Ranglong language

Ranglong language is a Kuki-Chin language of India and Burma. It is also recorded as Langrong by UNESCO and declared as critically endangered language.

The Ranglong language is also known as "Riam chong".

Distribution

Ranglong language is spoken in Seisimdung, Noagang, Zoitang, Lungkam, Zoinogor, Muolhui, Enhui, Vomthat, Kheuri-laikhuo, Rothabil, Laikhuo, Sorospur, Thumsip, Balidung, Ru-at, Saitha, Zarolian, villages in Tripura, Nurka, Langkhanphong, Pipla, Zairal, Sobiri, Khulicherra, Jugicherra, Salganga, Kaisanary, Jamira villages in Assam and Luimawi village in Mizoram. The Ranglong people lives in a close and compact yet divided by three Indian federal states.

Literature review

The Ranglong speakers as per G.A. Gierson in 1904 were 6266, in 2017 Ranglongs are 15000 approximately. Ranglong language is a tonal language, monosyllabic language, contextual language, agglutinative language, and ergative language. The Ranglong people have their own grammar book published by Mr. Reuben Ranglong on 5 July 2016 in memory of his father Mualzuiril Ranglong (Lt.) the first Ranglong Christian, who took baptized in 1956 in the Diamond Jubilee year (1956-2016). The grammar book "Ranglong Chongzia" written by Rev. Lianzamthang Ranglong and released by Mr. Ringpanjoy Ranglong, President of Ranglong Youth Association.

In 1880 G.H. Damant, the then Political Officer of Naga Hills, in his research paper, "Notes on the locality and Population of the Tribes Dwelling betweenthe Brahmaputra and Ningthi Rivers" in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Page 237, Published in Stanford University, USA, Put the Ranglong Community under Old Kuki.

C.A. Soppit (1887), the then Assistant Commissioner, Burma and Sub-Divisional Officer, North Cachar Hills, Assam, in his research works ‘A short Account of the Kuki-Lushai Tribe on the North-East Frontier’ published at Harvard University, USA, clearly mentioned about the community of Ranglong in his preface on the account of the tribes.

G.A. Grierson (1904), one of the most renowned linguistic scholars, in his extensive research works, ‘The Linguistic Survey of India, 1904’ in Volume III, Part III – ‘Tibeto-Burman family’ had identified the Ranglong as separate community and accordingly undertook detailed linguistic research on Ranglong language. As per his record in 1904, the Ranglong populations were about 6,266.

T.C Hodson (1911), the then Assistant Political Agent in Manipur and Superintendent of the State, in his book, ‘The Naga Tribes of Manipur’ published in University of London, also identified the Ranglong as separate community as against Halam, Rangkhol etc., and put it under Old Kuki group. It could be viewed in page 19.

Colonel Shakespeare (1912), in his extensive works on linguistic co-relation among various tribes namely ‘The Lushei Kuki Clan’ published in the University of California, highlighted Ranglong as distinct to other tribal languages. It could be viewed in page 227 & 225.

Kenneth VanBik (2009), in his research works on, ‘Proto-Kuki-Chin: A Reconstructed Ancestor of the Kuki-Chin Language’ published in University of California, Berkeley, grouped the Ranglong with Old Kuki as against Halam Rangkhol, Aimol etc. It could be viewed in page 20.

M.K Bhasin (2006), in his research works, ‘Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India: Indian Population Milieu’ published in Int J Hum Genet, 2006, clearly identified the Ranglong as separate community alongside Lushai/Mizo, Rangkhol, Halam etc. It could be viewed in page 268, Volume 6(3).

References

Grierson G.A., Linguistic Survey of India, Vol - iii, Part -iii. p-207