List of books about Prime Ministers of Canada

Busts of Prime Ministers of Canada, displayed at the Provincial Museum (predecessor to the Royal Ontario Museum) at the Toronto Normal School. Photograph appeared in the Toronto World illustrated section, February 19, 1911

The following is a list of books written by many authors about the Prime Ministers of Canada

Overview

  • Coucill, Irma (2005). Canada's Prime Ministers, Governors General and Fathers of Confederation. Pembroke Publishers. ISBN 1-55138-185-0.
  • Lotz, Jim (1986), Prime Ministers of Canada, Bison Books, ISBN 0-86124-377-3
  • Bruce Hutchison; Mr. Prime Minister 1867–1964, Toronto 1964, Longmans Canada.
  • Gordon Donaldson (journalist); The Prime Ministers of Canada, 1993.
  • Michael Bliss: Right Honourable Men: The Descent of Canadian Politics from Macdonald to Mulroney, 1994.
  • George Bowering: Egotists and Autocrats: The Prime Ministers of Canada, 1999.
  • Will Ferguson; Bastards & Boneheads: Canada's Glorious Leaders Past and Present, 1999.
  • J.L. Granatstein and Norman Hillmer: Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders, Toronto: HarperCollinsPublishersLtd., 1999, pp. 102 – 113. ISBN 0-00-200027-X.

John A. Macdonald

  • Laxner, James (2016) Staking Claims to a Continent: John A. Macdonald, Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, and the Making of North America. Anansi Press ISBN 978-1-77089-430-3
  • Patrice Dutil and Roger Hall (2014) John A. Macdonald at 200: New Reflections and Legacies. Dundurn Press ISBN 978-1-4597-2459-4
  • Martin, Ged. (2013) John A. Macdonald: Canada's First Prime Minister. Dundurn Press ISBN 978-1-4597-0651-4
  • Rohmer, Richard (2013) Sir John A.'s Crusade and Seward's Magnificent Folly Dundurn Press ISBN 978-1-4597-0985-0
  • Gwyn, Richard (2011) Nation Maker Sir John A. MacDonald: His Life, Our Times Vol. 2. Random House. ISBN 0-307-35644-2
  • Gwyn, Richard (2008) John A: The Man Who Made Us Vol 1. Vintage Canada. ISBN 0-679-31476-8
  • Johnson, J.K. and Waite, P.B. (2007) "Sir John Alexander Macdonald," in Canada's Prime Ministers, Macdonald to Trudeau: Portraits from the Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-9173-3
  • Patricia Phenix (2007) Private Demons: The Tragic Personal Life of John A. Macdonald McClelland & Stewart ISBN 0-7710-7045-4 [1]
  • George R. Parkin (2007) Sir John A. MacDonald: The Makers of Canada (1908) Kessinger Publishing ISBN 0-548-78347-0
  • Sletcher, Michael. (2004) "Sir John A. Macdonald," in James Eli Adams, and Tom and Sara Pendergast, eds., Encyclopedia of the Victorian Era. 4 vols., Danbury, CT: Grolier Academic Reference. ISBN 0-7172-5860-2
  • Peter B Waite(2000) John a MacDonald: Revised Fitzhenry & Whiteside ISBN 1-55041-479-8
  • Estate of Donald Creighton (1998) John A. Macdonald: The Young Politician. The Old Chieftain University of Toronto Press ISBN 0-8020-7164-3
  • Swainson, Donald. (1989) Sir John A. Macdonald: The Man and the Politician. Kingston, ON: Quarry Press. ISBN 0-919627-29-3
  • Cynthia M. Smith, Jack McLeod (1989)Sir John A. : an anecdotal life of John A. Macdonald Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-540681-8
  • McSherry, James. (1984) The invisible lady: Sir John A. Macdonald's first wife. In Canadian Bulletin of Medical History, Vol. 1 pp. 91–97.[2]
  • Waite, P. B. (1976) + (1999) John A. Macdonald. Don Mills, ON: Fitzhenry and Whiteside Limited.
  • Waite, P. B. (1975) Macdonald: His Life and World. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. ISBN 0-07-082301-4.
  • Johnson, J.K. (1969) Affectionately Yours: The Letters of Sir John A. Macdonald and His Family. Toronto: Macmillan of Canada. ISBN 0-7705-1017-5
  • Guillet, Edwin C, (1967) You'll Never Die, John A!. Toronto: Macmillan of Canada.
  • Wallace, W. Stewart. (1924) Sir John Macdonald. Toronto: The Macmillan Company of Canada Limited.
  • Pope, Joseph (1921) Correspondence of Sir John Macdonald: selections from the correspondence of Sir John Alexander Macdonald. Toronto: Oxford University Press.
  • Pope, Joseph. (1915) The Day of Sir John Macdonald: A Chronicle of the First Prime Minister of the Dominion. Toronto: Brook & Co.
  • Pope, Joseph. (1894) Memoirs of the Right Honourable Sir John Alexander Macdonald, G.C.B., First Prime Minister of The Dominion of Canada, Vols. 1&2. Ottawa: J. Durie & Son.
  • Collins, Joseph Edmund. (1883) Life and times of the Right Honourable Sir John A. Macdonald: Premier of the Dominion of Canada

Alexander Mackenzie

  • William Buckingham, George W. Ross (2005) The Hon. Alexander MacKenzie: His Life and Times University Press of the Pacific ISBN 1-4102-2381-7
  • W. H. Heick, "Mackenzie and Macdonald: federal politics and politicians in Canada, 1873–1878" (phd thesis, Duke Univ., Durham, N.C., 1966)
  • G. E. Briggs, "Edward Blake – Alexander Mackenzie: rivals for power?" (ma thesis, McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ont., 1965).
  • G. F. Henderson, "Alexander Mackenzie and the Canadian Pacific Railway, 1871–1878" (ma thesis, Queen's Univ., Kingston, 1964)
  • Dale C. Thomson (1960) Alexander Mackenzie, Clear Grit Macmillan of Canada
  • T. A. Burke, "Mackenzie and his cabinet, 1873–1878," CHR, 41 (1960): 128–48.
  • William Buckingham, George William Ross "The Honourable Alexander Mackenzie: His Life and Times". 1892. Toronto: Rose Publishing Company Limited, 678 pages
  • Sir George W. Ross "Getting into Parliament and After", 1913. Toronto: William Briggs, 343 pages
  • T.G. Marquis "Builders of Canada from Cartier to Laurier", 1903. Toronto: John C. Winston and Co., 570 pages
  • John Charles Dent "The Canadian Portrait Gallery". Vol. 1 1880. Toronto John B. Magurn

John Abbott

  • Elisabeth L. Abbott, 1997, The Reluctant P.M.: Notes on the Life of Sir John Abbott, Canada's Third Prime Minister, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Québec, Abbott ISBN 0-921370-09-1

John Thompson

  • J. Castell Hopkins, 1895, Life and Work of the Rt. Hon. Sir John Thompson, Toronto: United Publishing Houses.
  • J.P. Heisler, 1955, Sir John Thompson, thesis, University of Toronto.
  • John Saywell (editor), 1960, The Canadian Journal of Lady Aberdeen, 1893–1898, Champlain Society.
  • Bruce Hutchison, 1964, Mr. Prime Minister 1867–1964, Toronto: Longmans Canada.
  • Lovell Clark, 1968, A History of the Conservative Administrations, 1891–1896, PhD thesis, University of Toronto.
  • Peter Busby Waite, 1985, The Man from Halifax: Sir John Thompson, Prime Minister, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, ISBN 0-8020-5659-8.
  • Michael Bliss, 1994, Right Honourable Men: The Descent of Canadian Politics from Macdonald to Mulroney, Toronto.
  • J.L. Granatstein and Norman Hillmer, 1999, Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders, Toronto: HarperCollinsPublishersLtd, A Phyllis Bruce Book, p. 40–42. ISBN 0-00-200027-X.

Mackenzie Bowell

  • Betsy Boyce, 2001, The accidental Prime Minister: The biography of Sir Mackenzie Bowell, Ameliasburg, ON: Seventh Town Historical Society ISBN 0-9691935-5-6

Charles Tupper

  • Joseph Howe, Hon. Mr. Howe's Speech on Dr. Tupper's Railway Resolution. House of assembly. Monday, 9 April 1860. (1860)
  • Joseph Howe, Speech of the Honorable Provincial Secretary, In reply to Doctor Tupper, On the Subject of Retrenchment. Wednesday, March 25 (1863)
  • Charles Tupper, A Letter to the Right Honourable the Earl of Carnarvon: In Reply to a Pamphlet Entitled "Confederation Considered in Relation to the Interests of the Empire" (1866)
  • Charles Tupper, Letter from the Hon. Dr. Tupper, C.B., to the Hon. James McDonald, M.P.P. (1872)
  • The Pacific Railway: Speeches Delivered by Hon. Sir Charles Tupper, K.C.M.G., Minister of Railways and Canals, Hon. H.L. Langevin, C.B., Minister of Public Works, J.B. Plumbs, Esq., M.P., (Niagara), Thomas White, Esq., M.P., (Cardwell), During the Debate in the House of Commons, Session 1880 (1880)
  • Charles Tupper, Le chemin de fer canadien du Pacifique: discours. Exposé complet de la question. (1880)
  • Charles Tupper, Official Report of the Speech Delivered by Hon. Sir Charles Tupper, K.C.M.G., C.B., Minister of Raillways [sic] and Canals, On the Canadian Pacific Railway (1882)
  • Charles Thibault, Biography of Sir Charles Tupper, Minister of Railway ... High Commissioner of Canada to England (1883)
  • Charles Tupper, Unrestricted Reciprocity; Speech ... Delivered in the House of Commons, on Monday, March 19, 1888 (1888)
  • Charles Tupper, Preferential Trade Relations Between Great Britain and Her Colonies: An Address Delivered before the Montreal Board of Trade, January 20, 1896 (1896)
  • Charles Tupper, Speech on the Remedial Bill, Ottawa, 18 March 1896. (1896)
  • Henry J. Morgan, Ad Multos Annos: A Tribute to Sir Charles Tupper on His Political Birthday, 1900 (1900)
  • E. M. Saunders, Three Premiers of Nova Scotia: The Hon. J. W. Johnstone, The Hon. Joseph Howe, The Hon. Charles Tupper (1909)
  • Charles Tupper, Political Reminiscences of the Right Honourable Sir Charles Tupper, Bart., ed. W. A. Harkin (1914)
  • The Life and Letters of the Rt. Hon. Sir Charles Tupper, Bart., K.C.M.G., ed. E. M. Saunders, 2 vols. (1916)
  • J. W. Longley, Sir Charles Tupper (1916)
  • Supplement to the Life and Letters of the Rt. Hon. Sir Charles Tupper, Bart., G.C.M.G., ed. C. H. Tupper (1926)
  • W. M. Whitelaw, The Maritimes and Canada Before Confederation (1934)
  • H. G. Skilling, Canadian Representation Abroad: From Agency to Embassy (1945)
  • A. W. MacIntosh, "The Career of Sir Charles Tupper in Canada, 1864–1900", Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto (1960)
  • G. R. Stevens, Canadian National Railways, 2 vols. (1960–62)
  • D. H. Tait, "The Role of Charles Tupper in Nova Scotian Politics, 1855–1870", M.A. thesis, Dalhousie University (1962)
  • J. M. Robinson, "A Canadian at the Court of Queen Victoria: The High Commissionership, 1880–1895", M.A. thesis, University of Calgary (1967)
  • L. C. Clark, "A History of the Conservative Administrations, 1891 to 1896", Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto (1968)
  • Ian Wilson, "Fleming and Tupper: The Fall of the Siamese Twins, 1880", in Character and Circumstance: Essays in Honour of Donald Grant Creighton, ed. J. S. Moir (1970)
  • P. B. Waite, The Life and Times of Confederation, 1864–1867: Politics, Newspapers, and the Union of British North America (1971)
  • P. B. Waite, Canada, 1874–1896: Arduous Destiny (1971)
  • D. A. Muise, "Elections and Constituencies: Federal Politics in Nova Scotia, 1867–1878", Ph.D. thesis, University of Western Ontario (1971)
  • K. M. McLaughlin, "Race, Religion and Politics: The Election of 1896 in Canada", Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto (1974)
  • Robert Page, "Tupper's Last Hurrah: The Years as Opposition Leader, 1896–1900" in The West and the Nation: Essays in Honour of W. L. Morton, ed. Carl Berger and Ramsay Cook (1976)
  • H. C. Cameron, "Nova Scotians in the Federal Cabinet, 1867–1878", M.A. thesis, Queen's University (1976)
  • W. K. Lamb, History of the Canadian Pacific Railway (1977)
  • K. G. Pryke, Nova Scotia and Confederation, 1864–74 (1979)
  • R. P. Langhout, "Developing Nova Scotia: Railways and Public Accounts, 1849–1867," Acadiensis 14.2 (1984–85)
  • Vincent Durant, War Horse of Cumberland: The Life and Times of Sir Charles Tupper (1985)
  • Ben Forster, A Conjunction of Interests: Business, Politics, and Tariffs, 1825–1879 (1986)
  • R. P. Langhout, "Public Enterprise: An Analysis of Public Finance in the Maritime Colonies During the Period of Responsible Government", Ph.D. thesis, University of New Brunswick (1989)
  • Ben Forster, "The 1870s: Political Integration" in The Atlantic Provinces in Confederation, ed. E. R. Forbes and D. A. Muise (1993)
  • I. P. A. Buckner, "The 1860s: An End and a Beginning" in The Atlantic Region to Confederation, ed. P. A. Buckner and John Reid (1994)
  • Jock Murray and Janet Murray, Sir Charles Tupper: Fighting Doctor to Father of Confederation (1998)
  • J.L. Granatstein and Norman Hillmer, Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders (1999)
  • Johanna Bertin, Sir Charles Tupper: The Bully for Any Great Cause (2006)

Wilfrid Laurier

  • Patrice Dutil and David MacKenzie. Canada 1911: The Decisive Election that Shaped the Country (2011) ISBN 978-1-55488-947-1
  • Grace Stewart, Heather. Sir Wilfrid Laurier: the weakling who stood his ground (2006) ISBN 0-9736406-3-4
  • Laurier LaPierre Sir Wilfrid Laurier and the Romance of Canada – (1996). ISBN 0-7737-2979-8
  • Patrice Dutil. Devil's Adovcate: Godfroy Langlois and the Politics of Liberal Progressivism in Laurier's Quebec (1994) ISBN 1-895854-31-8
  • Real Bélanger. Wilfrid Laurier; quand la politique devient passion (Québec et Montréal, 1986)
  • R. T. Clippingdale, Laurier, his life and world (Toronto, 1979)
  • H. B. Neatby. Laurier and a Liberal Quebec; a study in political management, ed. R. T. Clippingdale (Toronto, 1973)
  • Joseph Schull. Laurier. The First Canadian (1965)
  • Oscar Douglas Skelton, Life and Letters of Sir Wilfrid Laurier 2v (1921; reprinted 1965)
  • H. Blair Neatby. Laurier and a Liberal Quebec: A Study in Political Management (1973)
  • J. W. Dafoe, Laurier: A Study in Canadian Politics (1922)

Robert Borden

  • Patrice Dutil and David MacKenzie Canada 1911: The Decisive Election that Shaped the Country (2011) ISBN 978-1-55488-947-1
  • John English. Borden: his life and world (Toronto, 1977)
  • English, John. The decline of politics: the Conservatives and the party system, 1901–20 (Toronto, 1977)
  • Brown, Robert Craig. Robert Laird Borden: A Biography (1975)
  • Macquarrie, Heath. Robert Borden and the Election of 1911. Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 1959, Vol. 25 Issue 3, pp 271–286 in JSTOR
  • Cook, Tim. Warlords: Borden, Mackenzie King, and Canada's World Wars. Toronto: Allen Lane, 2012.

Arthur Meighen

  • Graham, Roger (1960–1965). Arthur Meighen: a biography, 3 volumes. Clarke, Irwin.
  • Granatstein, J.L. and Hillmer, Norman. Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders. HarperCollinsPublishersLtd., 1999. P. 75-82. ISBN 0-00-200027-X.
  • Meighen, Arthur. Unrevised and Unrepented II: Debating Speeches and Others by the Right Honourable Arthur Meighen (McGill-Queen's University Press, 2011), Edited by Arthur Milnes; this is an expanded version of Arthur Meighen, Unrevised and Unrepented: Debating Speeches and Others by the Right Honourable Arthur Meighen (1949)
  • Oversea Addresses, June – July 1921 by Arthur Meighen at archive.org

William Lyon Mackenzie King

Biographical
  • Bliss, Michael. Right Honourable Men: The Descent of Canadian Politics from Macdonald to Mulroney (1994), pp. 123–184.
  • Cook, Tim. Warlords: Borden, Mackenzie King, and Canada's World Wars. Toronto: Allen Lane, 2012.
  • Courtney, John C. "Prime Ministerial Character: An Examination of Mackenzie King's Political Leadership," Canadian Journal of Political Science Vol. 9, No. 1 (Mar., 1976), pp. 77–100 in JSTOR.
  • Dawson, R.M. William Lyon Mackenzie King: A Political Biography. Vol. 1: 1874–1923, (1958) online edition.
  • English, John, and J.O. Stubbs, eds. Mackenzie King: Widening the Debate, (1977), 257pp; 11 essays by scholars.
  • Esberey, Joy E. Knight of the Holy Spirit: A Study of William Lyon Mackenzie King. (1980). 245 pp. a psychobiography stressing his spirituality.
  • Ferns, Henry, Bernard Ostry, and John Meisel. The Age of Mackenzie King (1976), 396pp; scholarly biography to 1919; excerpt and text search.
  • Granatstein, J.L.. "King, (William Lyon) Mackenzie (1874–1950)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online ed, Jan 2011 accessed 12 Sept 2011
  • Granatstein, J.L.. Mackenzie King: His Life and World, (1977).
  • Hutchison, Bruce. The Incredible Canadian. 1952, a controversial popular book.
  • Levine, Allan. King: William Lyon Mackenzie King: A Life Guided By the Hand of Destiny (2011), 515pp; .
  • McGregor, F.A. The Fall & Rise of Mackenzie King, 1911–1919 (1962) online edition.
  • Neatby, H. Blair (2016). "King, William Lyon Mackenzie". In Cook, Ramsay; Bélanger, Réal. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. XVII (1941–1950) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  • Neatby, H. Blair. William Lyon Mackenzie King, 1924–1932: The Lonely Heights (1963) standard biography, online edition.
  • Neatby, H. Blair. William Lyon Mackenzie King: 1932–1939: the Prism of Unity (1976) standard biography online edition.
  • Stacey, C.P. A Very Double Life: The Private World of Mackenzie King (1985) excerpt and text search.
  • Wardhaugh, Robert A. "A Marriage of Convenience? Mackenzie King and Prince Albert Constituency," Prairie Forum 1996 21(2): 177–199. He represented the safe Saskatchewan district 1926–45; his goal was to disarm the Progressives.
  • Whitaker, Reginald. "Political Thought and Political Action in Mackenzie King." Journal of Canadian Studies 1978–1979 13(4): 40–60. ISSN 0021-9495.
Scholarly studies
  • Allen, Ralph. Ordeal by Fire: Canada, 1910–1945, (1961), 492pp online edition.
  • Betcherman, Lita-Rose. Ernest Lapointe: Mackenzie King's Great Quebec Lieutenant. (2002). 435 pp.
  • Cuff, R.D. and Granatstein, J.L. Canadian-American Relations in Wartime: From the Great War to the Cold War. (1975). 205 pp.
  • Donaghy, Greg, ed. Canada and the Early Cold War, 1943–1957 (1998) online edition.
  • Dziuban, Stanley W. Military Relations between the United States and Canada, 1939–1945 (1959) online edition.
  • Eayrs James. In Defence of Canada. 5 vols. 1964–1983. the standard history of defense policy.
  • Esberey, J.B. "Personality and Politics: A New Look at the King-Byng Dispute," Canadian Journal of Political Science vol 6 no. 1 (March 1973), 37–55.
  • Granatstein, J. L. Canada's War: The politics of the Mackenzie King government, 1939–1945 (1975)
  • Granatstein, J.L. Conscription in the Second World War, 1939–1945;: A study in political management (1969).
  • Granatstein, J.L. and Norman Hillmer. Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders, 1999, pp. 83–101.
  • Macfarlane, John. "Double Vision: Ernest Lapointe, Mackenzie King and the Quebec Voice in Canadian Foreign Policy, 1935–1939," Journal of Canadian Studies 1999 34(1): 93–111; argues Lapointe guided the more imperialist Mackenzie King through three explosive situations: the Ethiopian crisis of 1935, the Munich crisis of 1938, and the formulation of Ottawa's 'no-neutrality-no-conscription' pact in 1939.
  • Neatby, H. Blair. The Politics of Chaos: Canada in the Thirties (1972) online edition.
  • Stacey, C. P. Arms, Men and Governments: The War Policies of Canada, 1939–1945 (1970).
  • Stacey, C. P. Canada and the Age of Conflict: Volume 2: 1921–1948; the Mackenzie King Era, University of Toronto Press 1981, ISBN 0-8020-2397-5.
  • Thompson, John H., and Allan Seager. Canada 1922–1939. (1985). standard scholarly survey. (Part of The Canadian Centenary Series.)
  • Whitaker, Reginald. The Government Party: Organizing and Financing the Liberal Party of Canada, 1930–1958 (1977).
Primary sources
Television series

R.B. Bennett

Monographs
  • Andrew D. Maclean; R. B. Bennett, Prime Minister of Canada, Toronto, Excelsior Publishing Co., 1935.
  • Ernest Watkins; R. B. Bennett: A Biography, 1963.
  • J. R. H. Wilbur; The Bennett New Deal: Fraud or Portent, 1968.
  • James Henry Grey; R. B. Bennett: The Calgary Years, University of Toronto Press, Toronto and Buffalo, 1991.
  • Peter Busby Waite; Loner: Three Sketches of the Personal Life and Ideas of R.B. Bennett, 1870–1947, 1992.
  • Christopher McCreery and Arthur Milnes (editors): The Authentic Voice of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, McGill – Queen's University Press, Centre for the Study of Democracy, 2009, ISBN 978-1-55339-275-0. This book is a collection of Bennett's speeches in the British House of Lords from 1941–47.
  • Peter Busby Waite; In Search of R.B. Bennett, McGill-Queen's University Press, 2012.
  • John Boyko; Bennett: The Rebel Who Challenged And Changed A Nation, Toronto, Key Porter Books, 2010, ISBN 1-55470-248-8.
Other works

Louis St. Laurent

  • J. W. Pickersgill, My years with Louis St-Laurent: a political memoir (Toronto and Buffalo, N.Y., 1975)
  • D. C. Thomson, Louis St. Laurent: Canadian (Toronto, 1967)

John Diefenbaker

Bibliography
  • Archbold, Rick (2002), I Stand For Canada; The Story of the Maple Leaf Flag, Macfarlane Walter and Ross, ISBN 1-55199-108-X
  • Bliss, Michael (2004), Right Honourable Men: The Descent of Canadian Politics from Macdonald to Chrétien (revised ed.), HarperCollins Publishers Ltd., ISBN 0-00-639484-1
  • Diefenbaker, John (1975), One Canada, Memoirs of the Right Honourable John G. Diefenbaker: The Crusading Years 1895 to 1956, Macmillan of Canada, ISBN 0-7705-1331-X
  • Diefenbaker, John (1976), One Canada, Memoirs of the Right Honourable John G. Diefenbaker: The Years of Achievement 1956 to 1962, Macmillan of Canada, ISBN 0-7705-1443-X
  • Diefenbaker, John (1977), One Canada, Memoirs of the Right Honourable John G. Diefenbaker: The Tumultuous Years 1962 to 1967, Macmillan of Canada, ISBN 0-7705-1569-X
  • English, John (1992), The Worldly Years: The Life of Lester Pearson, 1949–1972, Vintage Books, ISBN 0-394-28015-6
  • Gabriel, Soloman (1987), Foreign Policy of Canada: A Study in Diefenbaker's Years, Uppal Publishing House, ISBN 81-85024-24-3
  • Meisel, John (1962), The Canadian General Election of 1957, University of Toronto Press
  • Nash, Knowlton (1990), Kennedy & Diefenbaker: Fear and Loathing Across the Undefended Border, McClelland and Stewart, ISBN 0-7710-6705-4
  • Newman, Peter (1963), Renegade in Power: The Diefenbaker Years, McClelland and Stewart, ISBN 0-7710-6747-X
  • Peden, Murray (1987), Fall of an Arrow, Stoddart Publishing, ISBN 0-7737-5105-X
  • Smith, Denis (1995), Rogue Tory: The Life and Legend of John Diefenbaker, Macfarlane Walter & Ross, ISBN 0-921912-92-7
  • Smith, Denis (2016). "Diefenbaker, John George". In Cook, Ramsay; Bélanger, Réal. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. XX (1971–1980) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  • Stewart, Greig (1991), Shutting Down the National Dream: A.V. Roe and the Tragedy of the Avro Arrow., McGraw-Hill-Ryerson, ISBN 0-07-551119-3
  • Stursberg, Peter (1975), Diefenbaker: Leadership Gained 1956–62, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 0-8020-2130-1
  • Stursberg, Peter (1976), Diefenbaker: Leadership Lost 1962–67, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 0-8020-2225-1
  • Van Dusen, Thomas (1968), The Chief, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0-665-25329-X
Online sources
  • Daniell, Raymond (June 22, 1957), "Conservatives take the reins in Canada", The New York Times, retrieved December 27, 2009 (fee for article)
  • "Nation left in sadness at the loss of a man who left 'em laughing: From prairie to pinnacle, Dief was with the people", Montreal Gazette, August 17, 1979, retrieved January 7, 2010
  • Druzin, Randi (September 14, 2011), "Canadian PM Diefenbaker bored Jackie Kennedy, tapes reveal", Global News, archived from the original on November 20, 2011, retrieved October 7, 2011
  • The Canadian Press (September 23, 1977), "Stanfield tells Diefenbaker to button up about Clark", Ottawa Citizen, retrieved January 3, 2010
  • Lynch, Charles (September 23, 1977), "Big Thunder sounds off", Ottawa Citizen, retrieved January 3, 2010
  • "Farewell Dief". CBC Digital Archives. August 16, 1979. Retrieved January 19, 2011.
  • Cheadle, Bruce (September 19, 2011), "Diefenbaker tributes part of Tory efforts to rebrand Canadian history", Canadian Press via Winnipeg Free Press, retrieved October 7, 2011
  • Cobb, Chris (September 20, 2011), "Diefenbaker honoured next to despised rival Pearson in Ottawa", Vancouver Sun, retrieved October 7, 2011

Lester B. Pearson

  • Anderson, Antony. The Diplomat: Lester Pearson and the Suez Crisis. Toronto: Goose Lane, 2015.
  • Beal, John Robinson (1964). Pearson of Canada. New York City: Duell, Sloan and Pearce. OCLC 480173.
  • Beal, John Robinson; Poliquin, Jean-Marc (1968). Les trois vies de Pearson of Canada (in French). Montreal: Éditions de l'Homme. OCLC 299901158.
  • Bliss, Michael (1994). Right Honourable Men: the descent of Canadian politics from Macdonald to Mulroney (1st ed.). Toronto: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-255071-0. OCLC 30073069.
  • Bothwell, Robert (1978). Pearson, His Life and World. Toronto, New York City: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. ISBN 978-0-07-082305-1. OCLC 4464045.
  • Bowering, George (1999). Egotists and Autocrats: The Prime Ministers of Canada. Toronto, New York City: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-88081-2. OCLC 45066615. Also published in 2000 by Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-027550-6. OCLC 44545832.
  • Champion, C P (Fall 2006). "A Very British Coup: Canadianism, Quebec and Ethnicity in the Flag Debate, 1964–1965". Journal of Canadian Studies. 40 (3): 68–99. doi:10.3138/jcs.40.3.68.
  • Champion, C P (June 2007). "Mike Pearson at Oxford: War, Varsity, and Canadianism". Canadian Historical Review. 88 (2): 263–90. doi:10.3138/chr.88.2.263.
  • Donaldson, Gordon (1994). The Prime Ministers of Canada. Toronto: Doubleday Canada. ISBN 978-0-385-25454-0. OCLC 29309906.
  • Robbins, John E, ed. (1972). "Pearson, Lester Bowles". Encyclopedia Canadiana. Vol. 8. Ottawa: Grolier of Canada. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-7172-1601-7. OCLC 514259.
  • English, John (1989–1992). The life of Lester Pearson. Toronto/New York City: Lester & Orpen Dennys/Alfred A. Knopf Canada. ISBN 978-0-88619-169-6. OCLC 22862125.
    • John English (2011). The Worldly Years: Life of Lester Pearson 1949–1972. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-307-37539-1.
  • Ferguson, Will (1999). Bastards and Boneheads: Canada's Glorious Leaders, Past and Present. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN 978-1-55054-737-5. OCLC 44883908.
  • Pearson, Lester B; Fry, Michael G (1975). "Freedom and change" : essays in honour of Lester B. Pearson. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 978-0-7710-3187-8. OCLC 2692327. Also OCLC 463535217 and OCLC 300360332.
  • Hillmer, Norman; Granatstein, J L (1999). Prime ministers: ranking Canada's leaders. Toronto: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-200027-7. OCLC 41432030. Also ISBN 978-0-00-638563-9.
  • Hutchison, Bruce (1964). Mr. Prime Minister 1867–1964. Don Mills, Ont: Longmans Canada. OCLC 5024890. Also OCLC 422290909.
  • Stursberg, Peter (1978). Lester Pearson and the Dream of Unity. Toronto/New York City: Doubleday Canada/Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-13478-1. OCLC 4516158.
  • Thordarson, Bruce (1974). Lester Pearson: diplomat and politician. Canadian lives. Toronto: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-540225-4. OCLC 1584470.
Writings
  • Pearson, Lester B (1953). Canada: Nation on the March. Toronto: Clarke, Irwin. OCLC 2982616.
  • (1970). The Crisis of Development. Russell C. Leffingwell lectures, 1969. New York City: Council on Foreign Relations by Praeger Publishers. OCLC 88948. Also published by Pall Mall Press (1970), ISBN 978-0-269-02736-9, OCLC 611559021.
  • (1959). Diplomacy in the Nuclear Age. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. OCLC 504766.
  • (1964). The Four Faces of Peace and the International Outlook. New York City: Dodd, Mead. OCLC 1311155.
  • (1972). Mike : The Memoirs of the Right Honourable Lester B. Pearson. New York City: Quadrangle Books. ISBN 978-0-8129-0299-0. OCLC 532497.
  • (1969). Peace in the Family of Man. Reith Lectures, 1968. London: British Broadcasting Corporation. ISBN 978-0-563-08449-5. OCLC 25607.
  • (1970). Words and Occasions: An Anthology of Speeches and Articles. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-95611-7. OCLC 136293.

Pierre Trudeau

  • Bergeron, Gérard. Notre miroir à deux faces: Trudeau-Lévesque. Montreal: Québec/Amérique, c1985. ISBN 2-89037-239-1
  • Bliss, Michael. Right Honourable Men: the descent of Canadian politics from Macdonald to Mulroney, 1994.
  • Bothwell, Robert and Granatstein, J.L. Pirouette : Pierre Trudeau and Canadian foreign policy, 1990. ISBN 0-8020-5780-2
  • Bowering, George. Egotists and Autocrats: the Prime Ministers of Canada, 1999.
  • Burelle, André. Pierre Elliott Trudeau: l'intellectuel et le politique, Montréal: Fides, 2005, 480 pages.
  • Butler, Rick, Jean-Guy Carrier, eds. The Trudeau decade. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 1979.
  • Butson, Thomas G. Pierre Elliott Trudeau. New York: Chelsea House, c1986.
  • Clarkson, Stephen; McCall, Christina. Trudeau and our times. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, c1990–c1994. 2 v.
  • Cohen, Andrew, J. L. Granatstein, eds. Trudeau's Shadow: the life and legacy of Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Toronto: Vintage Canada, 1999.
  • Couture, Claude. Paddling with the Current: Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Étienne Parent, liberalism and nationalism in Canada. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, c1998. Issued also in French: La loyauté d'un laïc.
  • Donaldson, Gordon (journalist). The Prime Ministers of Canada, 1997.
  • English, John. Citizen of the World: The Life of Pierre Elliott Trudeau Volume One: 1919–1968 (2006); Just Watch Me: The Life of Pierre Elliott Trudeau Volume Two: 1968–2000 (2009); Knopf Canada,
  • Griffiths, Linda. Maggie & Pierre: a fantasy of love, politics and the media: a play. Vancouver: Talonbooks, 1980.
  • Gwyn, Richard. The Northern Magus: Pierre Trudeau and Canadians. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, c1980.
  • Hillmer, Norman and Granatstein, J.L. Prime Ministers: Rating Canada's Leaders, 1999. ISBN 0-00-200027-X.
  • Laforest, Guy. Trudeau and the end of a Canadian dream. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, c1995.
  • Litt, Paul. Trudeaumania. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2016.
  • Lotz, Jim. Prime Ministers of Canada, 1987.
  • McDonald, Kenneth. His pride, our fall: recovering from the Trudeau revolution. Toronto: Key Porter Books, c1995.
  • McIlroy, Thad, ed. A Rose is a rose: a tribute to Pierre Elliott Trudeau in cartoons and quotas. Toronto: Doubleday, 1984.
  • Nemni, Max and Nemni, Monique. Young Trudeau: Son of Quebec, Father of Canada, 1919–1944. Toronto: Douglas Gibson Books, 2006. (Based on private papers and diaries of Pierre Trudeau which he gave the authors in 1995)
  • Nemni, Max and Nemni, Monique. Trudeau Transformed: The Shaping of a Statesman, 1944-1965. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 2011.
  • Peterson, Roy. Drawn & quartered: the Trudeau years. Toronto: Key Porter Books, 1984.
  • Radwanski, George. Trudeau. New York: Taplinger Pub. Co., 1978.
  • Ricci, Nino. Extraordinary Canadians Pierre Elliott Trudeau (2009)
  • Sawatsky, John. The Insiders: Government, Business, and the Lobbyists, 1987.
  • Simpson, Jeffrey. Discipline of power: the Conservative interlude and the Liberal restoration. Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1984.
  • Stewart, Walter. Shrug: Trudeau in power. Toronto: New Press, 1971.
  • Southam, Nancy. Pierre, McClelland & Stewart, September 19, 2006, 408 pages
  • Simard, François-Xavier. Le vrai visage de Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Montréal: Les Intouchables, April 19, 2006
  • Vastel, Michel. The outsider: the life of Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, c1990. 266 pages. Translation of: Trudeau, le Québécois.
  • Walters, Eric. Voyageur, Toronto: Penguin Groups 2008
  • Wright, Robert. Trudeaumania: The Rise to Power of Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Toronto; Harper Collins, 2016.
  • Zink, Lubor J. Trudeaucracy. Toronto: Toronto Sun Publishing Ltd., 1972. 150 pages. OCLC 837009381.
Archival videos of Trudeau
Works by Trudeau
  • Memoirs. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, c1993.
  • Towards a just society: the Trudeau years, with Thomas S. Axworthy, (eds.) Markham, Ont.: Viking, 1990.
  • The Canadian Way: Shaping Canada's Foreign Policy 1968–1984, with Ivan Head
  • Two innocents in Red China. (Deux innocents en Chine rouge), with Jacques Hébert 1960.
  • Against the Current: Selected Writings, 1939–1996. (À contre-courant: textes choisis, 1939–1996). Gerard Pelletier (ed)
  • The Essential Trudeau. Ron Graham, (ed.) Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, c1998.
  • The asbestos strike. (Grève de l'amiante), translated by James Boake 1974
  • Pierre Trudeau Speaks Out on Meech Lake. Donald J. Johnston, (ed). Toronto: General Paperbacks, 1990.
  • Approaches to politics. Introd. by Ramsay Cook. Prefatory note by Jacques Hébert. Translated by I. M. Owen. from the French Cheminements de la politique. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1970.
  • Underwater Man, with Joe MacInnis. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1975.
  • Federalism and the French Canadians. Introd. by John T. Saywell. 1968
  • Conversation with Canadians. Foreword by Ivan L. Head. Toronto, Buffalo: University of Toronto Press 1972.
  • The best of Trudeau. Toronto: Modern Canadian Library. 1972
  • Lifting the shadow of war. C. David Crenna, editor. Edmonton: Hurtig, c1987.
  • Human rights, federalism and minorities. (Les droits de l'homme, le fédéralisme et les minorités), with Allan Gotlieb and the Canadian Institute of International Affairs

Joe Clark

  • Winners, Losers, by Patrick Brown (journalist), Rae Murphy, and Robert Chodos, 1976.
  • Joe Clark: A Portrait, by David L. Humphreys, Toronto 1978, Deneau and Greenberg Publishers Ltd., .
  • Joe Clark: The Emerging Leader, by Michael Nolan, Toronto 1978, Fitzhenry & Whiteside, .
  • 200 Days: Joe Clark in Power, by Warner Troyer, Toronto 1980, Personal Library, Publishers, .
  • Discipline of Power: the Conservative Interlude and the Liberal Restoration, by Jeffrey Simpson, Macmillan of Canada, 1984, .
  • One-Eyed Kings, by Ron Graham, Toronto 1986, Collins Publishers.
  • The Insiders: Government, Business, and the Lobbyists, by John Sawatsky, 1987.
  • Prime Ministers of Canada, by Jim Lotz, 1987.
  • Mulroney: The Politics of Ambition, by John Sawatsky, Toronto 1991, MacFarlane, Walter, and Ross publishers.
  • Memoirs, by Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Toronto 1993, McClelland & Stewart publishers, ISBN 0-7710-8587-7.
  • A Nation Too Good to Lose: Renewing the Purpose of Canada, by Joseph Clark, Toronto 1994, Key Porter Books, ISBN 1-55013-603-8.
  • Right Honourable Men: the descent of Canadian politics from Macdonald to Mulroney, by Michael Bliss, 1994.
  • The Prime Ministers of Canada, by Gordon Donaldson (journalist), 1997.
  • Prime Ministers: Rating Canada's Leaders, by Norman Hillmer and J.L. Granatstein, 1999. ISBN 0-00-200027-X.
  • Egotists and Autocrats: The Prime Ministers of Canada, by George Bowering, 1999.
  • Bastards and Boneheads: Canada's Glorious Leaders, Past and Present, by Will Ferguson, 1999.
  • In My Own Name, by Maureen McTeer, 2003.
  • The Secret Mulroney Tapes, edited by Peter C. Newman, 2006.
  • Memoirs 1939–1993, by Brian Mulroney, 2007.

John Turner

  • Litt, Paul (2011). Elusive Destiny:The Political Vocation of John Napier Turner. UBC Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-2267-1.
  • Cahill, Jack (1984). John Turner: The Long Run. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 978-0-7710-1872-5. OCLC 12051468.
  • Snider, Norman (1985). The Changing of the Guard: How the Liberals Fell From Grace. Toronto: Lester & Orpen Dennys. ISBN 978-0-88619-090-3. OCLC 13077179.
  • Weston, Greg (1988). Reign of Error: the Inside Story of John Turner's Troubled Leadership. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. ISBN 978-0-07-549693-9. OCLC 19110646.
  • Mulroney: The Politics of Ambition, by John Sawatsky, Toronto 1991, McFarlane, Walter, and Ross publishers, ISBN 0-921912-06-4.
  • Granatstein, J.L. and Norman Hillmer. Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders, (Toronto: 1999, HarperCollins) ISBN 0-00-200027-X.
  • Turner, John. Politics With Purpose, by , 40th anniversary edition, McGill-Queen's University Press, 2008.

Brian Mulroney

  • Blake, Raymond B. ed. Transforming the Nation: Canada and Brian Mulroney (McGill-Queen's University Press), 2007. 456pp; ISBN 978-0-7735-3214-4
  • Winners, Losers, by Patrick Brown (journalist), Rae Murphy, and Robert Chodos, 1976.
  • Where I Stand, by Brian Mulroney, 1983.
  • Discipline of Power: the Conservative Interlude and the Liberal Restoration, by Jeffrey Simpson, Macmillan of Canada, 1984, ISBN 0-920510-24-8.
  • Brian Mulroney: The Boy from Baie Comeau, by Nick Auf der Maur, Rae Murphy, and Robert Chodos, 1984.
  • Mulroney: The Making of the Prime Minister, by L. Ian MacDonald, 1984.
  • The Insiders: Government, Business, and the Lobbyists, by John Sawatsky, 1987.
  • Prime Ministers of Canada, by Jim Lotz, 1987.
  • Selling Out: Four Years of the Mulroney Government, by Eric Hamovitch, Rae Murphy, and Robert Chodos, 1988.
  • Friends in high places: politics and patronage in the Mulroney government, by Claire Hoy, 1989.
  • Mulroney: The Politics of Ambition, by John Sawatsky, 1991.
  • Right Honourable Men: the Descent of Canadian Politics from Macdonald to Mulroney, by Michael Bliss, 1994.
  • On the Take: Crime, Corruption and Greed in the Mulroney Years, by Stevie Cameron, 1994.
  • The Prime Ministers of Canada, by Gordon Donaldson (journalist), 1997.
  • Presumed Guilty: Brian Mulroney, the Airbus Affair, and the Government of Canada, by William Kaplan, 1998.
  • Prime Ministers: Rating Canada's Leaders, by Norman Hillmer and J.L. Granatstein, 1999. ISBN 0-00-200027-X.
  • The Last Amigo: Karlheinz Schreiber and the Anatomy of a Scandal, by Stevie Cameron and Harvey Cashore, 2001.
  • Egotists and Autocrats: The Prime Ministers of Canada, by George Bowering, 1999.
  • Bastards and Boneheads: Canada's Glorious Leaders, Past and Present, by Will Ferguson, 1999.
  • A Secret Trial: Brian Mulroney, Stevie Cameron, and the Public Trust, by William Kaplan, 2004.
  • The Secret Mulroney Tapes: Unguarded Confessions of a Prime Minister, by Peter C. Newman, 2005.
  • Master of Persuasion: Brian Mulroney's Global Legacy, by Fen Osler Hampson, 2018.

Kim Campbell

  • Dobbin, Murray (1993). The Politics of Kim Campbell: From School Trustee to Prime Minister. Lorimer. p. 180. ISBN 1-55028-413-4.
  • Canadian Political Scientists: Jack Layton, Stephane Dion, Kim Campbell, Ted Morton, Tom Flanagan, Emmanuel Brunet Jailly, Lloyd Axworthy. Books LLC. September 2010. p. 60. ISBN 1-155-73546-3.

Jean Chrétien

  • Chrétien, Jean (2007). My Years as Prime Minister. Toronto: Knopf Canada. ISBN 0-676-97900-9.
  • Chrétien, Jean (1985). Straight from the Heart. Toronto: Key Porter Books. ISBN 1-55013-576-7.
  • Martin, Lawrence (1995). Chrétien: The Will to Win. Toronto: Lester Publishing. ISBN 1-895555-95-7.
  • Martin, Lawrence (2003). Iron Man: The Defiant Reign of Jean Chrétien. Toronto: Penguin Group (Canada). ISBN 0-670-04310-9.
  • Double Vision: The Inside Story of the Liberals in Power, by Edward Greenspon and Anthony Wilson-Smith, Toronto 1996, Doubleday Canada publishers, ISBN 0-385-25613-2.
  • One-Eyed Kings, by Ron Graham, Toronto 1986, Collins Publishers, ISBN 0-00-217749-8.
  • Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders by J.L. Granatstein and Normal Hillmer, Toronto, HarperCollinsPublishersLtd., 1999, ISBN 0-00-200027-X.
Academic
  • Harder, Lois, and Steve Patten, eds. (2006). The Chrétien Legacy:Public Policy in Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 0-7735-3107-6.
  • McWhinney, Edward (2003). Chrétien and Canadian Federalism: Politics and the Constitution, 1993–2003. Vancouver: Ronsdale Press. ISBN 1-55380-006-0.

Paul Martin

  • Martin, Paul (2009). Hell or High Water: My Life in and out of Politics. Emblem Edition. ISBN 978-0-7710-5693-2; Autobiography
  • Donaghy, Greg. (2015) Grit: The Life and Politics of Paul Martin Sr. (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2015). Pp. 480
  • Gray, John (2003). Paul Martin: The Power of Ambition. Key Porter Books. ISBN 978-1-55263-217-8.
  • Wells, Paul. (2007) Right Side Up: The Fall of Paul Martin and the Rise of Stephen Harper's New Conservatism (Douglas Gibson Books) 344 pp ISBN 978-0-7710-8855-1
  • Wilson-Smith, Anthony; Greenspon, Edward (1996). Double Vision: The Inside Story of the Liberals in Power. Doubleday Canada. ISBN 0-385-25613-2.

Stephen Harper

  • Behiels, Michael D. "Stephen Harper's Rise to Power" (PDF) American Review of Canadian Studies Spring 2010, Vol. 40 Issue 1, pp 118–45
  • Chantal, Hébert. (2007) French Kiss: Stephen Harper's Blind Date with Quebec Vintage Canada, ISBN 978-0-676-97908-4
  • Cody, Howard (2008). "Minority Government In Canada: The Stephen Harper Experience". American Review of Canadian Studies. 38 (1): 27–42. doi:10.1080/02722010809481819.
  • Flanagan, Tom. (2009) Harper's Team: Behind the Scenes in the Conservative Rise to Power (2nd ed), ISBN 978-0-7735-3545-9
  • Frenette, Yves (2014). "Conscripting Canada's Past: The Harper Government and the Politics of Memory". Canadian Journal of History. 49 (2): 49–65.
  • Gutstein, Donald. Harperism: How Stephen Harper and his Think Tank Colleagues Have Transformed Canada. Toronto: Lorimer, 2014.
  • Harris, Michael. (2014) Party of One: Stephen Harper And Canada's Radical Makeover, 554 pp. Viking; Second Impression edition. ISBN 978-0-670-06701-5
  • Ibbitson, John. (2015) Stephen Harper, 448 pp. Signal. ISBN 978-0-7710-4703-9.
  • Johnson, William. (2006) Stephen Harper & the Future of Canada (2nd ed) Douglas Gibson, ISBN 0-7710-4350-3
  • Mackey, Lloyd. (2005) "The pilgrimage of Stephen Harper" ECW Press ISBN 1-55022-713-0
  • Martin, Lawrence. "Harperland: The Politics of Control" Viking Canada (2010). ISBN 978-0-670-06517-2
  • Plamondon, Bob. Full Circle: Death and Resurrection in Canadian Conservative Politics (2006), 472 pp., ISBN 978-1-55263-855-2
  • Wells, Paul. (2007) "Right Side Up: The Fall of Paul Martin and the Rise of Stephen Harper's New Conservatism" "Douglas Gibson Books" 344 Pages ISBN 978-0-7710-8855-1
  • Wells, Paul. (2013) "The Longer I'm Prime Minister. Stephen Harper and Canada 2006-" 'Random House" 448 Pages ISBN 978-0-307-36132-5

Justin Trudeau

  • Trudeau, Justin. (2014) "Common Ground" 'HarperCollins Publishers" 352 Pages ISBN 978-1-4434-3337-2

See also

References

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