Lord Archibald Hamilton

Lord Archibald Hamilton
Lord Archibald Hamilton
	Lord Archibald Hamilton
Died	5 April 1754
Allegiance	Kingdom of Great Britain
Service/branch	Royal Navy
Rank	Captain
Commands held	HMS Sheerness; HMS Litchfield; HMS Berwick; HMS Expedition; HMS Torbay; HMS Boyne; HMS Eagle; HMS Royal Katherine; Greenwich Hospital
Battles/wars	War of the Spanish Succession
Spouse(s)	Anne Cary Lucas; Anne, Lady Hamilton; Lady Jane Hamilton
Children	Charles Hamilton; Elizabeth Greville, Countess of Warwick; Frederic Hamilton; Archibald Hamilton; William Hamilton; Jane Cathcart, Lady Cathcart

Lord Archibald Hamilton of Riccarton and Pardovan (bapt. 17 February 1673 – 5 April 1754) was a Scottish officer of the Royal Navy, and British politician. In the late 17th century, he was active in the English Channel pursuing French privateers, including the Tyger out of St Malo. He commanded the third-rate HMS Boyne at the Battle of Vigo Bay in October 1702 and then commanded the third-rate HMS Eagle at the Battle of Málaga in August 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession. He then joined the Board of Admiralty, ultimately serving as Senior Naval Lord.

Naval career

Born the youngest son of William Douglas-Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton and Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton, Hamilton studied at Glasgow University and was then sent to study under the Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, in London before taking a commission in the Royal Navy aboard the third-rate HMS Resolution.^[1] Promoted to post-captain on 11 September 1693, he was given command of the fifth-rate HMS Sheerness in 1694 and of the fourth-rate HMS Litchfield in 1697.^[2] In December 1695 he was active in the English Channel pursuing French privateers, including the Tyger out of St Malo, an encounter commemorated in a painting by Willem van de Velde the Younger.^[3]

Hamilton went on to take command of the third-rate HMS Berwick in 1698, of the third-rate HMS Expedition in 1699 and of the third-rate HMS Torbay in 1702.^[2] After that he became captain of the third-rate HMS Boyne in September 1702 and commanded her at the Battle of Vigo Bay in October 1702 during the War of the Spanish Succession.^[2] He took command of the third-rate HMS Eagle in 1704 and commanded her at the Battle of Málaga in August 1704.^[4] He became captain of the second-rate HMS Royal Katherine in 1706.^[2]

Political career

In 1708, Hamilton was elected as MP for Lanarkshire: he held the seat until 1710^[4] and then served as Governor of Jamaica from 1711.^[2] Hamilton played a controversial role in setting up some of the founders of the infamous Bahamanian pirate gang, including Henry Jennings, Francis Fernando, and Leigh Ashworth, for which he was arrested and brought back to England in 1716 by the Royal Navy.^[5] He was ultimately released and, later, was re-elected for Lanarkshire, then for Queenborough in 1735 and for Dartmouth in 1742.^[4]

Hamilton joined the Board of Admiralty under the Walpole–Townshend ministry in May 1729^[6] and was advanced to First Naval Lord in June 1733^[7] but, after he failed to support a bill for the Prince of Wales's allowance,^[4] he was forced to stand down in March 1738.^[6] He rejoined to Board, as Senior Naval Lord again,^[7] in March 1742 under the Carteret ministry and remained on the Board until the Broad Bottom ministry fell in February 1746.^[6] He then served as Governor of Greenwich Hospital from 1746 until his death.^[4] For much of his life, he lived at Park Place at Remenham in Berkshire.^[8]

Family

Hamilton's first wife was Anne Cary (a daughter of the 2nd Baron Lucas and mother of the 6th Viscount Falkland). She died in 1709 and Hamilton then married Anne, Lady Hamilton (widow of Sir Francis Hamilton, 3rd Baronet). His second wife died in 1719 and later that year, he married Lady Jane Hamilton (a daughter of the 6th Earl of Abercorn). Hamilton and his third wife later had six children:^[9]

Elizabeth Hamilton, later Countess of Warwick (1720–1800), and her brother William Hamilton (1730–1803) (William Hoare)

Charles (?–1751) Married Mary Dufresne.
Elizabeth (1720–1800), married Francis Greville, 1st Earl of Warwick (10 October 1719 6 July 1773)
Frederic (1728–1811), religious minister. Married 11 June 1757 Rachel Daniel.
Archibald (accidentally drowned, 1744)
William Hamilton (1730–1803), diplomat. Married 25 January 1758 Catherine Barlow (died 1783). Married 6 September 1795 Emma Hart (died 1815).
Jane (19 August 1726 – 13 November 1771), married 24 July 1753 Charles Schaw later Charles Cathcart, 9th Lord Cathcart.

References

↑ Marshall, pp. 145-146
1 2 3 4 5 "Lord Archibald Hamilton". Three Decks. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
↑ "Lord Archibald Hamilton in the Lichfield engaging the St. Malo Privateer Tyger, 11 December 1695". Sothebys. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
1 2 3 4 5 "Hamilton, Lord Archibald (1673-1754), of Motherwell, Lanark., and Riccarton and Pardovan, Linlithgow". History of Parliament. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
↑ Woodard, pp. 122–131, 142–43, 196
1 2 3 "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Retrieved 4 September 2009.
1 2 Rodger, p. 51-52
↑ "Park Place". Parks and Gardens. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
↑ Johnston, G. Harvey (1907). "The heraldry of the Douglases; with notes on all the males of the family, descriptions of the arms, plates and pedigrees". W. and A.K. Johnston.

Sources

Marshall, Rosalind K. (1973). The Days of Duchess Anne: Life in the Household of the Duchess of Hamilton 1656-1716. Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0002113380.
Rodger, N.A.M. (1979). The Admiralty. Offices of State. Lavenham: T. Dalton Ltd. ISBN 0900963948.
Woodard, Colin (2007). The Republic of Pirates. Harcourt, Inc. ISBN 978-0-15-603462-3.

External links

Hamilton biography at Republic of Pirates

Parliament of Great Britain
New constituency	Member of Parliament for Lanarkshire 1708 – 1710	Succeeded by Sir James Hamilton, Bt.
Preceded by James Lockhart	Member of Parliament for Lanarkshire 1718 – 1734	Succeeded by Lord William Hamilton
Preceded by Richard Evans Sir George Saunders	Member of Parliament for Queenborough 1735 – 1741 With: Richard Evans	Succeeded by Richard Evans Thomas Newnham
Preceded by George Treby Walter Carey	Member of Parliament for Dartmouth 1742 – 1747 With: Walter Carey	Succeeded by Walter Carey John Jeffreys
Government offices
Preceded by Thomas Handasyde	Governor of Jamaica 1711–1716	Succeeded by Peter Heywood
Military offices
Preceded by Sir Charles Wager	Senior Naval Lord 1733–1738	Succeeded by Lord Harry Powlett
Preceded by Lord Harry Powlett	Senior Naval Lord 1742–1746	Succeeded by Lord Vere Beauclerk
Preceded by Sir John Balchen	Governor, Greenwich Hospital 1746–1754	Succeeded by Isaac Townsend

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[1] Marshall, pp. 145-146

[decks-2] 1 2 3 4 5 "Lord Archibald Hamilton". Three Decks. Retrieved 3 August 2017.

[3] "Lord Archibald Hamilton in the Lichfield engaging the St. Malo Privateer Tyger, 11 December 1695". Sothebys. Retrieved 3 August 2017.

[hop-4] 1 2 3 4 5 "Hamilton, Lord Archibald (1673-1754), of Motherwell, Lanark., and Riccarton and Pardovan, Linlithgow". History of Parliament. Retrieved 3 August 2017.

[5] Woodard, pp. 122–131, 142–43, 196

[Sainty-18-31-6] 1 2 3 "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Retrieved 4 September 2009.

[rodger-7] 1 2 Rodger, p. 51-52

[8] "Park Place". Parks and Gardens. Retrieved 3 August 2017.

[9] Johnston, G. Harvey (1907). "The heraldry of the Douglases; with notes on all the males of the family, descriptions of the arms, plates and pedigrees". W. and A.K. Johnston.

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