List of birds of Austria

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Austria. The avifauna of Austria include a total of 416 species (but see also Notes, below), of which 90 are rare or accidental, 14 of which have not been recorded since 1950; and seven have been introduced by humans.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature follow the Checkliste Der Vögel Österreichs (Ranner 2005).

The following tags have been used to highlight several categories. The commonly occurring native species do not fall into any of these categories.

  • (*) Accidental - species that rarely occur in Austria, for which descriptions are required by the Austrian Rarities Committee (Avifaunistische Kommission, AFK)
  • (B) Historical - species that have not been recorded in Austria since 1950
  • (C) Introduced - species introduced to Austria as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions

Swans, geese and ducks

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

Common name Binomial Status
Mute swanCygnus olor
Tundra swanCygnus columbianus
Whooper swanCygnus cygnus
Bean gooseAnser fabalis
Pink-footed gooseAnser brachyrhynchus*
Greater white-fronted gooseAnser albifrons
Lesser white-fronted gooseAnser erythropus
Greylag gooseAnser anser
Canada gooseBranta canadensisC
Barnacle gooseBranta leucopsis
Brent gooseBranta bernicla
Red-breasted gooseBranta ruficollis
Egyptian gooseAlopochen aegyptiacusC
Ruddy shelduckTadorna ferrugineaC
Common shelduckTadorna tadorna
Mandarin duckAix galericulataC
Eurasian wigeonMareca penelope
Falcated duckMareca falcata* B
GadwallMareca strepera
Eurasian tealAnas crecca
Green-winged tealAnas carolinensis*
MallardAnas platyrhynchos
Northern pintailAnas acuta
GarganeySpatula querquedula
Blue-winged tealSpatula discors*
Northern shovelerSpatula clypeata
Red-crested pochardNetta rufina
Common pochardAythya ferina
Ring-necked duckAythya collaris*
Ferruginous duckAythya nyroca
Tufted duckAythya fuligula
Greater scaupAythya marila
Common eiderSomateria mollissima
Harlequin duckHistrionicus histrionicus*
Long-tailed duckClangula hyemalis
Common scoterMelanitta nigra
Velvet scoterMelanitta fusca
Common goldeneyeBucephala clangula
SmewMergellus albellus
Red-breasted merganserMergus serrator
GoosanderMergus merganser
Ruddy duckOxyura jamaicensis* C
White-headed duckOxyura leucocephala*

Grouse

Order: Galliformes   Family: Tetraonidae

Common name Binomial Status
Hazel grouseBonasa bonasia
Rock ptarmiganLagopus muta
Black grouseTetrao tetrix
Western capercaillieTetrao urogallus

Pheasants and partridges

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

Common name Binomial Status
Rock partridgeAlectoris graeca
Grey partridgePerdix perdix
Common quailCoturnix coturnix
Common pheasantPhasianus colchicusC

Divers

Order: Gaviiformes   Family: Gaviidae

Common name Binomial Status
Red-throated diverGavia stellata
Black-throated diverGavia arctica
Great northern diverGavia immer
White-billed diverGavia adamsii*

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

Common name Binomial Status
Little grebeTachybaptus ruficollis
Great crested grebePodiceps cristatus
Red-necked grebePodiceps grisegena
Slavonian grebePodiceps auritus
Black-necked grebePodiceps nigricollis

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

Common name Binomial Status
Cory's shearwaterCalonectris borealis* B
Manx shearwaterPuffinus puffinus*
Yelkouan shearwaterPuffinus yelkouan* B

Northern storm petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

Common name Binomial Status
European storm petrelHydrobates pelagicus*
Leach's storm petrelOceanodroma leucorhoa* B

Gannets

Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

Common name Binomial Status
Northern gannetMorus bassanus* B

Cormorants

Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Common name Binomial Status
Great cormorantPhalacrocorax carbo
European shagPhalacrocorax aristotelis*
Pygmy cormorantMicrocarbo pygmeus

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

Common name Binomial Status
Great white pelicanPelecanus onocrotalus*

Bitterns, herons and egrets

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian bitternBotaurus stellaris
Little bitternIxobrychus minutus
Black-crowned night heronNycticorax nycticorax
Squacco heronArdeola ralloides
Cattle egretBubulcus ibis*
Little egretEgretta garzetta
Great egretEgretta alba
Grey heronArdea cinerea
Purple heronArdea purpurea

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

Common name Binomial Status
Glossy ibisPlegadis falcinellus
Northern bald ibisGeronticus eremita* B
Eurasian spoonbillPlatalea leucorodia

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes   Family: Ciconiidae

Common name Binomial Status
Black storkCiconia nigra
White storkCiconia ciconia

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes   Family: Phoenicopteridae

Common name Binomial Status
Greater flamingoPhoenicopterus roseus

Kites, hawks and eagles

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

Common name Binomial Status
European honey buzzardPernis apivorus
Black-winged kiteElanus caeruleus*
Black kiteMilvus migrans
Red kiteMilvus milvus
White-tailed eagleHaliaeetus albicilla
Bearded vultureGypaetus barbatus
Egyptian vultureNeophron percnopterus*
Griffon vultureGyps fulvus
European black vultureAegypius monachus
Short-toed snake eagleCircaetus gallicus
Western marsh harrierCircus aeruginosus
Hen harrierCircus cyaneus
Pallid harrierCircus macrourus
Montagu's harrierCircus pygargus
Northern goshawkAccipiter gentilis
Eurasian sparrowhawkAccipiter nisus
Levant sparrowhawkAccipiter brevipes*
Common buzzardButeo buteo
Long-legged buzzardButeo rufinus
Rough-legged buzzardButeo lagopus
Lesser spotted eagleClanga pomarina
Greater spotted eagleClanga clanga
Imperial eagleAquila heliaca
Golden eagleAquila chrysaetos
Bonelli's eagleAquila fasciata*
Booted eagleHieraaetus pennatus

Osprey

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Pandionidae

Common name Binomial Status
OspreyPandion haliaetus

Falcons

Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

Common name Binomial Status
Lesser kestrelFalco naumanni
Common kestrelFalco tinnunculus
Red-footed falconFalco vespertinus
MerlinFalco columbarius
Eurasian hobbyFalco subbuteo
Saker falconFalco cherrug
Gyr falconFalco rusticolus*
Peregrine falconFalco peregrinus

Rails, crakes and coots

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

Common name Binomial Status
Water railRallus aquaticus
Spotted crakePorzana porzana
Little crakePorzana parva
Baillon's crakePorzana pusilla*
Corn crakeCrex crex
Common moorhenGallinula chloropus
Western swamphenPorphyrio porphyrio* B
Eurasian cootFulica atra

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

Common name Binomial Status
Common craneGrus grus

Bustards

Order: Otidiformes   Family: Otididae

Common name Binomial Status
Little bustardTetrax tetrax
Macqueen's bustardChlamydotis macqueenii*
Great bustardOtis tarda

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian oystercatcherHaematopus ostralegus

Avocets and stilts

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

Common name Binomial Status
Black-winged stiltHimantopus himantopus
Pied avocetRecurvirostra avosetta

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Burhinidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian stone-curlewBurhinus oedicnemus

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Glareolidae

Common name Binomial Status
Cream-coloured courserCursorius cursor*
Collared pratincoleGlareola pratincola
Black-winged pratincoleGlareola nordmanni*

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

Common name Binomial Status
Little ringed ploverCharadrius dubius
Common ringed ploverCharadrius hiaticula
Kentish ploverCharadrius alexandrinus
Greater sand ploverCharadrius leschenaultii*
Eurasian dotterelCharadrius morinellus
European golden ploverPluvialis apricaria
Grey ploverPluvialis squatarola
Sociable lapwingVanellus gregarius
White-tailed lapwingVanellus leucurus*
Northern lapwingVanellus vanellus

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

Common name Binomial Status
Red knotCalidris canutus
SanderlingCalidris alba
Little stintCalidris minuta
Temminck's stintCalidris temminckii
White-rumped sandpiperCalidris fuscicollis*
Baird's sandpiperCalidris bairdii*
Pectoral sandpiperCalidris melanotos
Sharp-tailed sandpiperCalidris acuminata*
Curlew sandpiperCalidris ferruginea
Purple sandpiperCalidris maritima*
DunlinCalidris alpina
Broad-billed sandpiperCalidris falcinellus
Buff-breasted sandpiperCalidris subruficollis*
RuffCalidris pugnax
Jack snipeLymnocryptes minimus
Common snipeGallinago gallinago
Great snipeGallinago media
Eurasian woodcockScolopax rusticola
Black-tailed godwitLimosa limosa
Bar-tailed godwitLimosa lapponica
WhimbrelNumenius phaeopus
Slender-billed curlewNumenius tenuirostris*
Eurasian curlewNumenius arquata
Spotted redshankTringa erythropus
Common redshankTringa totanus
Marsh sandpiperTringa stagnatilis
Common greenshankTringa nebularia
Lesser yellowlegsTringa flavipes*
Green sandpiperTringa ochropus
Wood sandpiperTringa glareola
Terek sandpiperXenus cinereus
Common sandpiperActitis hypoleucos
Spotted sandpiperActitis macularius*
Ruddy turnstoneArenaria interpres
Red-necked phalaropePhalaropus lobatus
Red phalaropePhalaropus fulicarius

Skuas

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

Common name Binomial Status
Great skuaStercorarius skua
Pomarine skuaStercorarius pomarinus
Arctic skuaStercorarius parasiticus
Long-tailed skuaStercorarius longicaudus

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Common name Binomial Status
Pallas's gullIchthyaetus ichthyaetus*
Mediterranean gullIchthyaetus melanocephalus
Laughing gullLeucophaeus atricilla*
Little gullHydrocoloeus minutus
Sabine's gullXema sabini*
Black-headed gullChroicocephalus ridibundus
Slender-billed gullChroicocephalus genei
Ring-billed gullLarus delawarensis*
Common gullLarus canus
Lesser black-backed gullLarus fuscus
Herring gullLarus argentatus
Yellow-legged gullLarus michahellis
Caspian gullLarus cachinnans
Iceland gullLarus glaucoides* B
Glaucous gullLarus hyperboreus*
Great black-backed gullLarus marinus
Black-legged kittiwakeRissa tridactyla
Gull-billed ternGelochelidon nilotica
Caspian ternHydroprogne caspia
Lesser crested ternThalasseus bengalensis*
Sandwich ternThalasseus sandvicensis
Roseate ternSterna dougallii*
Common ternSterna hirundo
Arctic ternSterna paradisaea
Little ternSternula albifrons
Whiskered ternChlidonias hybrida
Black ternChlidonias niger
White-winged ternChlidonias leucopterus

Auks

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Alcidae

Common name Binomial Status
Brünnich's guillemotUria lomvia
RazorbillAlca torda*
Little aukAlle alle*
Atlantic puffinFratercula arctica*

Sandgrouse

Order: Pterocliformes   Family: Pteroclidae

Common name Binomial Status
Pallas's sandgrouseSyrrhaptes paradoxus* B

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Common name Binomial Status
Rock doveColumba liviaC
Stock doveColumba oenas
Wood pigeonColumba palumbus
Eurasian collared doveStreptopelia decaocto
European turtle doveStreptopelia turtur
Oriental turtle doveStreptopelia orientalis*

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

Common name Binomial Status
Great spotted cuckooClamator glandarius*
Common cuckooCuculus canorus

Barn owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Tytonidae

Common name Binomial Status
Barn owlTyto alba

Typical owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian scops owlOtus scops
Eurasian eagle-owlBubo bubo
Snowy owlBubo scandiacus*
Northern hawk-owlSurnia ulula*
Eurasian pygmy owlGlaucidium passerinum
Little owlAthene noctua
Tawny owlStrix aluco
Ural owlStrix uralensis
Long-eared owlAsio otus
Short-eared owlAsio flammeus
Tengmalm's owlAegolius funereus

Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Caprimulgidae

Common name Binomial Status
European nightjarCaprimulgus europaeus

Swifts

Order: Apodiformes   Family: Apodidae

Common name Binomial Status
Common swiftApus apus
Alpine swiftApus melba

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

Common name Binomial Status
Common kingfisherAlcedo atthis

Bee-eaters

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Meropidae

Common name Binomial Status
European bee-eaterMerops apiaster

Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Coraciidae

Common name Binomial Status
European rollerCoracias garrulus

Hoopoes

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Upupidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian hoopoeUpupa epops

Woodpeckers

Order: Piciformes   Family: Picidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian wryneckJynx torquilla
Grey-headed woodpeckerPicus canus
European green woodpeckerPicus viridis
Black woodpeckerDryocopus martius
Great spotted woodpeckerDendrocopos major
Syrian woodpeckerDendrocopos syriacus
White-backed woodpeckerDendrocopos leucotos
Middle spotted woodpeckerDendrocoptes medius
Lesser spotted woodpeckerDryobates minor
Eurasian three-toed woodpeckerPicoides tridactylus

Larks

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

Common name Binomial Status
Calandra larkMelanocorypha calandra*
Black larkMelanocorypha yeltoniensis* B
Greater short-toed larkCalandrella brachydactyla
Lesser short-toed larkAlaudala rufescens*
Crested larkGalerida cristata
WoodlarkLullula arborea
Eurasian skylarkAlauda arvensis
White-winged larkAlauda leucoptera* B
Horned larkEremophila alpestris

Swallows and martins

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

Common name Binomial Status
Sand martinRiparia riparia
Eurasian crag martinPtyonoprogne rupestris
Barn swallowHirundo rustica
Red-rumped swallowHirundo daurica
Common house martinDelichon urbicum

Pipits and wagtails

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

Common name Binomial Status
Richard's pipitAnthus richardi
Tawny pipitAnthus campestris
Tree pipitAnthus trivialis
Meadow pipitAnthus pratensis
Rock pipitAnthus petrosus
Red-throated pipitAnthus cervinus
Water pipitAnthus spinoletta1
Western yellow wagtailMotacilla flava
Citrine wagtailMotacilla citreola
Grey wagtailMotacilla cinerea
White wagtailMotacilla alba

Waxwings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Bombycillidae

Common name Binomial Status
Bohemian waxwingBombycilla garrulus

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cinclidae

Common name Binomial Status
White-throated dipperCinclus cinclus

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Troglodytidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian wrenTroglodytes troglodytes

Accentors

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Prunellidae

Common name Binomial Status
DunnockPrunella modularis
Siberian accentorPrunella montanella* B
Alpine accentorPrunella collaris

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

Common name Binomial Status
White's thrushZoothera dauma* B
Ring ouzelTurdus torquatus
Common blackbirdTurdus merula
Dusky thrushTurdus naumanni*
Dark-throated thrushTurdus ruficollis*
FieldfareTurdus pilaris
Song thrushTurdus philomelos
RedwingTurdus iliacus
Mistle thrushTurdus viscivorus

Cisticolas

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cisticolidae

Common name Binomial Status
Zitting cisticolaCisticola juncidis*

Locustellid warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Locustellidae

Common name Binomial Status
Common grasshopper warblerLocustella naevia
River warblerLocustella fluviatilis
Savi's warblerLocustella luscinioides

Acrocephalid warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acrocephalidae

Common name Binomial Status
Moustached warblerAcrocephalus melanopogon
Aquatic warblerAcrocephalus paludicola
Sedge warblerAcrocephalus schoenobaenus
Paddyfield warblerAcrocephalus agricola*
Marsh warblerAcrocephalus palustris
Eurasian reed warblerAcrocephalus scirpaceus
Great reed warblerAcrocephalus arundinaceus
Eastern olivaceous warblerIduna pallida*
Booted warblerIduna caligata*
Icterine warblerHippolais icterina
Melodious warblerHippolais polyglotta

Phylloscopid warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Phylloscopidae

Common name Binomial Status
Greenish warblerPhylloscopus trochiloides*
Pallas's leaf warblerPhylloscopus proregulus*
Yellow-browed warblerPhylloscopus inornatus*
Dusky warblerPhylloscopus fuscatus*
Western Bonelli's warblerPhylloscopus bonelli
Wood warblerPhylloscopus sibilatrix
Common chiffchaffPhylloscopus collybita
Willow warblerPhylloscopus trochilus

Old World warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sylviidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian blackcapSylvia atricapilla
Garden warblerSylvia borin
Barred warblerSylvia nisoria
Lesser whitethroatSylvia curruca
Western Orphean warblerSylvia hortensis*
Common whitethroatSylvia communis
Subalpine warblerSylvia cantillans*
Sardinian warblerSylvia melanocephala*

Kinglets

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Regulidae

Common name Binomial Status
GoldcrestRegulus regulus
Common firecrestRegulus ignicapilla

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Muscicapidae

Common name Binomial Status
European robinErithacus rubecula
Thrush nightingaleLuscinia luscinia
Common nightingaleLuscinia megarhynchos
BluethroatLuscinia svecica
Black redstartPhoenicurus ochruros
Common redstartPhoenicurus phoenicurus
WhinchatSaxicola rubetra
European stonechatSaxicola torquatus
Northern wheatearOenanthe oenanthe
Pied wheatearOenanthe pleschanka*
Black-eared wheatearOenanthe hispanica*
Common rock thrushMonticola saxatilis
Blue rock thrushMonticola solitarius
Spotted flycatcherMuscicapa striata
Red-breasted flycatcherFicedula parva
Collared flycatcherFicedula albicollis
European pied flycatcherFicedula hypoleuca

Bearded reedling

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Panuridae

Common name Binomial Status
Bearded reedlingPanurus biarmicus

Long-tailed tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Aegithalidae

Common name Binomial Status
Long-tailed titAegithalos caudatus

Tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Paridae

Common name Binomial Status
Marsh titParus palustris
Willow titParus montanus
Crested titParus cristatus
Coal titParus ater
Eurasian blue titParus caeruleus
Azure titParus cyanus*
Great titParus major

Nuthatches

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sittidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian nuthatchSitta europaea

Wallcreeper

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tichodromidae

Common name Binomial Status
WallcreeperTichodroma muraria

Treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Certhiidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian treecreeperCerthia familiaris
Short-toed treecreeperCerthia brachydactyla

Penduline tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Remizidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian penduline titRemiz pendulinus

Orioles

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Oriolidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian golden orioleOriolus oriolus

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Laniidae

Common name Binomial Status
Isabelline shrikeLanius isabellinus*
Red-backed shrikeLanius collurio
Lesser grey shrikeLanius minor
Great grey shrikeLanius excubitor
Woodchat shrikeLanius senator

Jays, magpies and crows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian jayGarrulus glandarius
Eurasian magpiePica pica
Spotted nutcrackerNucifraga caryocatactes
Alpine choughPyrrhocorax graculus
Red-billed choughPyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Western jackdawCorvus monedula
RookCorvus frugilegus
Carrion crowCorvus corone2
Northern ravenCorvus corax

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Common name Binomial Status
Common starlingSturnus vulgaris
Rosy starlingPastor roseus

Sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Common name Binomial Status
House sparrowPasser domesticus
Italian sparrowPasser italiae
Tree sparrowPasser montanus
Rock sparrowPetronia petronia*
White-winged snowfinchMontifringilla nivalis

Finches

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

Common name Binomial Status
Common chaffinchFringilla coelebs
BramblingFringilla montifringilla
European serinSerinus serinus
Citril finchSerinus citrinella
European greenfinchChloris chloris
European goldfinchCarduelis carduelis
Eurasian siskinCarduelis spinus
Common linnetLinaria cannabina
TwiteLinaria flavirostris
Common redpollAcanthis flammea3
Two-barred crossbillLoxia leucoptera*
Common crossbillLoxia curvirostra
Parrot crossbillLoxia pytyopsittacus*
Trumpeter finchBucanetes githagineus*
Common rosefinchCarpodacus erythrinus
Pine grosbeakPinicola enucleator* B
Eurasian bullfinchPyrrhula pyrrhula
HawfinchCoccothraustes coccothraustes

Longspurs and arctic buntings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Calcariidae

Common name Binomial Status
Lapland longspurCalcarius lapponicus
Snow buntingPlectrophenax nivalis

Buntings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

Common name Binomial Status
Pine buntingEmberiza leucocephalos*
YellowhammerEmberiza citrinella
Cirl buntingEmberiza cirlus
Rock buntingEmberiza cia
Ortolan buntingEmberiza hortulana
Cretzschmar's buntingEmberiza caesia*
Rustic buntingEmberiza rustica*
Little buntingEmberiza pusilla*
Reed buntingEmberiza schoeniclus
Black-headed buntingEmberiza melanocephala*
Corn buntingEmberiza calandra

Notes

  • 1 The Austrian checklist does not include the recent split of Rock pipit Anthus petrosus from water pipit; both occur in Austria, water pipit breeding and rock pipit as an accidental (Snow & Perrins 1998).
  • 2 The Austrian checklist does not include the recent split of hooded crow Corvus cornix from carrion crow; both breed in Austria (Snow & Perrins 1998).
  • 3 The Austrian checklist does not include the recent split of lesser redpoll Carduelis cabaret from common redpoll; both occur in Austria, with lesser redpoll breeding and common redpoll a winter visitor (Snow & Perrins 1998, Knox et al. 2001).

Inclusion of these three splits would bring the Austrian total to 419 species.

See also

References

  • Ranner, A. (2005). Checkliste Der Vögel Österreichs pdf file. Avifaunistische Kommission von BirdLife Österreich.
  • Snow, D. W. & Perrins, C. M. (1998). The Birds of the Western Palearctic Concise Edition. OUP.
  • Knox, A. G., Helbig, A. J., Parkin, D. T., & Sangster, G. (2001). The taxonomic status of Lesser Redpoll. British Birds 94: 260-267.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.