Logorrhea (psychology)

In psychology, logorrhea or logorrhoea (from Ancient Greek λόγος logos "word" and ῥέω rheo "to flow") is a communication disorder that causes excessive wordiness and repetitiveness, which can sometimes lead to incoherency. Logorrhea is sometimes classified as a mental illness, though it is more commonly classified as a symptom of mental illness or brain injury.

Characteristics

Logorrhea is characterized by the constant need to talk.[1] Other related symptoms include the use of neologisms (new words without clear derivation), words that bear no apparent meaning, and, in some extreme cases, the creation of new words and morphosyntactic constructions.[2] Logorrhea should not be confused with pressure of speech, which is characterized by rapidity of speech and "flighty" alternation from topic to topic by tenuous links such as rhyming or punning,[3] which are not necessarily present in logorrhea.

Causes

Logorrhea has been shown to be associated with traumatic brain injuries in the frontal lobe[4] as well as with lesions in the thalamus[5][6] and the ascending reticular inhibitory system[7] and has been associated with aphasia.[8] Logorrhea can also result from a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders[7] including tachypsychia,[9] mania,[10] hyperactivity,[11] catatonia,[12] and schizophrenia.[13]

Treatment

Excessive talking may be a symptom of an underlying illness and should be addressed by a medical provider if combined with hyperactivity or symptoms of mental illness, such as hallucinations.[14] Treatment of logorrhea depends on its underlying disorder, if any. Antipsychotics are often used, and lithium is a common supplement given to manic patients.[15]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Logorrhea". CCM Health. Archived from the original on 2018-04-10. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  2. ↑ Nagels, Arne; Kircher, Tilo. "Symptoms and Neurobiological Models of Language in Schizophrenia". Science Direct. Archived from the original on 2018-05-09. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  3. ↑ "Glossary". Medical Student Teaching Resource. Newcastle University. Archived from the original on 2009-12-12.
  4. ↑ "Logorrhea Definition and Examples after Brain Injury". Brain Injury Help. Archived from the original on 2018-04-10. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  5. ↑ Bogousslavsky J, Ferrazzini M, Regli F, Assal G, Tanabe H, Delaloye-Bischof A (January 1988). "Manic delirium and frontal-like syndrome with paramedian infarction of the right thalamus". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 51 (1): 116–9. doi:10.1136/jnnp.51.1.116. PMC 1032723. PMID 3258356.
  6. ↑ Trillet M, Vighetto A, Croisile B, Charles N, Aimard G (1995). "[Hemiballismus with logorrhea and thymo-affective disinhibition caused by hematoma of the left subthalamic nucleus]". Rev. Neurol. (Paris) (in French). 151 (6–7): 416–9. PMID 7481408.
  7. 1 2 Arseni, C.; Dănăilă, L. (1977). "Logorrhea Syndrome with Hyperkinesia". European Neurology. 15 (4): 183–7. doi:10.1159/000114831. PMID 872837.
  8. ↑ Paquier PF, Van Dongen HR (June 1996). "Review of research on the clinical presentation of acquired childhood aphasia". Acta Neurol. Scand. 93 (6): 428–36. PMID 8836305.
  9. ↑ "Logorrhea". CCM Health. Archived from the original on 2018-04-10. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  10. ↑ "Clinical Management of Bipolar Disorder". Archived from the original on 2017-09-19. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  11. ↑ Caplan, Louis R. (2010). "Delirium: A Neurologist's View—The Neurology of Agitation andOveractivity" (PDF). Disease State Review. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-04-10.
  12. ↑ Ungvari, Gabor S.; White, White; Pang, Alfred H. T. (December 1995). "Psychopathology of catatonic speech disorders and the dilemma of catatonia: a selective review". The Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Psychiatry. 29: 653–660.
  13. ↑ Nagels, Arne; Kircher, Tilo (2016). "Symptoms and Neurobiological Models of Language in Schizophrenia". Science Direct. Archived from the original on 2018-05-09. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  14. ↑ "Excessive Talking Symptoms, Causes & Treatment Options". Buoy Health. Archived from the original on 2018-04-10. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  15. ↑ "Logorrhea". CCM Health. Archived from the original on 2018-04-10. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
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