca. 2009-11-18. Archived from the original on 2010-01-24. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  112. ↑ “”. "Jodie @ Marc EMERY JOYTV Part1". YouTube. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  113. ↑ "Prison Vigil for 'The Prince of Pot' Continues Every Day | Cannabis Culture Magazine". Cannabisculture.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  114. ↑ Willett, Lindsay D. (2009-11-17). "Marc Emery "Prince Of Pot" Granted Bail Last Days in Canada Prior to US Extradition". Orato. Archived from the original on 2009-12-05. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  115. ↑ “”. "Marc Emery 24/7 Prison Vigil – Day 28". YouTube. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  116. ↑ " Emery sentencing
  117. ↑ Marc Emery Turns Himself In. News 1130 All News Radio Archived 2010-05-13 at the Wayback Machine.
  118. ↑ "WEEK THREE: Marc Emery Held in Solitary Confinement". Cannabis Culture. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  119. ↑ Prince Of Pot Marc Emery Sentenced To 5 Years In Prison By US Judge. Damian Inwood. The Province. Retrieved Sept 10, 2010.
  120. ↑ Canadian, The (2010-09-10). "Pot Prince Gets 5 Years. Canadian Press. Retrieved Sept 10, 2010". News.ca.msn.com. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
  121. ↑ Pulkkinen, Levi (2010-09-07). "Prince of Pot' prepares for prison, calls prosecution 'political". Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
  122. ↑ "Marc Scott Emery." Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved on January 10, 2011.
  123. ↑ ""Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-03. Retrieved 2011-06-19. ." Cannabis Culture. Retrieved on June 18, 2011.
  124. ↑ Emery, Marc. "[Marc Emery] Marc Emery's Blog about Marc Emery www.FreeMarc.ca more blog posts Marc Emery: His Final Blog from U.S. Federal Prison". Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  125. ↑ Emery, Marc. "[Marc Emery] Marc Emery's Blog about Marc Emery www.FreeMarc.ca more blog posts Marc Emery: His Final Blog from U.S. Federal Prison". Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  126. ↑ Emery, Marc. "[Marc Emery] Marc Emery's Blog about Marc Emery www.FreeMarc.ca more blog posts Marc Emery: His Final Blog from U.S. Federal Prison". Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  127. ↑ "'Prince of Pot' to be released and returned to Canada via Windsor, Ont". Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  128. ↑ Emery, Marc. "[Marc Emery] Marc Emery's Blog about Marc Emery www.FreeMarc.ca more blog posts Marc Emery: His Final Blog from U.S. Federal Prison". Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  129. ↑ http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/marc-emery-b-c-s-prince-of-pot-returns-to-vancouver-1.2738700
  130. ↑ "Cannabis Culture Opens Ten New Marijuana Dispensaries in Montreal". Cannabis Culture. 2016-12-14. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
  131. ↑ Christopher Curtis, John Meagher (2016-12-16). "Police raids underway at Cannabis Culture marijuana dispensaries". Montreal Gazette. Retrieved 2016-12-16.
  132. 1 2 "Cannabis Culture pot shop back in business one day after police raid". Ottawa Citizen. 2017-03-11. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
  133. ↑ "Marc Emery Has Been Released from Jail Following Montreal Pot Shop Raids - VICE". Vice. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
  134. ↑ "Hamilton pot dispensary Cannabis Culture still closed after police raid". CBC News. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
  135. 1 2 3 https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/guilty-pleas-and-an-inside-look-at-the-cannabis-culture-business-1.3726335
  136. ↑ Dolynny, Travis (March 9, 2017). "Marc and Jodie Emery arrested at Toronto airport". Global News. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
  137. ↑ "Police claim Cannabis Culture dispensaries possibly tied to organized crime". CityNews. 2017-03-10. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
  138. ↑ "'Prince and Princess of Pot' released on bail | Toronto Star". thestar.com. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
  139. ↑ Video: Cannabis Culture location reopens after raid - CityNews, retrieved 2017-03-12
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.