The following is a list of Spanish-language television networks in the United States. As of 2016 the largest Hispanic/Latino television audiences in the U.S. are in California (Los Angeles, San Francisco area), New York, Florida (Miami area), Texas (Houston, Dallas, Ft. Worth, San Antonio), Illinois (Chicago), and Arizona (Phoenix).[1]
Major networks
TV network |
Founded |
Owner |
% of U.S. households reached |
# of households viewable |
# of Full-power affiliates |
# of Low-power/Class-A affiliates and transmitters |
Univision |
1986[2] |
Univision Communications |
49% |
94,100,000[3] |
62 |
26 |
Estrella TV |
2009 |
Liberman Broadcasting |
46% |
64,232,000 |
38 |
29 |
Telemundo |
1954[4] |
NBCUniversal |
61.6% |
192,476,422 |
54 |
46 |
UniMás |
2002[5] |
Univision Communications |
43% |
59,600,000[6] |
35 |
24 |
Azteca |
2001 |
HC2 Holdings |
32% |
37,248,000 |
14 |
28 |
References
- ↑ Nielsen Company (September 2016). "Local Television Market Universe Estimates: Hispanic or Latino TV Homes" – via Television Bureau of Advertising, Inc.
- ↑ Date at which the Spanish International Network (founded in 1962) was reorganized and became Univision.
- ↑ Univision. "Univision Network". Univision Corporate. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
- ↑ NetSpan (founded in 1984) was reorganized and became Telemundo continental U.S. network.
- ↑ UniMás was originally launched as Telefutura in January 2002, before rebranding under its current name in January 2013.
- ↑ Univision. "UniMás Network". Univision Corporate. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
- 1 2 "Guide to Hispanic Networks", Broadcasting & Cable, 144, pp. 14–20, October 2, 2014, ISSN 1068-6827, (Subscription required (help)),
Special Report in Multichannel News and Broadcasting & Cable
- ↑ "Los canales Ultra HD Plex de Olympusat celebran su quinto aniversario". Olympusat. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
- 1 2 "Comcast Corporation". Philadelphia. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
- ↑ "News". New York: Viacom, Inc. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
Bibliography
- "Spanish-Language TV Undergoing Growth Spurt", New York Times, September 10, 1986
- Steve Beale (December 1986), "New Ownership Transforms Spanish-language TV", Hispanic Business, ISSN 0199-0349
- "Media Business: Spanish-Language TV Grows Up", New York Times, July 7, 1988
- Federico A. Subervi-Velez (1994). "Mass Communication and Hispanics: Television". Handbook of Hispanic Cultures in the United States: Sociology. Houston, Texas: Arte Público Press. pp. 334+. ISBN 1558851011 – via Google Books.
- America Rodriguez (1997). "Creating an Audience and Remapping a Nation: A Brief History of U.S. Spanish Language Broadcasting, 1930—1980". Quarterly Review of Film and Video. 16. doi:10.1080/10509209709361470.
- Margaret A. Blanchard, ed. (2013) [1998]. "Hispanic Media". History of the Mass Media in the United States: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-91749-4.
- America Rodriguez (1999). Making Latino News: Race, Language, Class. Sage. ISBN 978-0-7619-1552-2.
(Includes discussion of Spanish language TV)
- Alan Albarran, ed. (2009). Handbook of Spanish Language Media. Routledge.
- Rocío Rivadeneyra (2011). "Gender and Race Portrayals on Spanish-Language Television". Sex Roles. 65.
- "Guide to Hispanic Networks" (PDF), Broadcasting & Cable, October 1, 2012, ISSN 1068-6827,
Special Report in Multichannel News and Broadcasting & Cable
- "Spate of Rebranding for Spanish-Language TV", New York Times, December 2, 2012
- Dale Kunkel; et al. (2013). "Food Marketing to Children on U.S. Spanish-Language Television". Journal of Health Communication. 18.
- Matthew Eshbaugh-Soha; Christine Balarezo (2014). "The President on Spanish-Language Television News". Social Science Quarterly. 95.
- Charles M. Tatum, ed. (2014). "Spanish-Language Television". Encyclopedia of Latino Culture. ABC-CLIO. pp. 835–848. ISBN 978-1-4408-0099-3.
- Dana Mastro; et al. (2015). "Latinos' Perceptions of Intergroup Relations in the United States: The Cultivation of Group-Based Attitudes and Beliefs from English- and Spanish-Language Television". Journal of Social Issues. 71.
- Kenton T. Wilkinson (2016). Spanish-Language Television in the United States: Fifty Years of Development. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-68859-4.