Los Angeles bid for the 2024 Summer Olympics

Bids for the
2024 (2024) Summer Olympics and Paralympics
Overview
Games of the XXXIII Olympiad
XVII Paralympic Games
Details
City Los Angeles, California, United States
Chair Casey Wasserman
NOC United States Olympic Committee (USOC)
Previous Games hosted
Decision
Result

The Los Angeles bid for the 2024 Summer Olympics and Summer Paralympics was the attempt to bring the Summer Olympic Games to the city of Los Angeles, California in 2024; the games were ultimately awarded to the city for 2028. Following withdrawals by other bidding cities during the 2024 Summer Olympics bidding process that led to just two candidate cities (Los Angeles and Paris), the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that the 2028 Summer Olympics would be awarded at the same time as 2024. After extended negotiations, Los Angeles agreed to bid for the 2028 Games if certain conditions were met.[1] On July 31, 2017, the IOC announced Los Angeles as the sole candidate for the 2028 games, with $1.8 billion of additional funding to support local sports and the Games program.[2]

Los Angeles was chosen by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) on August 28, 2015, after the Los Angeles City Council voted unanimously to back the bid.[3][4] Los Angeles was the second city submitted by the USOC for the 2024 Summer Olympics. Boston was originally chosen to be the American bid, but withdrew on July 27, 2015.[5] Los Angeles also originally bid for the USOC's nomination in late 2014, when Boston was chosen over Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and San Francisco.[6] This was the third United States summer bid since hosting the Centennial Olympic Games (1996) in Atlanta, previously losing in 2012 and 2016 to London and Rio de Janeiro.

Los Angeles previously hosted the 1932 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics, and will become the third city – after London and Paris in 2024 – to host the Summer Games three times. Los Angeles will become the first American city to host the Olympic games since the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. It will be the fifth time a US city has hosted the Summer Olympics.

Bid history

Initial campaign logo

In 2006, Los Angeles entered the bidding to become the US applicant city for the 2016 Summer Olympics; the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) selected Chicago instead that year. In September 2011, Los Angeles was awarded the 2015 Special Olympics World Summer Games.[7] In March 2013, Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa sent a letter to the USOC stating that the city was interested in bidding to host the 2024 Olympic Games.[8] On September 17, 2013, the LA County Board of Supervisors unanimously approved a resolution seeking interest in the games.[9]

On 26 April 2014, the Southern California Committee for the Olympic Games announced its bid proposal for the 2024 Olympics.[10] On 28 July 2015, the USOC contacted Los Angeles about stepping in as a replacement bidder for the 2024 Summer Games after Boston dropped its bid.[11] On 1 September 2015, the LA City Council voted 15–0 to support a bid for the 2024 Olympic Games.[12] The U.S. Olympic Committee finalised its selection moments after the LA City Council's vote.[13][14] On 13 January 2016, Los Angeles 2024 committee officials said they were "thrilled to welcome" the construction of a $2-billion-plus, state-of-the-art football stadium in Inglewood, California and believed the arrival of one—and perhaps two—NFL teams would bolster its chances.[15] On 25 January 2016, the Los Angeles 2024 committee announced that it planned to place its Olympic Village on the UCLA campus. LA 2024 also announced that media members and some Olympic officials would be housed in a 15-acre residential complex USC planned to build.[16]

On 16 February 2016, LA 2024 unveiled a new logo and its slogan, "Follow the sun."[17] On 23 February 2016, more than 88% of Angelenos were in favor of the city's hosting the 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games bid, according to a survey conducted by Loyola Marymount University.[18] On 10 March 2016, Los Angeles officials bidding for the 2024 Summer Olympics turned their focus to temporary facilities that might be needed. Current plans include an elevated track built over the football field at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum and a proposal to temporarily convert Figueroa Street into a miles-long promenade for pedestrians and bicyclists.[19]

On 2 June 2016, the IOC confirmed that Los Angeles would proceed to the second stage of bidding for the 2024 Summer Games.[20] On 29 July 2016, LA 2024 officials released artist renderings of an updated Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum and temporary swim stadium that would be used if Los Angeles is awarded the 2024 Summer Olympics.[21]

On 31 July 2016, Mayor Eric Garcetti led a 25-person contingent from Los Angeles to Rio de Janeiro to promote their city's bid for the 2024 Summer Olympics.[22] On 7 September 2016, LA 2024 planned to send a 16-person delegation to the 2016 Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro as part of its ongoing campaign to bring the Olympics back to Southern California.[23]

On 13 September 2016, the LA 2024 bid committee released a two-minute video featuring a montage of local scenes narrated by children talking about their "dream city".[24] On 23 September 2016, LA 2024 agreed to terms with the U.S. Olympic Committee on a required but controversial marketing arrangement. The Joint Marketing Program Agreement outlines shared responsibilities—and shared income—between Los Angeles and the USOC.[25] On 7 October 2016, LA 2024 officials again made adjustments to their proposal for the 2024 Summer Olympics, moving half of a large and potentially expensive media center to the USC campus.[26] On 21 October 2016, the LA 2024 bid committee again enlisted U.S. Olympians to help make the case for bringing the Summer Olympics back to Los Angeles.[27]

On 9 November 2016, LA 2024 issued a statement noting "LA 2024 congratulates President-elect Donald J. Trump and appreciates his longstanding support of the Olympic movement in the United States. We strongly believe the Olympics and LA 2024 transcend politics and can help unify our diverse communities and our world."[28] On 12 November 2016, Mayor Eric Garcetti and six-time gold medalist sprinter Allyson Felix led an LA 2024 presentation to an array of Olympic leaders and sports officials at a general assembly for the Assn. of National Olympic Committees in Doha, Qatar.[29] On 23 November 2016, President-elect Trump expressed his support for Los Angeles's 2024 Olympic bid during a phone call with Mayor Garcetti.[30] On 2 December 2016, LA 2024 released a new budget estimating it would spend $5.3 billion to stage the Games.[31]

On 2 January 2017, Angeleno Olympians and Paralympians rode on the Rose Parade float titled "Follow the Sun" to promote the city's bid.[32] On 9 January 2017, LA 2024 issued a report predicting that the mega-sporting event would boost the local economy by $11.2 billion.[33] On 25 January 2017, the Los Angeles City Council gave unanimous final approval for a privately run bid.[34] On 28 February 2017, it was announced that four Hollywood film studios (Disney, Fox, NBCUniversal and Warner Bros) would be helping promote the Los Angeles bid.[35] On 20 April 2017, the private committee trying to bring the Summer Olympics back to Los Angeles has issued a new set of renderings and videos showing what those Games might look like.[36]

Following the decision to award the 2024 and 2028 games simultaneously, Los Angeles announced that it would consider a bid for the 2028 Games, if certain conditions were met.[1] On 31 July 2017, the IOC announced Los Angeles as the sole candidate for the 2028 games, with $1.8 billion of additional funding to support local sport and the Games programme.[2]On August 29, 2018, for the first time since awarding the 2028 Summer Games to Los Angeles Olympic officials returned for a two-day visit that included meetings with local organizers and a tour of the city's newest venues.[37].On October 9,2018 a grassroots movement called NOlympics LA released poll results Tuesday stating that 45% of respondents from Los Angeles County and 47% from across California oppose bringing the 2028 Summer Games to Los Angeles.[38].

Bid process

IOC

2024 Olympic Bid Evaluation Commission:[39]

Budget

Revenues

Revenue description[52] OCOG revenue
(million $ 2024)		 % of revenue
IOC contribution $855.0 13.8%
Broadcast of TOP sponsorships $453.5 7.3%
Domestic sponsorships $2246.5 36.3%
Sports ticketing revenue $1788.1 28.9%
Licensing and merchandise $262.4 4.2%
Government contribution or grants $11.6 0.2%
Lotteries and licensing royalties[52] $8.1 0.1%
Other revenues $570.9 9.2%
Total revenues $6,196.3 100%

UCLA, University of Southern California (USC), NBC Universal, Los Angeles Rams and the City of Los Angeles are modernizing or building infrastructure to future Olympic venues totaling over $3 billion. Not listed as non-OCOG (Organizing Committee for Olympic Games).[53]

The City of Los Angeles has guaranteed to sign the required Olympic City Charter and be the sole entity responsible for the games and cost surplus or overruns. The City has pledged to contribute $250 million to cover any cost overruns. The State of California has created an Olympic Games Trust Fund that would pay for potential budget overruns up to $250 million. Both government guaranty payments would take place only if LA 2024's private insurance proves inadequate to cover cost overruns.[54]

The theme and bid embodies Agenda 2020 reforms of Olympics in Los Angeles, A surplus of $161 million is predicted. On January 9, 2017, the LA 2024 committee issued a report predicting that the Olympics would boost the local economy by $11.2 billion.[55]

Transportation and infrastructure

LAX, the city's main airport, is investing more than USD 1.9 billion into an expansion of the Tom Bradley International Terminal.[56] The new Midfield Concourse Terminal is scheduled to add 11 gates for 2019, and many other improvements are planned with an expected completion date of 2023.[57]

The Los Angeles Metro passed a county-wide measure expanding the county of Los Angeles' transportation tax for modernization of its infrastructure in 2008. This measure provides funding for many of the highest priority projects, including the Crenshaw/LAX Line connecting to LAX, Regional Connector light rail subway line corridor thru Downtown LA to Santa Monica and Long Beach, Purple Line Extension subway to UCLA, the Los Angeles Streetcar through downtown LA and five other transit lines and projects in the draft stages. The Purple Line and Crenshaw/LAX connectors are to be completed in time for 2024. The transportation plans are already fully funded by LA County voters. A second measure, Measure M, which passed in November 2016 elections, will extend the transportation tax funds indefinitely and speed many other projects with $120 billion in highway and transit projects over forty years, including a Sepulveda Subway line from the Valley to the Los Angeles westside thru the Sepulveda Pass.[58]

LA 2024 bid leaders are touting these measures and infrastructure improvements as indicators of the new Los Angeles and a car-free Olympics in a city known for its car culture. 158.5 km (98 miles) of new rails, 93 stations and 350,000 daily average boardings.[59] Los Angeles had no rail lines in 1984. Bid leaders indicate public rail transportation lines will be available to all of the clusters: Downtown Long Beach, San Fernando Valley Sports Park, Downtown L.A., and the Santa Monica beach cluster.[60]

LA 2024 Bid Committee

Leadership

  • Eric Garcetti: Mayor of Los Angeles
  • Casey Wasserman: Chair, LA 2024
  • Gene Sykes: Chief Executive Officer
  • Maria Elena Durazo: Vice Chair
  • Earvin "Magic" Johnson: Vice Chair
  • Janet Evans: Vice Chair, Director, Athlete Relations
  • Larry Probst: Chairman USOC
  • Anita Defrantz: US IOC Member, Senior Advisor for Legacy
  • Angela Ruggiero: US IOC Member
  • Terrance Burns: Chief Marketing Officer
  • John Harper: Chief Operations Officer
  • Jeff Millman: Chief Communications Officer
  • Brence Culp: Executive Director, Housing
  • Carla Garcia: Director, Administrative Operations
  • Brian Nelson: General Counsel
  • Peter Tomozawa: Executive Director, Partnerships and Board Relations
  • Tanja Olando: Deputy General Counsel
  • Jared Schott: Director of International Relations and Assistant General Counsel

In addition, the 2024 Bid Committee includes a 108-member athletes' advisory committee, which includes Andre Agassi, Allyson Felix, Michelle Kwan, Katie Ledecky, Greg Louganis, Carl Lewis, Apolo Ohno, Landon Donovan, Kobe Bryant and Michael Phelps.[61]

Legacy of the Games

Sport legacy

The Los Angeles Olympic bid committee has stated that its legacy will be delivering a sustainable model for the bidding process and delivery of a cost-effective Olympic Games.[57] Los Angeles bid leaders are focusing on delivering an Olympic Games for the best athlete experience and not a centerpiece for a city revitalization project, as was recently the case for Sochi, Russia and Beijing, China. Bid leaders have indicated Los Angeles is transforming itself, does not need a city showcase, and has the ability to showcase the athletes instead.

Social and economic and benefit

The theme and bid embodies Agenda 2020 reforms of Olympics in Los Angeles, A surplus of $161 million is predicted. On January 9, 2017, the LA 2024 committee issued a report predicting that the Olympics would boost the local economy by $11.2 billion.[62]

Proposed venues

The 2024 Los Angeles Olympic bid uses existing venues, venues under construction and new temporary venues in and around the City of Los Angeles.[57] Approximately half of the venues are outside the City of Los Angeles.

Many of the proposed venues are facilities constructed after the 1984 games. Staples Center opened in 1999. Stub Hub Center was opened in 2003. Galen Center was opened in 2006. Microsoft Theater opened in 2007. UCLA proposed the Olympic Village on their campus with dorms built in 2015.[63] Rose Bowl was renovated in 2013. The Forum was recently renovated in 2014. USC "University Village" is currently under construction and set to open in 2017. The "MyFigueroa" street redevelopment project is currently under construction. Banc of California soccer Stadium and the American Football L.A. Stadium at Hollywood Park are currently under construction with completion dates of 2018 and 2020 respectively. The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum renovations are scheduled to begin in mid-2017 by USC. The Los Angeles Convention Center (LACOEX) remodel and additions are to begin in 2018. The NBC/IBC proposed center is set to be completed in 2019. All of these proposed venues will be renovated or completed with or without the Olympic Games being awarded.

Downtown Los Angeles Sports Park

Venue Events Capacity Status
Figueroa Street[57] Live site: "Olympic Way" N/A Existing
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Athletics 70,000 Existing
Closing Ceremonies
Dodger Stadium Baseball and softball (preliminaries, finals) 56,000 Existing
Banc of California Stadium Football (preliminaries) 22,000 Under construction
Dedeaux Field (USC) Swimming, diving, synchronized swimming 20,000 Existing
Galen Center (USC) Badminton 10,300 Existing
Karate
Los Angeles Convention Center Basketball (women's preliminaries) 8,000 Existing
Boxing 8,000
Fencing
Taekwondo 7,000
Table tennis 5,000
BMX freestyle
Staples Center Basketball (preliminaries, finals) 18,000 Existing
Microsoft Theater Weightlifting 7,000 Existing
University Village (USC) Media Village N/A Existing
City Hall Marathon 5,000 Existing
Race walk
Road cycling

Valley Sports Park

Venue Events Capacity Status
Sepulveda Basin Park, Los Angeles, CA Canoe slalom 8,000 Planned construction
Equestrian 15,000 Temporary structure
Shooting 3,000 Temporary structure

South Bay Sports Park

Venue Events Capacity Status
StubHub Center, Carson, CA Rugby 30,000 Existing
Modern pentathlon 30,000 Existing
Tennis 10,000 (center court) Existing
Field hockey 15,000 (primary field; secondary field 5,000) Existing
VELO Sports Center, Carson, CA Track cycling 6,000 Existing
Modern pentathlon fencing 6,000 Existing

Long Beach Sports Park

Venue Events Capacity Status
Long Beach Waterfront, Long Beach, CA BMX cycling 6,000 Temporary
Water polo 8,000 Existing
Triathlon 2,000 Existing
Open water swimming 2,000 Existing
Long Beach Arena, Long Beach, CA Handball 12,000 Existing
Long Beach Convention Center, Long Beach, CA Sports climbing 10,000 Existing
Belmont Veterans Memorial Pier, Long Beach, CA Sailing 6,000 Existing

Other Venues

Venue Events Capacity Status
Rose Bowl, Pasadena, CA Football 92,000 Existing
Angel Stadium, Anaheim, CA Baseball and softball 45,457 Existing
Lake Perris, Perris, CA Canoe sprint 12,000 Existing
Rowing 12,000 Existing
Frank G. Bonelli Regional Park, San Dimas, CA Mountain biking 3,000 Temporary
Honda Center, Anaheim, CA Indoor volleyball 18,000 Existing
Universal Studios, Hollywood, CA International Broadcast Center/MPC[64] – Existing
Los Angeles Westside Area
Santa Monica State Beach, Santa Monica, CA Beach volleyball 12,000 Temporary
Skateboarding 10,000 Existing
Surfing 8,000 Existing
3×3 Basketball – Existing
Riviera Country Club, Los Angeles, CA Golf 30,000 Existing
Pauley Pavilion (UCLA), Westwood, CA Olympic Village, Olympic Village Training Center – Existing
Wrestling 12,500 Existing
Judo 12,500 Existing
LA Stadium at Hollywood Park, Inglewood, CA Opening and Closing Ceremonies 100,000 Under construction
Football 100,000 Under construction
Archery 8,000 (Stadium Lake) Under construction
The Forum, Inglewood, CA Gymnastics 17,000 Existing

Olympic ceremonies

Olympic ceremonies could be held in two venues simultaneously; the ceremony would begin at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Exposition Park to honor the legacy of the Olympics in Los Angeles and then transfer to the new Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood to proceed with the parade of athletes, oaths, traditional Olympic protocol and the lighting of a cauldron. LA 2024 bid leaders wish to use the new LA stadium to dispel negative thought about using the LA Memorial Coliseum for a third Olympics. They also cite ticket sales at both sites as extra cash flow for the committee. The LA 2024 team also stated they would reverse the closing ceremony with a start at LA Stadium and close the show at the LA Coliseum if chosen.[65]

Football (soccer) stadia

Football venues will be situated within Los Angeles and in other parts of California, to be determined.[52]

Potential venues:

According to LA2024.org there will be eight venues in the borders of State of California (probably eight venues in four municipalities).

Changed venues

Piggyback Yard, a rail yard along the LA River, was the original proposed location for the Olympic Village. It would have been an entirely new residential development that would be permanent housing after the games. The plan was abandoned and UCLA was chosen as the new proposed location.[66]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Press, Associated (13 May 2017). "LA may consider 2028 Olympics if 2024 bid falls through". New York Post. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  2. 1 2 "Los Angeles Declares Candidature for Oylmpic Games 2028 - IOC to Contribute USD 1.8Billion to the Local Organizing Committee". IOC. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
  3. ↑ "USOC names Los Angeles the official U.S. bidder for the 2024 Summer Olympics". Los Angeles Times. September 1, 2015. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
  4. ↑ "Angelenos have mixed opinions about 2024 Olympic bid". ABC 7 Los Angeles. September 2, 2015. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
  5. ↑ Vaccaro, Adam (July 27, 2015). "Boston's Olympic Bid is Dead". Boston Globe. Archived from the original on July 29, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Boston will bid to host 2024 Olympic Games: USOC". Yahoo! Sports. Reuters. January 8, 2015. Archived from the original on January 11, 2015. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  7. ↑ "Los Angeles 2015". Special Olympics. September 14, 2011. Archived from the original on November 11, 2011. Retrieved November 1, 2011.
  8. ↑ "2024 Olympic Games?". March 7, 2013. Archived from the original on December 4, 2013.
  9. ↑ "Los Angeles Board Formally States Interest In Hosting 2024 Olympics". CBS Los Angeles. Archived from the original on November 11, 2013. Retrieved September 17, 2013.
  10. ↑ "Southern California Committee for the Olympic Games". sccog.org. 2014. Retrieved 15 June 2014.
  11. ↑ Wharton, David (28 July 2015). "U.S. Olympic Committee contacts Los Angeles about 2024 Summer Games". Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  12. ↑ "USOC endorses Los Angeles for 2024 Olympics bid". ABC 7 Los Angeles. 1 September 2015. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  13. ↑ "USOC names Los Angeles the official U.S. bidder for the 2024 Summer Olympics". Los Angeles Times. 1 September 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  14. ↑ "Angelenos have mixed opinions about 2024 Olympic bid". ABC 7 Los Angeles. 2 September 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  15. ↑ "NFL stadium could boost L.A.'s Olympic bid". Los Angeles Times. January 2016. Archived from the original on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
  16. ↑ "Where would L.A. put all those Olympic athletes? Panel looks at UCLA". Los Angeles Times. January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
  17. ↑ "LA 2024 unveils logo for Olympic bid". Los Angeles Times. February 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  18. ↑ "LA 2024 Olympic bid receives wide public support in new poll". Los Angeles Times. February 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  19. ↑ "LA 2024 mulls temporary Olympic facilities – a raised Coliseum track, maybe?". Los Angeles Times. March 2016. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  20. ↑ "L.A. advances to next stage of 2024 Olympic bidding process". Los Angeles Times. June 2016. Archived from the original on 2 June 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  21. ↑ "LA 2024 releases renderings of updated Coliseum, temporary swim stadium". Los Angeles Times. July 2016. Archived from the original on 1 August 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  22. ↑ "LA 2024 brings large crew to Rio Olympics". Los Angeles Times. July 2016. Archived from the original on 31 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  23. ↑ "LA 2024 will send a delegation of 16 people to 2016 Paralympics in Rio". Los Angeles Times. September 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  24. ↑ "LA 2024 video marks one year until Olympic leaders select host for 2024 Summer Games". Los Angeles Times. September 2016. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  25. ↑ "LA 2024 and U.S. Olympic leaders come to terms on marketing agreement". Los Angeles Times. September 2016. Archived from the original on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
  26. ↑ "LA 2024 relocates Summer Olympics press center to USC in latest bid documents". Los Angeles Times. October 2016. Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
  27. ↑ "U.S. Olympians make video pitches for Los Angeles' 2024 bid". Los Angeles Times. October 2016. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  28. ↑ "LA 2024 is about to find out how a Donald Trump presidency will affect Los Angeles' Olympic bid". Los Angeles Times. November 2016. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  29. ↑ "LA Committee Lobbies For 2024 Olympics In Qatar". Archived from the original on 23 December 2016. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  30. ↑ "Trump supports L.A.'s Olympic bid, Mayor Garcetti's office says". Los Angeles Times. November 2016. Archived from the original on 24 November 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  31. ↑ "LA 2024 releases revised budget for Olympics, revenue to equal $5.3 billion in costs". Los Angeles Times. December 2016. Archived from the original on 2 December 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  32. ↑ "Top Olympians and Paralympians to Ride the City of Los Angeles and LA 2024 "Follow the Sun" Float in 128th Rose Parade" (Press release). LA 2024. 18 November 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 24 January 2017.
  33. ↑ "L.A. Olympic bid report forecasts $11-billion impact on local economy". Los Angeles Times. January 2017. Archived from the original on 10 January 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  34. ↑ "City Council unanimous in final approval for L.A. to host 2024 Olympics". Los Angeles Times. January 2017. Archived from the original on 25 January 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  35. ↑ "Hollywood studios help L.A. with 2024 Olympics bid". Los Angeles Times. February 2017. Archived from the original on 1 March 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  36. ↑ "LA 2024 releases new visuals of potential Olympic Games". Los Angeles Times. April 2017. Archived from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  37. ↑ "Olympic officials visit L.A. for the first time since awarding the bid and are impressed so far with what's to come". Los Angeles Times. August 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
  38. ↑ "New poll suggests L.A. residents concerned about hosting 2028 Olympics". Los Angeles Times. October 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
  39. ↑ "2024 Olympics Bid Evaluation Commission". Archived from the original on October 13, 2016.
  40. ↑ "Patrick Baumann". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  41. ↑ "Marisol Casado". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  42. ↑ "Mikaela Cojuangco Jaworski". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  43. ↑ "Kirsty Coventry". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  44. ↑ "Nawal El Moutawakel". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  45. ↑ "Ugur Erdener". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  46. ↑ "Habu Gumel". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  47. ↑ "Poul-Erik Høyer". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  48. ↑ "Gunilla Lindberg". Archived from the original on August 15, 2016.
  49. ↑ "Bernard Rajzman". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  50. ↑ "Kereyn Smith".
  51. ↑ "Tsunekazu Takeda". Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  52. 1 2 3 "LA2024 Games Delivery, Experience and Venue Legacy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 4, 2017.
  53. ↑ "Los Angeles 2024 Olympic projected ticket prices, venue map in bid book". NBC Sports. Associated Press. February 3, 2017. Archived from the original on February 8, 2017.
  54. ↑ Reid, Scott M. "Los Angeles City Council approves Stage II documents for 2024 Olympic Games". Los Angeles Daily News. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016.
  55. ↑ "L.A. Olympic bid report forecasts $11-billion impact on local economy". Los Angeles Times. January 2017. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved January 9, 2017.
  56. ↑ "MAYOR GARCETTI BREAKS GROUND ON NEW $1.6 BILLION LAX TERMINAL". LA Mayor. February 27, 2017. Archived from the original on February 28, 2017.
  57. 1 2 3 4 "Stage 1 Vision, Games Concept and Strategy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  58. ↑ "Sepulveda Pass Corridor". Archived from the original on August 6, 2014.
  59. ↑ "Facts at a Glance". Archived from the original on November 6, 2013.
  60. ↑ Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority: It Is Too Early to Predict Service Sector Success, but Opportunities for Improved Analysis and Communication Exist (PDF) (Report). California State Auditor. December 2003. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
  61. ↑ "Leadership". Archived from the original on August 19, 2016.
  62. ↑ "L.A. Olympic bid report forecasts $11-billion impact on local economy". Los Angeles Times. January 2017. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved January 9, 2017.
  63. ↑ Newsroom, UCLA. "UCLA selected as site of Olympic Village for 2024 bid". Archived from the original on August 14, 2016.
  64. ↑ Johnson, Ted (June 22, 2016). "Universal to Build New Soundstage Complex, Expand Theme Park in 5-Year Plan (EXCLUSIVE)". Archived from the original on August 27, 2016.
  65. ↑ "L.A. organizers propose linked, simultaneous Olympic ceremonies for Coliseum, Inglewood stadium". Los Angeles Times. January 16, 2017. Archived from the original on January 16, 2017.
  66. ↑ Kudler, Adrian Glick (January 25, 2016). "Los Angeles Abandons Plans to Rehabilitate Prime LA River Site For 2024 Olympics". Archived from the original on August 13, 2016.

Candidature documents

IOC Documents

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.