John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway

John Stewart
7th Earl of Galloway
KT
Stewart as Master of Garlies
by Anton Raphael Mengs, 1758
Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright
In office
1803–1806
Preceded by Viscount Garlies
Succeeded by The Earl of Selkirk
Lord Lieutenant of Wigtown
In office
1794–1806
Preceded by Office created
Succeeded by Earl of Galloway
Member of the United Kingdom Parliament
for Ludgershall
In office
1768–1773
Member of the United Kingdom Parliament
for Haslemere
In office
1761–1768
Personal details
Born (1736-03-13)13 March 1736
Died 13 November 1806(1806-11-13) (aged 70)
Political party Tory
Spouse(s)
Lady Charlotte Greville
(m. 1762; her death 1763)

Anne Dashwood
(m. 1764; his death 1806)
Relations Susannah Stewart (sister)
Granville Leveson-Gower (brother-in-law)
Keith Stewart (brother)
John Murray (brother-in-law)
Archibald Hamilton (brother-in-law)
Children 18, including George, William, Charles, Edward, James
Parents Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway
Lady Catherine Cochrane
John Stewart depicted in James Gillray's An Old Encore at the Opera! of 1803

John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway KT (13 March 1736 – 13 November 1806) was a Scottish peer, styled Viscount Garlies from 1747 until 1773, who became the 7th Earl of Galloway in 1773 and who served as a Member of Parliament from 1761 to 1773.

Early life

John Stewart was the eldest son and second child of Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway (c. 1694–1773) and Lady Catherine Cochrane, the youngest daughter of the John Cochrane, 4th Earl of Dundonald. His older sister, Lady Susanna Stewart (d. 1805), married Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford. His other siblings included Admiral the Honourable Keith Stewart of Glasserton (1739–1795), Lady Margaret Stewart (d. 1762), Lady Charlotte Stewart (d. 1818) who married John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, Lady Catherine Stewart (b. ca. 1750), and Lady Harriet Stewart (d. 1788) who married Archibald Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton.[1]

Peerage

He succeeded his father Alexander in 1773.[1][2]

Career

He was elected one of the representative peers, representing the Peerage of Scotland in the House of Lords, in 1774 and sat there until the 1790s.[3] From 1783 until his death he was a Lord of the Bedchamber to King George III.

The Earl, a Tory, was the target of two hostile poems by Robert Burns, John Bushby's Lamentation and On the Earl of Galloway.[4][5]

Galloway, a frequent opera-goer, was caricatured by James Gillray in An Old Encore at the Opera! of 1803.[3] In 1762, James Boswell wrote of him that he had "a petulant forwardness that cannot fail to disgust people of sense and delicacy".[6]

Besides being a Member of Parliament, Lord Galloway was a Lord of Police from 1768 to 1782, a Representative Peer for Scotland from 1774 to 1790, a Knight of the Thistle (1775), and a Lord of the Bedchamber from 1784 to 1806.[2]

Personal life

Portrait of his second wife, Anne Dashwood by Sir Joshua Reynolds in 1764, at The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Anne Stewart, née Dashwood, and daughter Susan Stewart, later Duchess of Marlborough (1767-1841) (Angelica Kauffmann)

On 14 August 1762, he married Lady Charlotte Greville (d. 1763), the daughter of Francis Greville, 1st Earl of Warwick (1719–1773).[3] They had two sons, both of whom died in infancy.[1]

After Charlotte's death, he married Anne Dashwood (1743–1830), daughter of Sir James Dashwood, 2nd Baronet (1715–1779), on 13 June 1764. They had sixteen children:[1]

Descendants

His grandson, George Spencer-Churchill (1793–1857), was the 6th Duke of Marlborough, and his brother was Lord Charles Spencer-Churchill (1794–1840). Through his grandson, he was the 3x great grandfather of Winston Churchill.[1]

His grandson, Randolph Stewart (1800–1873), was the 9th Earl of Galloway and served as Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright from 1828 to 1845 and was MP for Cockermouth from 1826 to 1831. He married Lady Harriet Blanche Somerset, daughter of Henry Somerset, 6th Duke of Beaufort.[1]

His grandson, George Rushout (1811–1887), was the 3rd Baron Northwick and served as MP for Evesham from 1837 to 1841 and MP for Worcestershire East from 1847 to 1859. He married the Hon. Elizabeth Augusta, daughter of William Bateman-Hanbury, 1st Baron Bateman and widow of George Drought Warburton, in 1869.[1]

His granddaughter, Sophia Bligh, married to Henry William Parnell (1809-1896) in 1835, the son of Henry Parnell, 1st Baron Congleton, who was a great uncle of Charles Stewart Parnell. Henry W. Parnell's sister, Emma Jane Parnell, was married to Edward Bligh, 5th Earl of Darnley.[1]

Art patronage

The Earl of Galloway was painted in a miniature by Nathaniel Hone the Elder,[10] as well as a full portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs in 1758 when he was Viscount Garlies, which is currently located at The Los Angeles County Museum of Art.[11]

His second wife, Anne Dashwood, had a portrait painter of her by Sir Joshua Reynolds in 1764, which is currently located at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.[12] Lady Galloway, along with their daughter Susan Stewart, later Duchess of Marlborough, was also painted by Angelica Kauffmann.[13]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mosley, ed., Charles (2003). "John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway". www.thepeerage.com. Wilmington, Delaware: Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  2. 1 2 "Galloway, Earl of (S, 1623)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 "Robert Burns Country: The Burns Encyclopedia: Stewart, John, seventh Earl of Galloway (1736-1806)". www.robertburns.org. The Burns Encyclopedia. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  4. ↑ "John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway ('An old encore, at the opera')". npg.org.uk. National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  5. ↑ "John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway ('A Scotch poney, - commonly call'd a Galloway')". npg.org.uk. National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  6. ↑ Jamesboswell.info. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  7. ↑ G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, page 15.
  8. ↑ L. G. Pine, The New Extinct Peerage 1884-1971: Containing Extinct, Abeyant, Dormant and Suspended Peerages With Genealogies and Arms (London, U.K.: Heraldry Today, 1972), page 208
  9. ↑ Dodd, Charles R. (1846). THE PEERAGE, BARONETAGE, AND KNIGHTAGE, OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, INCLUDING ALL THE TITLED CLASSES. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  10. ↑ "A gentleman John 7th Earl of Galloway in a twisted gold bordered white coat and waistcoat lace cravat and black stock powdered hair en queue by NathanielHone the Elder". www.artnet.com. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  11. ↑ "Portrait of John Viscount Garlies, Later 7th Earl of Galloway, as Master of Garlies | LACMA Collections". collections.lacma.org. The Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  12. ↑ "Anne Dashwood (1743–1830), Later Countess of Galloway | Joshua Reynolds | 50.238.2 | Work of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art". metmuseum.org. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  13. ↑ "Portrait of Anne Stewart née Dashwood Countess of Galloway 1743-1830 by Angelika Kauffmann". www.artnet.com. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by
Thomas Duncombe
Sir Matthew Fetherstonhaugh		 Member of Parliament for Morpeth
1761–1768
With: Thomas Duncombe		 Succeeded by
Peter Beckford
Sir Matthew Ridley
Preceded by
Thomas Whately
John Paterson		 Member of Parliament for Ludgershall
1768–1773
With: Sir Peniston Lamb		 Succeeded by
Sir Peniston Lamb
Whitshed Keene
Honorary titles
New office Lord Lieutenant of Wigtown
1794–1806		 Succeeded by
The Earl of Galloway
Preceded by
Viscount Garlies		 Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright
1803–1806		 Succeeded by
The Earl of Selkirk
Peerage of Scotland
Preceded by
Alexander Stewart		 Earl of Galloway
1773–1806		 Succeeded by
George Stewart
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