Malachi Martin

Early life and education

Trinity College, Dublin

Martin was born in Ballylongford, County Kerry, Ireland, to a middle-class family^[2] in which the children were raised speaking Irish at the dinner table. Catholic belief and practice were central; his three brothers, including Francis Xavier Martin, also became priests, two of them academics.^[3]

Martin received his secondary education at Belvedere College in Dublin. He studied philosophy for three years at University College, Dublin, and on September 6, 1939, became a novice with the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits).^[4] He taught for three years, spent four years at Milltown Park, Dublin, and was ordained in August 1954.^[5]

Upon completion of his degree course in Dublin, Martin was sent to the Catholic University of Louvain in Belgium, where he took a doctorate in archaeology, oriental history and semitic languages. He started postgraduate studies at both the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and at the University of Oxford, specializing in intertestamentary studies and knowledge of Jesus Christ and of Hebrew and Arabic manuscripts. He undertook additional study in rational psychology, experimental psychology, physics and anthropology.^[1]

Work and ordination

Martin took part in the research on the Dead Sea Scrolls and published 24 articles on Semitic palaeography in various journals.^[6][7] He did archaeological research and worked extensively on the Byblos syllabary in Byblos,^[8] in Tyre, and in the Sinai Peninsula. Martin assisted in his first exorcism while staying in Egypt for archaeological research. He published a work in two volumes, The Scribal Character of the Dead Sea Scrolls, in 1958.^[9]

St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City

He was summoned to Rome to work at the Holy See as a private secretary of Cardinal Bea SJ from 1958 until 1964. This brought him into contact with Pope John XXIII. Martin's years in Rome coincided with the beginning of the Second Vatican Council (1962–65), which was to transform the Catholic Church in a way that the initially liberal Martin began to find distressing. He became friends with Monsignor George Gilmary Higgins and a fellow Jesuit priest, Father John Courtney Murray.^[2]

In Rome, he became a professor at the Pontifical Biblical Institute in Rome, where he taught Aramaic, paleography, Hebrew and Sacred Scripture. He also taught theology, part-time, at Loyola University Chicago's John Felice Rome Center.^[2] He worked as a translator for the Orthodox Churches and Ancient Oriental Churches Division of the Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity under Cardinal Bea. Thus, Martin became well acquainted with prominent Jewish leaders, such as Rabbi Abraham Heschel, in 1961 and 1962.^[10] Martin accompanied Pope Paul VI on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in January 1964.^[11] He resigned his position at the Pontifical Institute in June 1964.^[2]

In February 1965, Martin requested release from the Jesuit Order.^[2] He received a provisional release in May 1965^[2] and a dispensation from his vows of poverty and obedience on June 30, 1965^[2] (cf. qualified exclaustration). After 25 years as a Jesuit, he left Rome suddenly in July.^[12] Even if dispensed from his religious vow of chastity, he remained under the obligation of chastity if still an ordained secular priest. Martin maintained that he remained a priest, saying that he had received a dispensation from Paul VI to that effect. His critics disagreed.^[5]

He moved permanently to New York City in 1966, where he first worked as a dishwasher, a waiter and taxi driver,^[2] and continued to write.^[5] He co-founded an antiques firm and was active in communications and media for the rest of his life.^[1] After his arrival in New York, Cardinal Terence Cooke gave him written permission to exercise his secular priestly faculties.

Communications and media

Central Park, New York

In 1967, Martin received his first Guggenheim Fellowship. In 1969, he got his first breakthrough with his book The Encounter: Religion in Crisis as a result of his expertise in Judaism, Christianity and Islam and with which he won the Choice Book Award of the American Library Association.^[13] Afterwards came other liberally oriented books like Three Popes and the Cardinal: The Church of Pius, John and Paul in its Encounter with Human History (1972) and Jesus Now (1973). Malachi Martin became a United States citizen^[14] in 1970.

He received a second Guggenheim fellowship in 1969, which enabled him to write his first of four bestsellers,^[15] Hostage to the Devil: The Possession and Exorcism of Five Living Americans. With this book, published in 1975, Martin references his experience as an exorcist. According to the book he assisted in several exorcisms. In 1996, he spoke of having performed thousands of minor exorcisms, and participated in a few hundred major exorcisms during his lifetime.^[16]

During that decade, Martin also served as religious editor for National Review^[17][18] from 1972 to 1978, when he was succeeded by Michael Novak. He was interviewed twice by William F. Buckley, Jr. for Firing Line on PBS.^[19] He was an editor for the Encyclopædia Britannica.^[20]

Martin published several books in quick succession the following years: The Final Conclave (1978), King of Kings: a Novel of the Life of David (1980) and Vatican: A Novel (1986) were "factionals". The Decline and Fall of the Roman Church (1981), The New Castle: Reaching for the Ultimate (1982), Rich Church, Poor Church: The Catholic Church and its Money (1984) and There is Still Love: Five Parables of God's Love That Will Change Your Life (1984) were non-fiction works. His bestselling^[15] 1987 non-fiction book, The Jesuits: The Society of Jesus and the Betrayal of the Roman Catholic Church, was highly critical of the Order, accusing the Jesuits of systematically undermining church teachings.^[21]

Later life

Martin's The Keys of This Blood: The Struggle for World Dominion between Pope John Paul II, Mikhail Gorbachev, and the Capitalist West was published in 1990 and was followed in 1996 by Windswept House: A Vatican Novel. Martin worked closely with paranormal researchers Dave Considine, Ed and Lorraine Warren, and John Zaffis on several of their independent cases.

Martin continued to offer Mass privately each day in the Tridentine Mass form, and vigorously exercised his priestly ministry all the way up until his death. He was strongly supported by some Traditional Catholic sources and severely criticized by other sources, such as the National Catholic Reporter.^[22][23][24] Martin served as a guest commentator for CNN during the live coverage of the pastoral visit of Pope John Paul II to the United States October 4–8, 1995.

He was a periodic guest on Art Bell's radio program, Coast to Coast AM, between 1995 and 1998.^[25][26] In the last three years of his life, Martin forged a close friendship with the Traditionalist Catholic philosopher, Dr. Rama Ponnambalam Coomaraswamy (1929–2006). In the final years before his death, Martin was received in a private audience by Pope John Paul II.^[11] Afterwards, he started working on a book with the working title Primacy: How the Institutional Roman Catholic Church became a Creature of the New World Order.^[12]

Death

The footstone of Malachi Martin in Gate of Heaven Cemetery

Malachi Martin died of an intracerebral hemorrhage due to a fall in his apartment in Manhattan in 1999, four days after his 78th birthday. It was cited in the documentary Hostage to the Devil that he was pushed from the stool he was standing on by a demonic force ^[11] His funeral wake took place in St. Anthony of Padua Roman Catholic Chapel of West Orange, New Jersey, before the burial within the Gate of Heaven Cemetery, in Hawthorne, New York.

Writings

In 1964, Martin, under the pseudonym Michael Serafian, wrote The Pilgrim: Pope Paul VI, The Council and The Church in a time of decision, an apologia for the Jews, which, among other things, told the story of the Jewish question and the Second Vatican Council. He produced numerous best-selling fictional and non-fictional literary works, which became widely read throughout the world. His fictional works gave detailed insider accounts of Church history during the reigns of Popes Pius XII, John XXIII, Pope Paul VI (The Pilgrim, Three Popes and the Cardinal, Vatican: A Novel^[15]), John Paul I (The Final Conclave^[15]) and John Paul II (The Keys of This Blood, Windswept House).

His non-fictional writings cover a range of Catholic topics, such as demonic exorcisms, satanism, liberation theology, the Second Vatican Council (The Pilgrim), the Tridentine liturgy, Catholic dogma, modernism (Three Popes and the Cardinal; The Jesuits), the financial history of the Church (Rich Church, Poor Church; The Decline and Fall of the Roman Church), the New World Order and the geopolitical importance of the Pope (The Keys of This Blood).

Opinions

He spoke and wrote often about the Three Secrets of Fátima and was an ardent supporter of Fr. Nicholas Gruner: "Father Gruner is fulfilling a desperately needed function in the ongoing perception of Mary's role in the salvation of our imperilled world. Father Gruner is absolutely correct that the consecration of Russia as—Our Lady desired, has not been executed".^[27]

Martin said concerning the three secrets of the Virgin Mary as Queen of Heaven in Fátima in 1917, she mandated the Pope of 1960 to consecrate Russia to her Immaculate Heart. The Russian Orthodox Church would then convert to Roman Catholicism. If the mandate were not followed, devastating war in the world and destruction inside the church (The Great Apostasy) would follow. He said that he stood outside the papal living quarters in 1960 whilst Pope John XXIII and Cardinal Bea and others were reading the document containing the third secret and that, in order to assure Russian cooperation at the approaching Second Vatican Council, the Pope decided against the mandate. Later, Paul VI and John Paul II decided against it for various reasons.^[3]

He was an outspoken opponent of the alleged apparitions of the Virgin Mary at Međugorje in former Yugoslavia. Martin regretted writing the foreword of The Thunder of Justice: The Warning, the Miracle, the Chastisement, the Era of Peace, a 1993 book by Ted and Maureen Flynn^[28] defending, among others, the apparitions in Međugorje, stating that false pretences were used in obtaining his recommendation.^[29] Concerning the Garabandal apparitions, he remained open-minded.^[30] Martin agreed the ordinations of several sedevacantist bishops by former Archbishop Thục of Huế, Vietnam, although not allowed, were sacramentally valid.^[31]

In March 1997, Martin claimed on Radio Liberty's Steel on Steel, that two popes were murdered during the 20th Century:

• Pope Pius XI was murdered on the orders of Benito Mussolini, because of his 1931 encyclical, Non abbiamo bisogno, which was critical of the Italian fascist state.
• Pope John Paul I was murdered^[31][32] according to Martin's book, Vatican: A Novel, by Jean-Marie Villot, formerly Cardinal Secretary of State under Pope Paul VI, under orders from the U.S.S.R..^[13]

Martin partially gave credence to the Siri thesis, saying that Cardinal Giuseppe Siri was twice elected pope in papal conclaves, but declined his election after being pressured by worldly forces acting through cardinals present at the conclaves. Martin called this the little brutality. On the one hand, Martin says that Siri was intimidated: on the other hand he says that Siri did indicate that his decision not to accept was made freely.^[31][33]

• The first occasion, according to him, was the Papal conclave, 1963. Martin mentioned the possibility of a nuclear threat which involved "the very existence of the Vatican state" during this conclave on pages 600–610 of his book The Keys of this Blood, which deals primarily with Siri and the 1963 conclave.
• The second time was the Papal conclave, October 1978. Martin said on Radio Liberty's programme Steel on Steel in March 1997, that Siri received a written note after his initial election threatening him and his family with death should he accept.^[32]

Martin claimed that Popes John XXIII and Paul VI were Freemasons during a certain period and that photographs and other detailed documents proving this were in the possession of the Vatican State Secretariat.^[31] He allegorically mentioned these supposed facts in his 1986 novel Vatican: A Novel, where he related the masonic adherence of Popes Giovanni Angelica and Giovanni De Brescia.^[13] He claimed Archbishop Annibale Bugnini C.M. was a freemason and that Agostino Casaroli, long-time Cardinal Secretary of State, was an atheist.^[31]

In his 1987 book The Jesuits, Martin claims to prove the existence of a diplomatic agreement between the Vatican and the USSR called the Metz Accord. The Vatican allegedly promised non-condemnation of communism in exchange for participation of Russian-Orthodox prelates as observers at the Second Vatican Council. In his book The Final Conclave, published on August 1, 1978,^[34] the month of the 1978 conclave that resulted in the 28 August election of Albino Luciani, Malachi Martin wrote of the unexpected election of a Cardinal Angelico, a figure that has been interpreted as corresponding to Luciani.^[35]

Martin stated that, along with diabolic possession, angelic possession also exists and that angels could have use of preternatural powers in certain circumstances.^[3][16]

Alleged affairs

There were three allegations made against Martin of having affairs with women:

• Martin was criticized most notably in the book Clerical Error: A True Story by Robert Blair Kaiser, Time magazine's former Vatican correspondent. Kaiser, a former Jesuit, accused Martin of having carried on an extramarital affair with his wife during 1964 in Rome,^[2] and claimed that Martin fled to the United States as a renegade from the priesthood.^[36] A friend of Martin's, William H. Kennedy, published an article in The Seattle Catholic disputing Kaiser's allegation and other claims made about Martin after his death.^[37] Kennedy points out that Kaiser admits in his book that he was diagnosed as having paranoid schizophrenia,^[38] and cites passages from Kaiser's book which he believes show that Kaiser was writing from a distorted and delusional perspective due to his mental illness. With regard to being a renegade from the priesthood, evidence is cited that suggests that Martin received a special dispensation in order to become a writer, while retaining his status as a priest with limited faculties.^[39][40]
• In her 2008 book, Queen of the Oil Club: The Intrepid Wanda Jablonski and the Power of Information, Anna Rubino wrote that Martin had a love affair with oil journalist Wanda Jablonski on a visit to Beirut, Lebanon in the 1950s.^[41] The book was published long after the deaths of both Jablonski (1992) and Martin (1999).

Laicization dispute

The traditionalist Catholic website Daily Catholic said in 2004 that Father Vincent O'Keefe S.J., former Vicar General of the Society of Jesus and a past President of Fordham University, stated that Martin had never been laicized. According to this report, O'Keefe stated that Martin had been released from his Jesuit vows except for chastity.^[42]

Religious vows such as those of Jesuits include that of chastity, but a religious priest dispensed from them is still bound by the obligation of chastity that is attached to his priesthood, unless he is also laicized, which usually includes dispensation from the obligation imposed by law of celibacy.^[43] When a priest of a religious institute becomes a secular priest he must first find a bishop willing to accept him as a member of the clergy of his diocese.^[44] No claim has been made that Martin was incardinated into any particular diocese, a requirement for dispensation from religious vows without also being laicized.

Martin himself is quoted as stating that "'In 1965, Mr. Martin received a dispensation from all privileges and obligations deriving from his vows as a Jesuit and from priestly ordination' (Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, 25 June 1997, Prot. N. 04300/65)".^[45]

The Daily Catholic said its 2004 statement was based on one by William Kennedy according to which the declaration of Martin's laicization was mounted in retaliation for his book The Jesuits, which accused the Jesuits of deviating from their original character and mission by embracing Liberation Theology.^[46]

Alleged ordination as a bishop

During a videotaped memorial titled Malachi Martin Weeps For His Church, Rama Coomaraswamy, a sedevacantist cleric, claimed that Martin had told him that he had been secretly ordained a bishop during the reign of Pius XII in order to travel behind the Iron Curtain ordaining priests and bishops for the underground churches of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Coomaraswamy died in 2006.^{[11][47][48][49]}

Alleged authorship

• The book The Pilgrim: Pope Paul VI, The Council and The Church in a time of decision was written by Martin under the pseudonym Michael Serafian. This was confirmed by Martin himself and corroborated independently by Hans Küng.^[50] Martin related that his choice of surname, Serafian, was due to meeting a carpet dealer in Jerusalem with that name, during the pilgrimage of Paul VI to the Holy Land in January 1964. Serafian is a common Armenian surname.^[11]
• The anonymously-written book Complaints against God by One of His Creatures was not written by Martin but by Fr. Andrew Greeley, a liberal priest.^[51]
• The pseudonym of Xavier Rynne, used to write more than 20 books on Vatican II, is not that of Martin but of Fr. Francis X. Murphy C.Ss.R..^[52][53]
• The 1966 article Laures et ermitages du désert d'Egypte published in Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph by the hand of "M. Martin" was written by Maurice Martin, and not Malachi Martin.^[54]

Joseph Roddy allegations

Journalist Joseph Roddy alleged — in a 1966 Look Magazine article about the debate about Jews during the Second Vatican Council^[55] — that one and the same person under three different pseudonyms had written or acted on behalf of Jewish interest groups, such as the American Jewish Committee, to influence the outcome of the debates. Roddy wrote that two timely and remunerated 1965 articles were penned under the pseudonym F.E. Cartus, one for Harper's Magazine^[56] and one for the American Jewish Committee's magazine Commentary.^[57][58]

Roddy alleged that tidbits of information were leaked to the New York press that detailed Council failings vis a vis Jews under the pseudonym of Pushkin. Roddy claimed two unidentified persons were one and the same person — a "young cleric-turned-journalist" and a "Jesuit of Irish descent working for Cardinal Bea ... who was active in the Biblical Institute" — he figuratively named as Timothy O'Boyle-Fitzharris, S.J. so as not to reveal the true identity of his source. Roddy mentioned The Pilgrim in a footnote to his article.

In his 2007 book Spiritual Radical: Abraham Joshua Heschel in America, Edward K. Kaplan confirmed that Martin cooperated with the American Jewish Committee during the Council "for a mixture of motives, both lofty and ignoble ... [He] primarily advised the committee on theological issues, but he also provided logistical intelligence and copies of restricted documents." It is confirmed in the book that Martin used the pseudonyms Forest and Pushkin.^[10] Kaplan acknowledges that the kiss and tell book about the internal workings of the Council, The Pilgrim by Michael Serafian, was requested from Martin by Abraham J. Heschel, who arranged for the book to be published by Roger W. Straus, Jr.'s Farrar, Straus and Giroux printing company. It was published in the hope that it would influence the deliberations in the council. Once Martin's identity as author was revealed, it led to protests "and the book had to be removed from circulation at considerable financial loss to the publisher". Kaplan lastly states that Malachi Martin was the primary source of information for Joseph Roddy in writing his 1966 article for Look Magazine, and that O'Boyle-Fitzharris was, in fact, Martin. Kaplan judges the Roddy article as "dangerously misleading [due] to the credence it gives to the claim that without organised Jewish pressure the council declaration on the Jews would not have been accepted."^[10]

Martin explicitly denied he was a spy, along with denying other rumors. Michael Cuneo, in his book American Exorcism writes that, "Martin told me that he was perplexed, and more than a little annoyed, by the swirl of rumors surrounding his personal life."

Elsewhere, Martin admitted some of his work involved intelligence gathering behind the Iron Curtain and throughout the Middle East, and at times threatening cardinals with blackmail if they didn't want to do what Cardinal Bea and the Pope John XXIII wanted from them at the council. "I saw cardinals sweating in front of me," Martin recalled. "And I began to enjoy it."^[59]

Alleged Jewish heritage

Rumors appearing on various Catholic or sedevacantist websites^[60] and magazines^[61] alleged that Martin had Jewish ancestry of ancestral descent from Iberian Jews migrating to Ireland and Great Britain in the 15th century, and alleged him being an Israeli spy^[3] because of his first name, Malachi, after a Hebrew prophet and his extensive travels in the Levant. These allegations were rebutted by William H. Kennedy (In Defense of Father Malachi Martin).^[62] After having made genealogical inquiries with surviving relatives of Martin in Ireland, Kennedy concluded that Martin's father was an Englishman who moved to Ireland, and that Martin's mother was Irish on both sides. Fr. Rama Coomasrawamy confirmed this independently.^[11] The Irish language name Maélsheachlainn is usually anglicised as Malachy and Saint Malachy was a 12th Century Irish saint.

Alleged photograph

Claims that Martin features as a curial monsignor in full regalia on a prominent photograph next to Pope John Paul I and his assistant Diego Lorenzi appeared on the Internet.^[63] The photograph, published in David Yallop's In God's Name: An Investigation into the Murder of Pope John Paul I as number 28 between pages 120 and 121, shows a "Monsignor Martin", visibly different from Malachi Martin.^[64] This is a case of mistaken identity: the cleric in the photograph was Jacques-Paul Martin, Prefect of the Casa Pontificia from 1969 to 1986.^[65][66]

Books

• The Scribal Character of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Vol. 1, Bibliothèque du Muséon 44, Publications Universitaires, Louvain, 1958
• The Scribal Character of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Vol. 2, Bibliothèque du Muséon 45, Publications Universitaires, Louvain, 1958
• The Pilgrim: Pope Paul VI, The Council and The Church in a time of decision, Farrar, Straus, New York, 1964 (written under the pseudonym of Michael Serafian)
• The Encounter: Religion in Crisis, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1969; ISBN 0-374-14816-3 (in collaboration with Henry Allen Moe)
• Three Popes and the Cardinal: The Church of Pius, John and Paul in its Encounter with Human History, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1972; ISBN 0-374-27675-7
• Jesus Now, E. P. Dutton, New York, 1973; ISBN 0-525-13675-4
• Hostage to the Devil: The Possession and Exorcism of Five Living Americans, 1st edition, Readers Digest, New York, 1976; ISBN 0-06-065337-X; 2nd edition with a new preface by the author, HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco, CA, U.S. 1992; ISBN 0-06-065337-X
• Martin, Malachi (1978), The Final Conclave, New York: Stein and Day, ISBN 978-0-8128-2434-6 .
• King of Kings: a Novel of the Life of David, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1980; ISBN 0-671-24707-7
• The Decline and Fall of the Roman Church, G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1981; ISBN 0-399-12665-1
• The New Castle: Reaching for the Ultimate, E.P. Dutton, New York; 1984 ISBN 0-525-16553-3
• Rich Church, Poor Church: The Catholic Church and its Money, G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1984; ISBN 0-399-12906-5
• There is Still Love: Five Parables of God's Love That Will Change Your Life, Macmillan, New York, 1984; ISBN 0-02-580440-5
• Vatican: A Novel, Harper & Row, New York, 1986; ISBN 0-06-015478-0
• The Marian Year of His Holiness, Pope John Paul II, Saint Paul, Remnant Press, 1987
• The Jesuits: The Society of Jesus and the Betrayal of the Roman Catholic Church, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1987; ISBN 0-671-54505-1
• God's Chosen People: The Relationship between Christian and Jews, Remnant Press, Saint Paul, 1988
• Apostasy Within: The Demonic in the (Catholic) American Church, Christopher Publishing House, Hanover, 1989 ISBN 0-8158-0447-4 (in collaboration with Paul Trinchard S.T.D.)
• The Keys of This Blood: The Struggle for World Dominion between Pope John Paul II, Mikhail Gorbachev, and the Capitalist West, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1990; ISBN 0-671-69174-0
• The Thunder of Justice: The Warning, the Miracle, the Chastisement, the Era of Peace, MaxKol Communications, Sterling, 1993; ISBN 0-9634307-0-X (in collaboration with Ted Flynn and Maureen Flynn)
• Windswept House: A Vatican Novel, Doubleday, New York, 1996; ISBN 0-385-48408-9
• In the Murky Waters of Vatican II, MAETA, Metairie, 1997; ISBN 1-889168-06-8 (in collaboration with Atila Sinke Guimarães)
• Fatima Priest: The Story of Father Nicolas Grüner, Gods Counsel Publishing, Pound Ridge, 1997; ISBN 0-9663046-2-4 (in collaboration with Francis Alban and Christopher A. Ferrara)

Articles

• Revision and reclassification of the Proto-Byblian signs, in Acta Orientalia, No. 31, 1962
• The Balu'a Stele: A New Transcription with Paleographic and Historical Notes, Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan, 1964, pp. 8–9 (in collaboration with Ward William)
• "Jewish Christian Ceasefire" (PDF), Worldview Magazine, New York: Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs, 17 (1), pp. 17–19, January 1974, OCLC 5856776 |contribution= ignored (help) (debate with James A. Rudin and David R. Hunter).
• "The Scientist as Shaman", Harper's Magazine, 244 (1462), March 1972 .
• Death at Sunset, in National Review, November 22, 1974
• The Scientist as Shaman, in Clarke, Robin, Notes for the future: an alternative history of the past decade, Universe Books, New York, 1975; ISBN 0-87663-929-5
• On Toying with Desecration, in National Review, October 10, 1975
• On Human Love, in National Review, September 2, 1977
• Test-Tube Morality, in National Review, October 13, 1978
• "Footsteps of Abraham", The New York Times, March 13, 1983 .