List of members of the International Ice Hockey Federation
The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the worldwide governing body for ice hockey and inline hockey. It is based in Zurich, Switzerland, and maintains the international ice hockey rulebook, processes international player transfers, dictates officiating guidelines and is responsible for the management of international ice hockey tournaments. The IIHF was created on May 15, 1908, under the name (in French) Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace (LIHG).[1] Belgium, France, Great Britain, Switzerland, and Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) were the founding members. The IIHF was composed entirely of European teams until 1920, when Canada and the United States joined.
Under the IIHF, there are three levels for member organizations. The highest level, and the only one in which members can vote at the IIHF Congresses, is the IIHF Full Members. These nations have their own independent hockey association, and regularly participate in the various IIHF-sanctioned World Championships. IIHF Associate Members is the second level. These nations either do not have their own independent hockey association or have one, but have limited participation in the World Championships. The third level, IIHF Affiliate Members, is for nations that only participate in the Inline Hockey World Championships.[2]
As of 2018, there are 76 members: 56 full members, 19 associate members and one affiliate member. Indonesia, Nepal, and the Philippines are the newest members, all of whom joined on May 20, 2016. In 2018, 50 participated in the Men's World Championships and 37 participated in the Women's World Championships (the Top Division was not played due to the 2018 Winter Olympics).
Members
IIHF World Ranking information is accurate as of May 21, 2018. | |
In the Teams column | |
---|---|
Text in boldface indicates that the team participated in its corresponding event in 2018. | |
M | Men's Ice Hockey World Championships |
M-U20 | World Junior Championships |
M-U18 | World Under-18 Championships |
W | World Women's Championships |
W-U18 | World Women's Under-18 Championships |
Inline | Inline Hockey World Championships |
IIHF Full Members
Nation | Date joined | Organization | President | Teams | Men's Ranking |
Women's Ranking |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
February 11, 1938 | Ice Hockey Australia | Clive Connelly | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 36 | 30 | [3] | |
March 18, 1912 | Austrian Ice Hockey Association | Gernot Mittendorfer | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 17 | 11 | [4] | |
May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Federation of the Republic of Azerbaijan | Vagif D. Mussayev | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [5] | |
May 6, 1992 | Belarus Ice Hockey Federation | Gennadi Savilov | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 14 | — | [6] | |
December 8, 1908 | Royal Belgian Ice Hockey Federation | Pascal Nuchelmans | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 37 | 38 | [7] | |
May 8, 2001 | Bosnia and Herzegovina Ice Hockey Federation | Senad Zaimović | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 48 | — | [8] | |
July 25, 1960 | Bulgarian Ice Hockey Federation | Martin Milanov | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 38 | 35 | [9] | |
April 26, 1920 | Hockey Canada | Scott Smith | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 1 | 2 | [10] | |
July 25, 1963 | Chinese Ice Hockey Association | Cao Weidong | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 33 | 20 | [11] | |
September 1, 1983 | Chinese Taipei Ice Hockey Federation | Hsie Chun-huang | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 46 | 37 | [12] | |
May 6, 1992 | Croatian Ice Hockey Federation | Nikola Švigir | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 27 | 36 | [13] | |
November 15, 1908[B] | Czech Ice Hockey Association | Tomáš Král | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 6 | 9 | [14] | |
April 27, 1946 | Danish Ice Hockey Union | Henrik Bach Nielsen | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 12 | 12 | [15] | |
February 17, 1935[D] | Estonian Ice Hockey Association | Rauno Parras | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 26 | — | [16] | |
February 10, 1928 | Finnish Ice Hockey Association | Harri Nummela | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 5 | 3 | [17] | |
October 20, 1908 | French Ice Hockey Federation | Luc Tardif | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 13 | 10 | [18] | |
May 8, 2009 | Georgian Ice Hockey National Federation | Ilia Davidov | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 40 | — | [19] | |
September 19, 1909 | German Ice Hockey Federation | Franz Reindl | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 8 | 8 | [20] | |
November 19, 1908 | Ice Hockey UK | Richard Grieveson (chairman) | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 22 | 23 | [21] | |
April 30, 1983 | Hong Kong Ice Hockey Association | Yeung Kit Kan | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 45 | 29 | [22] | |
January 24, 1927 | Hungarian Ice Hockey Federation | György Such | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 20 | 14 | [23] | |
May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Iceland | Árni Geir Jónsson | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 32 | 32 | [24] | |
April 27, 1989 | Ice Hockey Association of India | Harjinder Singh | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [25] | |
September 26, 1996 | Irish Ice Hockey Association | Aaron Guli | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [26] | |
May 1, 1991 | Ice Hockey Federation of Israel | Evgeni Gusin | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 34 | — | [27] | |
January 24, 1924 | Italian Ice Sports Federation | Andrea Gios | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 19 | 17 | [28] | |
January 26, 1930 | Japan Ice Hockey Federation | Akihisa Mizuno | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 23 | 7 | [29] | |
May 6, 1992 | Kazakhstan Ice Hockey Federation | Askar Mamin | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 18 | 19 | [30] | |
August 8, 1963 | Ice Hockey Association of the DPR Korea | Kim Kyong-jun | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 41 | 28 | [31] | |
July 25, 1960 | Korea Ice Hockey Association | Chung Mong-won | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 16 | 16 | [32] | |
May 8, 2009 | Kuwait Ice Hockey Association | Faheed Hamas Al-Ajmi | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 50 | — | [33] | |
February 22, 1931[D] | Latvian Ice Hockey Federation | Aigars Kalvītis | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 11 | 18 | [34] | |
February 19, 1938[D] | Hockey Lietuva | Dainius Zubrus | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 25 | — | [35] | |
March 23, 1912 | Luxembourg Ice Hockey Federation | René Ludovicy | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 42 | — | [36] | |
April 30, 1985 | Mexico Ice Hockey Federation | Joaquín de la Garma | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 35 | 26 | [37] | |
May 15, 1999 | Mongolian Ice Hockey Federation | Dorj Davaasambuu | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [38] | |
January 20, 1935 | Netherlands Ice Hockey Association | Ruud Vreeman | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 28 | 21 | [39] | |
May 2, 1977 | New Zealand Ice Hockey Federation | Andy Mills | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 39 | 31 | [40] | |
January 20, 1935 | Norwegian Ice Hockey Association | Tage Pettersen | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 9 | 13 | [41] | |
January 11, 1926 | Polish Ice Hockey Federation | Piotr Demiańczuk | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 21 | 22 | [42] | |
May 18, 2012 | Qatar Winter Sports Committee | Rashed Majed Al-Sulaiti | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [43] | |
January 24, 1924 | Romanian Ice Hockey Federation | Alexandru Hălăucă | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 29 | 33 | [44] | |
April 1, 1952[F] | Ice Hockey Federation of Russia | Vladislav Tretiak | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 3 | 4 | [45] | |
January 1, 1939[G] | Serbian Ice Hockey Association | Marko Milovanović | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 30 | — | [46] | |
February 2, 1993 | Slovak Ice Hockey Federation | Martin Kohút | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 10 | 15 | [47] | |
May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Federation of Slovenia | Matjaž Rakovec | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 15 | 24 | [48] | |
February 25, 1937 | South African Ice Hockey Federation | Hannes Botha | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 44 | 34 | [49] | |
March 10, 1923 | Spanish Ice Sports Federation | Frank González | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 31 | 25 | [50] | |
March 23, 1912 | Swedish Ice Hockey Association | Anders Larsson | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 2 | 6 | [51] | |
November 23, 1908 | Swiss Ice Hockey Federation | Michael Rindlisbacher | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 7 | 5 | [52] | |
April 27, 1989 | Ice Hockey Association of Thailand | M. L. Krisada Kasemsunt | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [53] | |
May 1, 1991 | Turkish Ice Hockey Federation | Halit Albayrak | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 43 | 27 | [54] | |
May 15, 2015 | Ice Hockey Federation of Turkmenistan | Jora Hudayberdiyev | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 49 | — | [55] | |
May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Federation of Ukraine | Anatoliy Brezvin | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 24 | — | [56] | |
May 10, 2001 | UAE Ice Sports Federation | Ahmed Mubarak Al-Mazrouei | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 47 | — | [57] | |
April 26, 1920 | USA Hockey | Jim Smith | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 4 | 1 | [58] |
^ A. Austria was expelled from the IIHF in 1920, then re-admitted on January 24, 1924. It was again expelled in 1939 and re-admitted on April 27, 1946.[59]
^ B. The IIHF recognizes Bohemia, which joined in 1908, and Czechoslovakia as the predecessors to the Czech Republic, which officially became a member in 1993.
^ C. Germany was expelled in 1920, then re-admitted on January 11, 1926. It was again expelled on April 27, 1946. West Germany and East Germany were admitted into the IIHF in 1951 and 1954, respectively. Following their reunification, Germany was re-admitted into the IIHF on October 3, 1990.[60]
^ D. In 1940, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were annexed by the Soviet Union. Their membership expired on April 27, 1946. The three nations were re-admitted into the IIHF on May 6, 1992.[61][62][63]
^ E. Japan was expelled from the IIHF on April 27, 1946, then re-admitted on March 10, 1951.[64]
^ F. The IIHF recognizes the Soviet Union, which joined in 1952, as the predecessor to Russia, which officially became a member in 1992.
^ G. The IIHF recognizes Yugoslavia, which joined in 1939, as the predecessor to Serbia, which officially became a member on September 28, 2006.
^ H. Armenia was suspended by the IIHF in April 2010, for use of ineligible players on their national team that participated in the 2010 IIHF World Championship Division III Group B in Yerevan, Armenia.[65]
IIHF Associate Members
Nation | Date joined | Organization | President | Teams | Men's Ranking |
Women's Ranking |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 4, 1995 | Andorran Federation of Ice Sports | Josep Garcia | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [66] | |
May 31, 1998 | Argentine Association of Ice and In-Line Hockey | Hector Iannicelli | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [67] | |
September 22, 1999 | Ice Hockey Federation of Armenia | Samvel Zakharyan | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [68] | |
June 26, 1984 | Brazilian Ice Sports Federation | Matheus Figueiredo | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [69] | |
April 29, 1987 | Hellenic Ice Sports Federation | Georgios Markouizos | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [70] | |
May 20, 2016 | Indonesia Ice Hockey Federation | vacant | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [71] | |
May 18, 2012 | Jamaican Olympic Ice Hockey Federation | Edmond J. Phillipps Jr. | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [72] | |
May 14, 2011 | Ice Hockey Federation of the Kyrgyz Republic | Anvar Omorkanov | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [73] | |
October 4, 2001 | Liechtenstein Ice Hockey Federation | Martin Rüdisühli | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [74] | |
May 12, 2005 | Macau Ice Sports Federation | Andrew Chan Chak Mo | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [75] | |
October 4, 2001 | Macedonian Ice Hockey Federation | Nikola Tasev | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [76] | |
September 28, 2006 | Malaysia Ice Hockey Federation | Dato Lee Hwa Beng | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [77] | |
May 21, 2008 | National Ice Hockey Federation of the Republic of Moldova | Iurii Topală | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [78] | |
May 22, 2010 | Royal Moroccan Ice Hockey Federation | Khalid Mrini | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [79] | |
May 20, 2016 | Nepal Ice Hockey Association | Bhuwan Pathak | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [80] | |
May 24, 2014 | Oman Ice Sports Committee | Said Ali Hassan Al-Zaabi | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [81] | |
May 20, 2016 | Federation of Ice Hockey League | Christopher G. Sy | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [82] | |
May 13, 1999 | Winter Sports Federation of Portugal | Pedro Miguel dos Santos Farromba | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [83] | |
May 2, 1996 | Singapore Ice Hockey Association | Alphonsus Joseph | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [84] |
IIHF Affiliate Members
Nation | Date joined | Organization | President | Teams | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
September 22, 1999 | Chilean Ice and Inline Hockey Federation | Monica Arias | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | [85] |
Former IIHF Members
Nation | Date joined IIHF | Date left IIHF | Organization | Reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
November 15, 1908[86] | 1920[87] | Bohemian Hockey Union | Membership rights transferred to the newly established Czechoslovakia. | |
1920[87] | December 31, 1992[88] | Czechoslovak Hockey Union | Membership rights transferred to the Czech Republic. | |
June 9, 1954[60] | October 3, 1990[60] | German Ice Skating Federation of the GDR | Reunification of East and West Germany. | |
March 10, 1951[60] | October 3, 1990[60] | German Ice Hockey Federation | Reunification of East and West Germany, membership rights transferred to Germany. | |
May 31, 1998 | May 19, 2017[89] | Namibia Ice and InLine Hockey Association | Unknown | |
April 1, 1952 | May 6, 1992[90] | Soviet Union Ice Hockey Federation | Membership rights transferred to Russia. | |
January 1, 1939 | December 31, 1992[88] | Ice Hockey Federation of Yugoslavia | Membership rights transferred to Serbia after split of Yugoslavia. |
Notes
- ↑ "It all started in Paris, 1908". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ↑ "Members". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Australia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Austria". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Azerbaijan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Belarus". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Belgium". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Bosnia & Herzegovina". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Bulgaria". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Canada". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "China". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Chinese Taipei". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Croatia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Czech Republic". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Denmark". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Estonia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Finland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "France". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Georgia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Germany". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Great Britain". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Hong Kong". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Hungary". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Iceland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "India". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Ireland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Israel". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Italy". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Japan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Kazakhstan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "DPR Korea". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Korea". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Kuwait". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Latvia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Lithuania". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Luxembourg". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Mexico". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Mongolia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Netherlands". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "New Zealand". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Norway". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Poland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Qatar". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Romania". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Russia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Serbia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Slovakia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Slovenia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "South Africa". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Spain". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Sweden". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Switzerland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Thailand". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Turkey". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Turkmenistan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Ukraine". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "United Arab Emirates". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "United States". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, pp. 53–54
- 1 2 3 4 5 Podnieks 2010, pp. 67–69
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, p. 70
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, p. 89
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, p. 94
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, pp. 92–93
- ↑ "Welcome Morocco". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2010-05-22.
- ↑ "Andorra". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Argentina". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Armenia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Brazil". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Greece". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Indonesia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Jamaica". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Kyrgyzstan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Liechtenstein". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Macau". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "FYR Macedonia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Malaysia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Moldova". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Morocco". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Nepal". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Oman". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Philippines". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Portugal". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Singapore". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Chile". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "1908-1913". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- 1 2 "1914-1933". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- 1 2 "1990-today". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- ↑ "Namibia is not listed as a IIHF member any more?". Twitter. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
- ↑ Szemberg, Szymon; Podnieks, Andrew (2008). "Story #42: Breakup of old Europe creates a new hockey world". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
References
- Podnieks, Andrew, ed. (2010). IIHF Media Guide & Record Book 2011. Nordmark, Birger (contributing editor). Toronto: Moydart Press. ISBN 978-0-9867964-0-1.
External links
- Official website of the International Ice Hockey Federation