Les Guignols

Les Guignols
Also known as Les arènes de l'info
La semaine des guignols
L'année des guignols
Genre Adult puppeteering
Political satire
Animation
Comedy
Voices of Yves Lecoq
Daniel Herzog
Sandrine Alexi
Thierry Garcia
Marc-Antoine Le Bret
Mathieu Schalk
Country of origin France
Original language(s) French
Production
Running time 8 minutes
Production company(s) Canal+
Release
Original network Canal+
Nulle part ailleurs
Original release August 29, 1988 – June 22, 2018
External links
Website

Les Guignols (French pronunciation: ​[le ɡiɲɔl], Puppets), formerly Les Guignols de l'info (French pronunciation: ​[le ɡiɲɔl də lɛ̃fo], News Puppets), was a satirical latex puppet show broadcast on Canal+, a French subscription-based television channel, the show being available without subscription. Hosted by a puppet facsimile of TF1 news anchor Patrick Poivre d'Arvor, Les Guignols was similar to the 1984–1996 British Spitting Image. A segment appeared every weeknight on the Canal+ program Nulle part ailleurs, with a weekly roundup on Sundays ("La Semaine des Guignols", replay of the week's episodes).

The show started in 1988 as Les Arènes de l'info (News Arenas). It originally did not follow the news of the day and was not very popular. It was not until 1990–1991 and the first Gulf War that the show began to follow the news. It enjoyed a tremendous growth in popularity and quickly eclipsed its rival, Le Bébête Show.

The last episode was aired on 22 June 2018

The Guignols has had a tremendous impact on French popular culture, in many case introducing or popularizing phrases. For instance, à l'insu de mon plein gré ("without the knowledge of my own free will"), repeated by the puppet representing Richard Virenque is now attributed in jest to people who hypocritically deny having willfully committed attributed acts. The impact of political caricature in the Guignols is unclear, but some polls have shown that they influence voters.[1]

The show is known to be able to go further in challenging current popular figures and thought than many other forms of media. Some sketches displayed for example Raymond Barre, a former Prime Minister in a gonzo pornographic scene, President Jacques Chirac and his team in a Pulp Fiction–like destruction race to eliminate their competitors or the then Minister of Interior Department Nicolas Sarkozy as a flip-flopping politician.

The Guignols generally displays a left political outlook (although being tough on whoever is in power). While they generally focus on French politics, they occasionally parody international events, often concerning terrorism, including Osama Bin Laden, the Iraq conflict and Saddam Hussein, and United States foreign policy in general. These spoofs on international events are usually presented in an anti-Bush manner, mocking the fact that grey eminences lead the politic, not the president himself. They also sometimes mock Canal+ and its staff as for their former football club.

Famous characters

refer to caption
Puppets of Patrick Poivre d'Arvor and Jacques Chirac

The characters in the Guignols are either inspired by real personalities of the political, economic and artistic worlds (generally, by anybody who appears in the news) or else are fictional.

  • PPD is a caricature of Patrick Poivre d'Arvor (aka PPDA), a news anchor. He is depicted as a rather cowardly journalist who tries to get on with the mighty and the powerful, but who uses irony and sarcasm to get his point across. He also sports a variety of hairstyles, trying to mask his receding hairline. Despite the end of the news anchor career of Patrick Poivre d'Arvor, PPD isn't retired.
  • Commandant Sylvestre, M. Sylvestre and Cardinal Sylvestre are fictional characters based on the American actor Sylvester Stallone (although when Sylvester Stallone himself is represented, or represented as Rambo, he has a different appearance and a different voice). They are a parody of "an ugly American" and of greedy multinationals and the military-industrial complex. They always say "beuuarhh" (IPA: [bœwaʁ]) instead of "bonsoir" (IPA: [bɔ̃.swaʁ], good evening) as a salute. During the first Gulf War, the Guignols had a character called Commandant Sylvestre. Cmdt Sylvestre would explain the war in broad terms ("Here's the good guys, that's us, and here are the ragheads, so we'll kill everybody there...") After the war, Cmdt Sylvestre was reintroduced as Mr Sylvestre, a ubiquitous executive from the military-industrial complex, the corporate world (all mixed into the fictional corporation World Company), and the CIA. Sylvestre is dressed in suit and tie and wears a security badge. He is assisted by clones of himself. His appearance is a blend of Sylvester Stallone and Al Pacino (mainly the lower part of his face). Cardinal Sylvestre, joined with Reverend Sylvestre, Imam Sylvestre, Rabbi Sylvestre and other religious leaders, form the Church Company, twin sister of the World Company specialized in "religious business". Since the beginning of the European economic crisis, Mr. Sylvestre is often an Moody's analyst. Mr. Sylvestre is a caricature of globalization and is very cynical.
  • Jacques Chirac French president between 1995 and 2007, is depicted as a beer-guzzling, impulsive, incompetent liar who embezzles public money and yet comes off as charming, charismatic, and well-loved. The Guignols went as far as to introduce Super Menteur (Super-Liar), a super hero, into whom Jacques Chirac changes in times of need (see Clark Kent/Superman). Super Menteur is capable of uttering unbelievable lies without getting caught. Only one person is a better liar, Ultra menteur (Ultra-Liar), portrayed by French retired politician Charles Pasqua who has been convicted in some corruption cases.
  • George W. Bush is depicted as a cretin along with his father. He shows a tendency to war and fights terrorism in his bedroom, defending himself with hand grenades (beer cans). His laptop password is "connard" (one of the French words for "dumbass").
  • Joey Starr and Doc Gynéco: The rapper Joey Starr, convicted of violence, is portrayed as a brutal individual. He is often coupled with rapper Doc Gynéco to discuss the consumption of cannabis.
  • Bernard Tapie is represented as a bully, speaking in a vulgar way.
  • Jean Marie Le Pen when he was the French FN (Front National) political party leader (French far-right party). He was represented with a pitbull's head. Since the handover to one of his daughters, Marine Le Pen, his puppet appears rarely, usually as the éminence grise of Marine Le Pen.
  • José Maria Aznar Former Prime Minister of Spain Jose Maria Aznar. Represented as a law and science student closer to people, but when one of his ministers as Abel Matutes, Javier Arenas, Isabel Tocino or Rodrigo Rato get mad, it explodes. It is a centrist convinced (parody of that once in power the Popular Party, went to turn it into a conservative party with a moderate party). Due to the end of his political career, he no-longer appears.
  • Philippe Lucas, a former trainer of the French Olympic, world and European champion swimmer Laure Manaudou, as a heavily muscled, homophobic guy who criticizes most of French athletes, suspected of physical and mental weakness. He always ends his critics by the reply Et pis c'est tout !, incorrect contraction of Et puis c'est tout (And that's it).
  • Bernard Laporte, a former authoritarian rugby scrum half, coach (both club teams and national team), French Secretary of State for Sport and today rugby coach again. He only appears to glorify violence in rugby, described as the valeurs de l'ovalie (values of rugby) with many hyperboles (open fractures, neck cracking, enucleations, coma, crowbar fighting ambush ...).

In recent political history, the Guignols have regularly portrayed:

  • Former Prime Minister Lionel Jospin as competent and honest but boring. He's depicted as disappointed by France (he passes, time to time, to say "pays de merde", which can be translated roughly as "this country sucks"), since the first round of the French 2002 presidential election when he couldn't qualify;
  • a former Minister of Health, Youth Affairs and Sports Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin as an incompetent airhead. She usually answers to questions with a "Ah booooooon?... Vrraaaiiiiment ?" - (um, Okaaaay, reeaaaally?) as she's clueless about her own ministry;
  • The former president Nicolas Sarkozy as overly ambitious and populist and short-tempered. He collects Rolex watches and keeps diverting attention to his wife, Carla Bruni, who's "so beautiful cause she's so talented cause she sings so well cause she's so his wife". Like the real politician, he is complexed with his small size and always wear shoes with high soles to seem bigger. Since Sarkozy came back on the French politics scene in 2014, he is portrayed as someone who claims he "really changed" (regarding his short temper), but who actually is "worse than before".
  • Former President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing as dogmatic and repetitive, usually seen wearing his green habit vert (ceremonial dress), as he is a member of the Académie Française. One running gag is that Giscard d'Estaing is dead but too stubborn to admit it.
  • Ségolène Royal, the Socialist Party candidate for the 2007 presidential election, as constantly following opinion polls and pretending to be a woman of the people.
  • François Bayrou, the centrist 2012 candidate for France's presidency who has delusions of grandeur. His huge-eared puppet is childish and whiny.
  • Former President François Hollande, elected in 2012 as the Socialist Party candidate, as an overweight politician who lacks charisma.
  • Nadine Morano, a very scurrilous and rough politician, who unconditionally supports Nicolas Sarkozy, often alongside David Douillet, a former world champion in judo, Minister of Sports, described in the guignols as a very silly man.
  • Marine Le Pen, the daughter of Jean Marie Le Pen and his successor to the FN presidency.
  • Angela Merkel, the German chancellor, who is accused, since the end of 2011, of controlling the whole European Union.

Opening Titles

Criticism

The Guignols have been criticised for being leftist and populist and for presenting a cynical and over-simplified version of reality and politics. The show's authors have admitted leftist leanings. Erik Svane has accused the show of being anti-American.[2]

After the departure of two of the original authors in the late 1990s, the show has been criticized as lacking wit and freshness and having become too overtly populist and partisan. Some critics claim that the show is in decline.[3] The show's treatment of Nicolas Sarkozy has been criticized as biased.[4] Bruno Gaccio, prior to the French presidential election of 2007, was said to have admitted that he meant the Guignols to openly campaign against Sarkozy, but later stated that he had been misquoted.

In February 2012 the controversy jumped by three polemical videos to Spanish sportspeople. In the first video, Rafael Nadal (Spanish tennis player known), drinking water in a gas station, and urinated in place to refuel, and his car reached the speed of 280 km / h, when French gendarmes arrested him for speeding, and at the end reading "the Spanish athletes do not win by chance." In another video, Alberto Contador, the Tour de France champion, was the butt of jokes, saying the video that not only if you donate blood you can save a child with leukemia, an anemic or a victim of trafficking, but he can win the Tour de France. In the third video, Iker Casillas, Pau Gasol and Rafael Nadal signed a document with needles instead of pens. After hearing this, several Spanish sportspeople have demanded the program with 54,534 euros plus 96 euros compensation for moral damages. Some analysts believe that relations between France and Spain will become more rough by these parodies, since Spain "are considered aberrant," and France says "everyone can express their opinions.".

Cancellation

Following the dismissal of the four authors at the end of July 2015[5], the decision was taken restrict the live show to paying canal+ subscribers. This decision was brought into effect the following September, although the show was made available to the general public as a Dailymotion stream after being broadcast on air ("La Semaine des Guignols", the weekly roundup of the show, continued to be broadcast free-to-air on Sundays[6]). This change brought about the decline of the programme, until the final episode was broadcast on June 22 2018[7].

Elsewhere

  • The XYZ Show is the Kenyan equivalent of the French original.
  • Puppets is the Russian political satire equivalent of Les Guignols.
  • Les Guignols d'Afrique is the Cameroonian equivalent of the French original.
  • Las noticias del guiñol is a show in Spanish Canal+ inspired by Les Guignols. It focuses on Spanish politics and football.
  • Contra Informação is a long-running Portuguese equivalent broadcast on RTP1. It was cancelled in 2010.
  • ContraPoder is an updated version of Contra Informação. It was premiered in March 2013 in the cable channels SIC Notícias and SIC Radical.
  • ZANews is the South African equivalent of the French original.

Programs of the Guignols family exchange latex moulds, and puppets representing foreign celebrities can be used as "normal people" in countries where the celebrity is not known.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Bloomberg, Segolene Is Snow White, Nicolas a Dwarf as French Satire Blooms
  2. ↑ Erik Svane: Stallone et les Guignols. Le Monde Télévision, September 23/24, 2001, page 39
  3. ↑ Nouvelle page 1 Archived 2008-01-06 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ↑ Les Guignols de l'Info, les bien nommés, actualité Confidentiels : Le Point
  5. ↑ "Les quatre auteurs des « Guignols » limogés". Le Monde. 25 July 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  6. ↑ "Les Guignols» et Antoine de Caunes passent en crypté sur Canal +". Le Figaro. 22 July 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  7. ↑ "Ecran noir pour « Les Guignols »". Le Monde. 23 June 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
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