List of assassinated human rights activists

This is a list of murdered political dissidents and human rights activists.The list is chronological.

Intended Victims Year Date Title at the Time Place Country Assassin(s)
Elijah Parish Lovejoy1837November 7 American journalist, newspaper editor and abolitionist. Alton, Illinois  United States mob
Abraham Lincoln1865April 15 President of the United States Washington, D.C.  United States John Wilkes Booth
Francisco I. Madero191322 February President of Mexico Mexico City  Mexico Victoriano Huerta
Song Jiaoren191322 March Chinese republican leader of Kuomintang Shanghai  China Wu Shiying
Jean Jaurès191431 July French Marxist anti-war activist Paris  France Raoul Villain
John Chilembwe1915February 3 Malawian philosopher and educator Shire Highlands  Nyasaland British colonial officers
Leo Jogiches191910 March German Marxist revolutionary Berlin  Germany Freikorps
Karl Liebknecht191915 January German Revolutionary Berlin  Germany Freikorps
Rosa Luxemburg191915 January Polish-German Revolutionary Berlin  Germany Freikorps
Charlemagne Péralte19191 November Haitian nationalist leader Port-au-Prince  Haiti U.S. Marines
Emiliano Zapata191910 April Mexican peasant leader Chinameca  Mexico Jesús Guajardo
Mustafa Suphi192128 January Turkish communist leader. Black Sea  Turkey Turkish agents
Michael Collins192222 August Irish independence leader Béal na Bláth  Ireland Irish Civil War.
Giacomo Matteotti192410 June 1924 Italian anti-fascist Rome  Italy Blackshirts
Avni Rustemi192422 April Albanian teacher, activist Tirana  Albania Jusuf Reçi
Takiji Kobayashi1933February 20 Japanese author Tokyo  Japan police
Augusto César Sandino193421 February 1 Nicaraguan revolutionary Managua  Nicaragua United States Marine Corps
Antonio Guiteras19358 May Cuban politician Matanzas  Cuba Cuban government
Walter W. Liggett1935December 9 American journalist Minneapolis, Minnesota  United States Blumenfeld
Abdul Rahman Shahbandar1940June Syrian nationalist Damascus Syria National Bloc members
Leon Trotsky194021 August Soviet dissident Coyoacán, Mexico City  Mexico Ramón Mercader
Marx Dormoy194126 July French socialist politician Montélimar  France Comité secret d'action révolutionnaire
Carlo Tresca1943January 11 American newspaper editor New York City  United States NKVD
Mahatma Gandhi194830 January Indian independence movement leader New Delhi  India Nathuram Godse
Jorge Eliécer Gaitán1948April 9 Mayors of Bogotá Bogotá  Colombia El Bogotazo
Julien Lahaut195018 August Belgian Republican politician . Seraing  Belgium François Goossens
Leonardo Ruiz Pineda195221 October Venezuelan lawyer Caracas  Venezuela police
Albert Patterson1954June 18 American attorney Phenix City, Alabama  United States Sheriff Albert Fuller
Ali Boumendjel1957March 23 Algerian militant and lawyer. El Biar France French Algeria Paul Aussaresses
Maurice Audin195711 June Algerian student Algiers France French Algeria André Charbonnier
Ruben Um Nyobé195813 September Cameroonian anti-colonialist Boumnyébel  Cameroon French army
Inejiro Asanuma196012 October Japanese socialist politician Tokyo  Japan Otoya Yamaguchi
Salah Ben Youssef196112 August Tunisian lawyer and politician Frankfurt  West Germany Tunisian agents
Mouloud Feraoun196215 March Algerian journalist, translator Algiers  Algeria OAS
Grigoris Lambrakis196327 May Greek anti-war activist Thessaloniki  Greece Emannouel Emannouilides and Spyros Gotzamanis
Medgar Evers1963June 12 American civil rights activist Jackson, Mississippi  United States Byron De La Beckwith
James Chaney1964June 21 American civil rights Mississippi  United States Ku Klux Klan
Andrew Goodman1964June 21 American civil rights activist Mississippi  United States Ku Klux Klan
Michael Schwerner1964June 21 American civil rights activist Philadelphia, Mississippi  United States Ku Klux Klan.
Mehdi Ben Barka196529 October Moroccan revolutionary fighter and politician. Paris  France French intelligence agents
Malcolm X1965February 21, American human rights activist New York City  United States members of the Nation of Islam
Pio Gama Pinto1965February 24 Kenyan journalist Nairobi  Kenya police
Humberto Delgado196513 February Portuguese anti-fascists Olivenza  Spain PIDE
Viola Liuzzo1965March 25 American civil rights activist Selma, Alabama  United States Ku Klux Klan
Jonathan Daniels1965August 20 American civil rights activist. Hayneville, Alabama  United States Tom Coleman
Osende Afana196615 March Cameroonian economist Ndélélé,  Cameroon Cameroonian Armed Forces
Chit Phumisak19665 May Thai Marxist historians Waritchaphum  Thailand local villagers
Robert W. Spike1966October 17 American civil rights Columbus, Ohio  United States unknown
Benno Ohnesorg1967June 2 German anti-war activist West Berlin  West Germany Karl-Heinz Kurras
Martin Luther King, Jr.1968April 4 American civil rights activist Memphis, Tennessee  United States James Earl Ray
Robert F. Kennedy1968June 6 U.S. presidential canditate Los Angeles, California  United States Sirhan Bishara Sirhan
Fred Hampton1969December 4 American civil rights activist Chicago, Illinois  United States members of the Chicago Police Department
Krim Belkacem1970October 18 Algerian revolutionary fighter and politician. Frankfurt  West Germany unknown
Dhirendranath Datta197129 March East Pakistani lawyer Moynamoti Pakistan

East Pakistan

 Pakistani Army
Maximiliano Gómez1971May 23 Dominican Republic politician  Dominican Republic orders of Joaquin Balaguer
Ghassan Kanafani19728 July Palestinian writer Beirut  Lebanon Mossad
Outel Bono197326 August Chadian medical doctor and politician. Paris  France French secret service and Chadian Government
Amílcar Cabral197320 January Guinea-Bissauan and Cape Verdean intellectual, poet, theoretician, revolutionary Conakry  Guinea Portuguese intelligence agents
Víctor Jara197316 September Chilean teacher, theater director Santiago  Chile Pedro Barrientos
Silvio Frondizi1974September 27 Argentine intellectual and lawyer Buenos Aires  Argentina Argentine Anticommunist Alliance
Carlos Mugica1974May 11 Argentine Roman Catholic priest and activist. Villa Luro  Argentina Rodolfo Almirón
José Tohá1974March 15 Chilean journalist Santiago  Chile military
Omar Benjelloun197518 December Moroccan journalist and trade union activist. Casablanca  Morocco Chabiba islamia
Herbert Chitepo197518 March Rhodesian ZANU-activist Lusaka  Zambia Rhodesian Security Forces.
Josiah Mwangi Kariuki19752 March Kenyan socialist politician Nairobi  Kenya Kenyan police
Roque Dalton1975May 10 Salvadoran poet, essayist, journalist, political activist, and intellectual. San Salvador  El Salvador People's Revolutionary Army
Boonsanong Punyodyana197628 February Thai socialist politician Bangkok  Thailand unknown
Enrique Angelelli19764 August Bishop of La Rioja Sañogasta  Argentina Argentinian military
Orlando Letelier1976September 21 Chilean economist, ex-ambassador Washington, DC  United States Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional
Stephen Biko197712 September South African anti-apartheid activist Pretoria  South Africa South African Police Forces
Janani Luwum197717 February Ugandan archbishop Kampala  Uganda Idi Amin regime
Rutilio Grande1977March 12 Salvadoran priest Aguilares  El Salvador mob
Mir Akbar Khyber1978April 17 Afghan intellectual, editor Kabul  Afghanistan Hekmatyar's Hezbi Islami
Henri Curiel1978May 4 Egyptian left-wing political activist Paris  France OAS and Charles Martel Group
Georgi Markov197811 September Bulgarian dissident London  United Kingdom Bulgarian secret service
Harvey Milk1978November 27 American LGBT human rights activists San Francisco, California  United States Dan White
George R. Moscone1978November 27 Mayor of San Francisco San Francisco, California  United States Dan White
José Miguel Beñaran Ordeñana197821 December Spanish Basque activists Anglet  France car bomb
Allard K. Lowenstein1980March 14 American civil rights activist New York City  United States Dennis Sweeney.
Óscar Romero198024 March Archbishop of San Salvador San Salvador  El Salvador mob
Walter Rodney198013 June Guyanese historian, political activist and scholar Georgetown  Guyana unknown
Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz1980July 17 Bolivian writer, dramatist, journalist, La Paz  Bolivia Luis Garcia Meza
Enrique Álvarez Córdova1980November 27 Salvadoran politicians San Salvador  El Salvador Brígada Anticomunista Maximiliano Hernández Martínez
John Lennon19808 December American anti-war activist and ex-Beatles New York City  United States Mark David Chapman
Pierre Declercq198119 September French New Caledonian politician Nouméa  New Caledonia unknown
Attati Mpakati198324 March Malawian dissident Harare  Zimbabwe Malawian agents
Benigno Aquino, Jr.198321 August Filipino opposition leader Manila  Philippines Filippino agents
Alan Berg1984January 1 American attorney and talk radio show host Denver, Colorado  United States Silent Brotherhood
Henry Liu198415 October Taiwanese writer and journalist Daly City, California  United States Bamboo Union
Jerzy Popiełuszko198419 October Polish Roman Catholic priest Włocławek  Poland Polish Security Service
Gérard Hoarau198529 November Seychellois politicians London  United Kingdom France-Albert René regime
Shahnawaz Bhutto198518 July Pakistani democracy activist Nice  France Zia ul-Haq regime
Murtaza Bhutto 1985 20 September Pakistani democracy activist Karachi  Pakistan police
Éloi Machoro198512 January New Caledonian Kanak politician Canala  New Caledonia French gendarme
Hugo Spadafora1985September 13 Panamanian activist La Concepción  Panama Panamanian government
Olof Palme198628 February Prime Minister of Sweden Stockholm  Sweden unknown
Jaime Pardo Leal1987October 11 Colombian lawyer, union leader, La Mesa  Colombia Colombian mafia
Dulcie September198829 March South African anti-apartheid political activist Paris  France South African agents
Chico Mendes1988December 22 Brazilian trade unionist and environmentalist Xapuri  Brazil Darci and Darly Alves da Silva, Jerdeir Pereira,
David Webster19891 May South African anthropologist Troyeville  South Africa South African Civil Cooperation Bureau
Jean-Marie Tjibaou1989May 4 New Caledonian Kanak politician Ouvéa  New Caledonia Djubelly Wéa
Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou198913 July Head of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan Vienna  Austria Iranian agents
Luis Carlos Galán198918 August Colombian journalist Bogotá  Colombia Colombian mafia
Anton Lubowski198912 September Namibian anti-apartheid activist Windhoek  Namibia South African Civil Cooperation Bureau
Segundo Montes1989November 16 Salvadoran priest San Salvador  El Salvador Salvadoran army
Ignacio Ellacuría1989November 16 Salvadoran philosopher, and theologian San Salvador  El Salvador Salvadoran army
Farag Foda19929 June Egyptian professor Heliopolis  Egypt Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya
Marsha P. Johnson 1992 July 4 Gay liberation and AIDS activist New York City  United States Unknown (described by witnesses as a "group of thugs")
Tavio Amorin199229 July 1992 Togolese politician Lomé  Togo police
Tahar Djaout1993May 26 Algerian journalist, poet Algiers  Algeria Armed Islamic Group
Chris Hani199310 April South African Anti-apartheid activists Boksburg  South Africa Janusz Waluś
Melchior Ndadaye199321 October Burundian intellectual and politician. Bujumbura  Burundi Burundi Army
Jorge Carpio Nicolle1993July 3 Guatemalan newspaper publisher. Chichicastenango  Guatemala mob
Cheb Hasni199429 September Algerian musician Oran  Algeria Armed Islamic Group
Johan Heyns19945 November South African Anti-apartheid activists Pretoria  South Africa White South African extremists
Iqbal Masih199516 April Pakistani child activists Muridke  Pakistan unknown
Jaswant Singh Khalra 1995 6 September Indian human rights activist Jhabal  India Kanwar Pal Singh Gill
Kudirat Abiola19969 June spouse of Nigerian presidential canditate Moshood Abiola Lagos  Nigeria six team of men
Abdelhak Benhamouda1997January 28 Algerian trade unionist Algiers  Algeria unknown
Lounès Matoub199825 June Algerian musician Beni Aïssi  Algeria police
Azem Hajdari1998September 12 Albanian anti-communists Tirana  Albania Fatmir Haklaj, Jaho Mulosmani, and Naim Cangu
Sanjaasürengiyn Zorig19982 October Mongolian activists Ulaanbaatar  Mongolia unknown
Galina Starovoytova1998November 20 Russian dissidents St Petersburg  Russia Russian state security service
Norbert Zongo199813 December Burkinabé publisher Sapouy  Burkina Faso Burkinabé agents
Bishop Juan José Gerardi199826 April Guatemalan Roman Catholic bishop San Sebastian Church  Guatemala Guatemalan military personnels
Larisa Yudina19988 June Russian journalist Elista  Russia unknown
Jaime Hurtado199917 February Ecuadorian politician Quito  Ecuador Christian Steven Ponce
Jean Dominique2000April 3 Haitian journalist Port-au-Prince  Haiti unknown
Carlos Cardoso200022 November Mozambican journalist Maputo  Mozambique Nyimpine Chissano and Aníbal dos Santos
Filemon Lagman2001February 6 Filipino workers' leader Quezon City  Philippines unknown
Phoolan Devi200125 July Indian activist New Delhi  India Sher Singh Rana
Jarallah Omar200228 December Yemeni politician, intellectual Sana'a  Yemen Ali Ahmad al-Jarallah
Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev2004February 13 Chechen exiled separatist writer Doha  Qatar FSB agents
Munir Said Thalib2004September 7 Indonesian human rights activist Schiphol  Netherlands Pollycarpus Budihari Priyanto
Deyda Hydara200416 December Gambian newspaper reporter Banjul  Gambia Yahya Jammeh regime
Elmar Hüseynov20052 March Azerbaijani journalist Baku  Azerbaijan Azerbaijani regime
Dorothy Stang2005March 15 Brazilian-American missionary Anapu  Brazil Clodoaldo Carlos Batista and Raifran das Neves Sales
Filiberto Ojeda Ríos2005September 23 Puerto Rican independence activist Hormigueros  Puerto Rico FBI
Anna Politkovskaya20067 October Russian Journalist Moscow  Russia three Chechen men
Aleksandr Litvinenko200623 November Russian dissident London  United Kingdom FSB agens
Hrant Dink200719 January Turkish-Armenian editor, journalist and columnist Istanbul  Turkey Ogün Samast
Gabriel Mkhumane20081 April Swazi opposition leader. Nelspruit  South Africa Swaziland government agents
Tonderai Ndira 2008 13 -22 May Zimbabwean political dissident Harare  Zimbabwe Zimbabwean agents
Sakine Cansız20139 January Turkish Kurdish women's rights activists Paris  France Turkish agents
Chokri Belaïd20136 February Tunisian lawyer El Menzah  Tunisia Kamel Gaghgadhi
Avijit Roy201526 February Bangladeshi online activist Dhaka  Bangladesh Ansarullah Bangla Team
Boris Nemtsov201527 February Russian political activists Moscow  Russia two Chechen men
Berta Cáceres20163 March Honduran environmental activist, indigenous leader La Esperanza  Honduras employees of DESA
Xulhaz Mannan201625 April Bangladeshi LGBT rights activist Dhaka  Bangladesh Ansar-al-Islam, an Al-Qaida affiliate
Marielle Franco2018March 14 Brazilian politician, feminist, and human rights activist Rio de Janeiro  Brazil the Brazilian Government, allegedly
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