List of wars involving South Africa

This is a list of wars involving South Africa, since the foundation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910.

Conflict	South Africa and allies	Opponents	Results	Prime Minister (1912–94) President (1994–)	Losses
World War I (1914–1918)	France United Kingdom Australia Canada New Zealand South Africa Russia Italy United States Serbia Japan Belgium Greece Romania Portugal Brazil Siam Hejaz	Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria South African Republic	Victory End of the German, Russian, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires Formation of new countries in Europe and the Middle East Establishment of the League of Nations	Louis Botha	9,726 dead^[1]
Russian Civil War^[2] (1918–1920)	White Movement Japan United States United Kingdom Canada Czechoslovakia Poland Greece France Romania Serbia Italy Australia South Africa	Russia	Defeat (limited involvement)^[2] Allied withdrawal from Russia Defeat of the White Movement	Louis Botha	Unknown
Rand Rebellion (1921–1922)	South Africa	CPSA	Government victory Rebellion suppressed	Jan Smuts	153 dead^[3] (both sides)
World War II (1939–1945)	Soviet Union United States United Kingdom Australia Canada New Zealand South Africa China France Poland Yugoslavia Greece Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Czechoslovakia Ethiopia Brazil Mexico Colombia Cuba Philippines Mongolia	Germany Japan Italy Romania Hungary Bulgaria Slovakia Croatia Thailand Iraq	Victory Collapse of the German Reich Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Cold War		6,840 dead 1,841 missing 14,589 prisoners
Greek Civil War (1944–1945)^[4]	Cairo Government United Kingdom South Africa	ELAS	Victory Treaty of Varkiza		None
Korean War (1950–1953)	South Korea United States United Kingdom Canada Turkey Australia Ethiopia Philippines New Zealand Thailand Greece France Colombia Belgium South Africa Netherlands Luxembourg	North Korea China	Stalemate The Korean Armistice Agreement Little territorial change at the 38th parallel border	D.F. Malan	34 dead^[5] 9 prisoners
Rhodesian Bush War (1965–1979)	Rhodesia South Africa	ZANU FRELIMO ZAPU ANC	Stalemate Lancaster House Agreement, internationally recognised independence for the Zimbabwe	B. J. Vorster	Unknown
Mozambican Civil War (1979–1985)^[6]	RENAMO Zimbabwe Rhodesia South Africa	FRELIMO ANC	Stalemate (limited involvement) Non-aggression pact (Nkomati Accord)	P. W. Botha	Unknown
South African Border War (1966–1989)^[7]	South Africa Portugal UNITA FNLA	SWAPO SWANU MPLA Cuba ANC Zambia	Stalemate Withdrawal of foreign forces from Angola Namibian independence from South African rule		7,038 dead^[8]
Natal Civil War (1987–1994)^[9]	IFP	ANC	Stalemate^[9] Violence subsided following 1994 elections		Unknown
Operation Boleas (1998)	South Africa Botswana	LDF rebels	Victory Suspected coup d'état in Lesotho quelled	Nelson Mandela	11 dead^[10]
Battle of Bangui (2013)	South Africa Central African Republic	Séléka	Defeat^[11] (but see footnote)^{[lower-alpha 1]}^[12] François Bozizé toppled	Jacob Zuma	15 dead^[13]
M23 Rebellion (2013)	DR Congo South Africa Tanzania Malawi	M23	Victory M23 rebels surrender, disarm and demobilize		None
ADF Insurgency (2014–)	DR Congo Uganda South Africa Tanzania Malawi	ADF	Ongoing UNF Intervention Brigade intervention from 2014		1 dead

Notes

↑ Stretching back to 2007, South African military assistance to the Central African Republic was in direct support of President François Bozizé, to a point where the SANDF provided the president with personal protection (Operation Morero). The SANDF also has a training mission in the Central African Republic (Operation Vimbezela). In January 2013, the SANDF deployed additional 200 troops. The purpose of this deployment is a matter of dispute; while some claim it was to oppose the Séléka that threatened Bozizé's rule, others claim it was solely to protect the training mission. This determines the outcome of the Battle of Bangui; if the aim of the deployment was restricted to the latter, the SANDF achieved its objective, whereas it failed if the objective was to keep Bozizé in power. Regardless of the outcome of the Battle of Bangui, the mission to the CAR as a whole resulted in failure.

References

↑ Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2013–2014 Archived 2015-11-04 at the Wayback Machine., page 48. Figures include identified burials and those commemorated by name on memorials.
1 2 Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, Vol 15, Nr 4, 1985, pp. 46-48. Accessed January 24, 2016.
↑ Bendix, S. (2001) Industrial Relations in South Africa. Claremont: Juta. p. 59
↑ See Air operations during the Greek Civil War#South African Air Force
↑ "Casualties of Korean War" (in Korean). Ministry of National Defense of Republic of Korea. Archived from the original on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 14 February 2007.
↑ South Africa agreed to withdraw its support for RENAMO in 1984. However, South Africa only withdrew from the Mozambican Civil War in 1985. For more information, see War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa, edited by Jacklyn Cock and Laurie Nathan, pp.104-115
↑ Note: South Africa was already involved in combating SWAPO insurgents in 1966, but intervention in Angola started in 1975 with Operation Savannah.
↑ "SA Roll of Honour: List of Wars". Justdone.co.za. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
1 2 Taylor, Rupert. "Justice denied: political violence in Kwazulu‐Natal after 1994." African Affairs 101, no. 405 (2002): 473-508.
↑ "'A fractious lot': Anatomy of (another) coup in Lesotho". Daily Maverick. 3 July 2015.
↑
References:
- McGregor, Andrew. "South African military disaster in the Central African Republic." Terrorism Monitor, April 4, 2013. "Zuma’s decision to send a force of 400 men to ostensibly guard a group of 25 military trainers who could have easily been otherwise withdrawn can only be interpreted as an effort to bolster the CAR regime".
- Wallerstein, Immanuel Maurice, Christopher K. Chase-Dunn, and Christian Suter. Overcoming Global Inequalities Paradigm Publishers, 1. jun. 2014, Chapter 6
- KAH, Henry Kam. "Central African Republic. Understanding the Séléka Insurrection of March 24 2013." Conflict Studies Quarterly Issue 5, University of Buea, Cameroon, October 2013: pp 47-66. "The presence of South African troops and those of member countries of the Central African union did not deter the Séléka from advancing towards Bangui. In fact, in an attempt to stop the group from advancing on to the capital, South African forces were killed in the process."
↑ Heitman, Helmoed Römer. "The Hard Lessons Learnt in CAR" IOL. March 24, 2015. Accessed February 27, 2016.
↑ "CAR battle claims another SANDF soldier". Enca. South Africa.

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[12] Stretching back to 2007, South African military assistance to the Central African Republic was in direct support of President François Bozizé, to a point where the SANDF provided the president with personal protection (Operation Morero). The SANDF also has a training mission in the Central African Republic (Operation Vimbezela). In January 2013, the SANDF deployed additional 200 troops. The purpose of this deployment is a matter of dispute; while some claim it was to oppose the Séléka that threatened Bozizé's rule, others claim it was solely to protect the training mission. This determines the outcome of the Battle of Bangui; if the aim of the deployment was restricted to the latter, the SANDF achieved its objective, whereas it failed if the objective was to keep Bozizé in power. Regardless of the outcome of the Battle of Bangui, the mission to the CAR as a whole resulted in failure.

[1] Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2013–2014 Archived 2015-11-04 at the Wayback Machine., page 48. Figures include identified burials and those commemorated by name on memorials.

[Russian_Civil_War-2] 1 2 Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, Vol 15, Nr 4, 1985, pp. 46-48. Accessed January 24, 2016.

[3] Bendix, S. (2001) Industrial Relations in South Africa. Claremont: Juta. p. 59

[4] See Air operations during the Greek Civil War#South African Air Force

[5] "Casualties of Korean War" (in Korean). Ministry of National Defense of Republic of Korea. Archived from the original on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 14 February 2007.

[Mozambique-6] South Africa agreed to withdraw its support for RENAMO in 1984. However, South Africa only withdrew from the Mozambican Civil War in 1985. For more information, see War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa, edited by Jacklyn Cock and Laurie Nathan, pp.104-115

[7] Note: South Africa was already involved in combating SWAPO insurgents in 1966, but intervention in Angola started in 1975 with Operation Savannah.

[8] "SA Roll of Honour: List of Wars". Justdone.co.za. Retrieved 15 January 2013.

[Rupert-9] 1 2 Taylor, Rupert. "Justice denied: political violence in Kwazulu‐Natal after 1994." African Affairs 101, no. 405 (2002): 473-508.

[10] "'A fractious lot': Anatomy of (another) coup in Lesotho". Daily Maverick. 3 July 2015.

[11] References:
McGregor, Andrew. "South African military disaster in the Central African Republic." Terrorism Monitor, April 4, 2013. "Zuma’s decision to send a force of 400 men to ostensibly guard a group of 25 military trainers who could have easily been otherwise withdrawn can only be interpreted as an effort to bolster the CAR regime".

Wallerstein, Immanuel Maurice, Christopher K. Chase-Dunn, and Christian Suter. Overcoming Global Inequalities Paradigm Publishers, 1. jun. 2014, Chapter 6

KAH, Henry Kam. "Central African Republic. Understanding the Séléka Insurrection of March 24 2013." Conflict Studies Quarterly Issue 5, University of Buea, Cameroon, October 2013: pp 47-66. "The presence of South African troops and those of member countries of the Central African union did not deter the Séléka from advancing towards Bangui. In fact, in an attempt to stop the group from advancing on to the capital, South African forces were killed in the process."

[mwAs0] McGregor, Andrew. "South African military disaster in the Central African Republic." Terrorism Monitor, April 4, 2013. "Zuma’s decision to send a force of 400 men to ostensibly guard a group of 25 military trainers who could have easily been otherwise withdrawn can only be interpreted as an effort to bolster the CAR regime".

[mwAtA] Wallerstein, Immanuel Maurice, Christopher K. Chase-Dunn, and Christian Suter. Overcoming Global Inequalities Paradigm Publishers, 1. jun. 2014, Chapter 6

[mwAtI] KAH, Henry Kam. "Central African Republic. Understanding the Séléka Insurrection of March 24 2013." Conflict Studies Quarterly Issue 5, University of Buea, Cameroon, October 2013: pp 47-66. "The presence of South African troops and those of member countries of the Central African union did not deter the Séléka from advancing towards Bangui. In fact, in an attempt to stop the group from advancing on to the capital, South African forces were killed in the process."

[13] Heitman, Helmoed Römer. "The Hard Lessons Learnt in CAR" IOL. March 24, 2015. Accessed February 27, 2016.

[14] "CAR battle claims another SANDF soldier". Enca. South Africa.

Lists of wars involving African countries
Sovereign states	Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde (Cabo Verde) Central African Republic Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa South Sudan Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe
States with limited recognition	Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Somaliland
Dependencies and other territories	Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain) Madeira (Portugal) Mayotte / Réunion (France) Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)

List of wars involving South Africa

See also

Notes

References