Katori Shrine

Katori Jingū
香取神宮
The haiden, or prayer hall of Katori Shrine
Shown within Japan
Basic information
Location 1697 Katori, Katori
Chiba Prefecture 287-0017
Geographic coordinates 35°53′10″N 140°31′44″E / 35.88611°N 140.52889°E / 35.88611; 140.52889Coordinates: 35°53′10″N 140°31′44″E / 35.88611°N 140.52889°E / 35.88611; 140.52889
Affiliation Shinto
Deity Futsunushi
Iwainushi
Festival Reisai, Shinkosai (April 14th)
Type Shikinaisya
Shimousa no Kuni
Former kanpeitaisha
Chokusaisha
Beppyo jinja
Website www.katori-jingu.or.jp
Architectural description
Architectural style Sangensya-Nagare-zukuri
Date established 642 BC (traditional)
Glossary of Shinto

The Katori Shrine (香取神宮, Katori Jingū) is a Shintō shrine in the city of Katori in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. It is the ichinomiya of former Shimōsa Province, and is the head shrine of the approximately 400 Katori shrines around the country (located primarily in the Kantō region).

The main festival of the shrine is held annually on April 14, with a three-day Grand Festival held every 12 years. [1]

Enshrined kami

The primary kami of Katori Shrine is Futsunushi (経津主神, Futsunushi-no-kami), the kami of swords and lightning, and a general of Amaterasu.

History

The foundation of Katori Shrine predates the historical period. Per the Hitachi Fudoki, an ancient record and per shrine tradition, it was established in 643 BC, the 18th year of the reign of Emperor Jimmu.[2] During this period, the Ō clan (多氏, Ō-shi) migrated from Higo Province in Kyushu, conquering local emishi tribes, and forming an alliance with the nearby Nakatomi clan, the progenitors of the Fujiwara clan at what is now Kashima Jingū.

In the mid-Heian period Engishiki records, it is ranked alongside Ise Jingū and Kashima Jingū as one of three shrines with the Jingū designation.

Notable structures

The Honden of Katori Shrine was traditionally reconstructed every 20 years, similar to the system used at Ise Shrine until the system fell apart during the Sengoku period. The current structure was built in 1700 and is designated as Important Cultural Property.

The Rōmon gate of Katori Shrine was also constructed in 1700 and is also designated an Important Cultural Property. It displays the shrine's name plaque written by Fleet Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō.[3]

National treasures

Katori Shrine holds one National Treasure, the Kaijū Budō Kagami (海獣葡萄鏡), a round cupronickel mirror with a diameter of 29.6 centimeters, and weight of 4.56 kilograms. Probably from Tang Dynasty China, the mirror is decorated with bas-relief flowers, insects and a variety of real and mythological animals. It is almost identical to a mirror held by the Shosoin Treasury in Nara. The mirror itself is preserved at the Nara National Museum.

Furthermore, the shrine also has a ceramic Koseto pair of komainu, standing 17.6 and 17.9 centimeters high. Dating from the Muromachi period, one of these statues was featured on a 250 Yen definitive stamp of Japan. The set of statues is designated as an Important Cultural Property.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Plutschow. Matsuri: The Festivals of Japan. Page 173
  2. ↑ "Katori Shinto Ryu" (PDF). The Doshikai. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
  3. ↑ 宝物・文化財. 香取神宮 (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2009-07-03. Retrieved 2008-05-17.

References

  • Clark, Timothy (2001). 100 Views of Mount Fuji. Weatherhill Books. ISBN 0-8348-0492-1.
  • Plutschow, Herbe. Matsuri: The Festivals of Japan. RoutledgeCurzon (1996) ISBN 1-873410-63-8
  • Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 3994492
  • ____________. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887


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